听力教程第三册答案UNIT7文档格式.docx
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Part2listeningforGist
Likethe"
IronAge"
volunteers,Paulhasalsochosentocuthimselfofffrommanyaspectsofmodemlife,not,however,asanexperimentbutbecausehefeelsitisamoresatisfactorywaytolive.HeistalkingabouthissmallcottageintheWelshmountains:
"
Andthatbringsmetosaywhatisprimitiveaboutit,namely,itisanythingthathastobedone,andthereareobviouslycertainbasicneedsoflife,is'
DIY'
astheysay:
Doityourself.Thereisnolabortobehadnowadaysinsucharemotepart.Er,therearenoneighborsformostoftheyearandsoyouareonyourownentirely.Theplaceitselfisextremelyprimitive.Er,Imentionedthewater.Imentionedthatwenowhavegotelectricity.Er,thebuildingitself-it'
simportanttokeepitcleanandit'
sstupidtotry.Wetrytokeepittidy,andreasonablyclean.Itisverydifficulttokeepitwarm,warmenoughparticularlyinwinterandthatwedobyanoldkitchenrangewithcoalandwood."
Exercise
Directions:
Listentothepassageandfinditstopicsentence.
Thetopicsentenceis"
Theplaceitselfisextremelyprimitive."
SectionTwoListeningComprehension
Part1Dialogue
AHealthyLife
DrMartinAnswaywritesacolumninapopularwomen'
smagazineonhealthproblems.Heisalsoanexpertonheartdisease.
Q:
Isthereasecrettogoodhealth?
Imean,istheresomewaywecanachieveitwhichisnotgenerallyknown?
A:
Itcertainlyisn'
tasecret.However,thereisagreatdealofignorance,evenamongsupposedlyeducatedpeople,abouthowtobereasonablyhealthy.
Well,whatadvicedoyougive,then?
Vh...tobeginwith,takediet.IbelievethatoneofthegreatestdangerstohealthinBritainandothercountries...particularlydevelopedcountries...isthekindoffoodwetendtoprefer.
Suchas?
Suchasthatgreatnationalinstitution,theBritishbreakfast,forexample,hamandeggs.Orthekindoflunchsomanypeopleinthiscountryhave:
sausageandchips!
Oralltheconveniencefoodslikehamburgers.Oreventhingsweregardas"
healthy"
suchasfull-fatmilk.OrCheddarcheese.Thelistisendless.
What'
swrongwiththosethings?
Theexcessiveconsumptionofsuchthingsleadstotheoverproductionofcholesterol,whichinturnresultsinheartattack...
Excuseme,butwhatexactlyischolesterol?
It'
sa...wax-likesubstance...yellowish...andit'
sproducednaturallyinourlivers.Weallneedsomecholesterolforsurvival.
Well,ifweneedit,inwhatwayisitbadforus?
Toomuchofitisbadforus.Itbuildsupinourarteries,causingthemtogetnarrower,sothatourbloodsupplyhasdifficultyingettingthrough...andthis,ofcourse,caneventuallyendinaheartattackorstroke.ThepointI'
mtryingtomakehereisthat,eventhoughweallneedsomecholesterolinordertoinsulateournerves,andtoproducecellmembranesandhormones,thethingsmanyofuseatandevenconsiderhealthyleadtotheoverproductionofcholesterol.Andthisisverydangerous.
Howcanweavoidthisoverproductionofcholesterol?
Bycuttingdownourconsumptionofanimalfats:
thingslikeredmeat,cheese,eggs,andsoon.Andbyincreasingourconsumptionoffreshfruitandvegetables,andalsobyeatingmorepotatoes,rice,pastaandbread.
Pasta?
Potatoes?
But...aren'
tsuchthingsfattening?
Nonsense.Itisn'
tpasta,potatoesorbreadthatmakesusfat.It'
swhatweputonsuchthings!
Cheese,Butter,Meat!
Soanythingwelike,anythingthat'
sdelicious,isbadforus.Isn'
tthatwhatyou'
resaying?
Rubbish!
I'
msimplysayingweeattoomuchofthesethings.Andtherearemanywaysofpreparingdeliciousfoodwithoutusingsuchlargequantitiesofanimalfats.
Lastofall,whataboutexercise?
Yourecentlywarnedagainstcertainformsofexercise,whichyousaidcouldbedangerous.
WhatIsaidwasthatifpeoplearen'
tusedtogettingregularandvigorousexercise,theyshouldbeginslowly,andnottrytodotoomuchatthebeginning!
Ialsosaidthatcertaingames,suchassquash,canbedangerous,particularlyifyouaren'
tusedtoplayingthem.Anumberofinjuriesareduetosudden,twistingmovementsthatgameslikesquashinvolve.
Whatkindsofexercisedoyourecommend,then?
Gentlejogging,swimming,cycling,briskwalking...exercisethatisrhythmicandgentle,andaboveall,sustained.Thatis,doneforatleastfifteenminutesuninterruptedlyatleastthreetimesaweek.Weallneedsuchexercise,andthefactisthatfartoofewofusgetenoughofit,particularlyifweliveinlargecitiesandregularlyusecars.
Listentothedialogueandcompletethefollowinggrids.
A.Cholesterol
Definition
Ayellowish,wax-likesubstance,whichisproducednaturallyinourlivers.
Function
Weallneedsomecholesterolinordertoinsulateournerves,andtoproducecellmembranesandhormones.
Overproduction
Whencholesterolbuildsupinourarteries,itcausesthemtogetnarrower,sothatourbloodsupplyhasdifficultyingettingthroughandthiscaneventuallyendinaheartattackorstroke.
Howtoavoidthisoverproduction
Bycuttingdownourconsumptionofanimalfats:
thingslikeredmeat,cheese,eggs,andsoon.Andbyincreasingourconsumptionoffreshfruitandvegetables,andalsobyeatingmorepotatoes,rice,pastaandbread.
B.Exercise
Formsofexercisewarnedagainst
Anumberofinjuriesareduetosudden,twistingmovementsthatgameslikesquashinvolve.
Formsofexerciserecommended
Gentlejogging,swimming,cycling,briskwalking...exercisethatisrhythmicandgentle.
Thingstoberemembered
Exerciseshouldbesustained,thatis,doneforatleastfifteenminutesuninterruptedlyatleastthreetimesaweek.
Part2Passage
AgingofAmerica
1)Theimpendingcollisionbetweentheboomersandthenation'
sretirementsystemisnaturallycatchingtheeyeofpolicymakersandtheboomersthemselves.
2)RetirementincomesecurityintheUnitedStateshastraditionallybeenbasedontheso-calledthree-leggedstool:
SocialSecurity,privatepensions,andotherpersonalsaving.
3)Retirementplanningtakestime,andtheseissuesneedtobeaddressedsoonerratherthanlater.
4)Onefoundthatin1991themedianhouseholdheadedbya65-69-year-oldhadfinancialassetsofonly$14,000,butexpandingthemeasuretoincludeSocialSecurity,pensions,housing,andotherwealthboostsmedianwealthtoabout$270,000.
5)OnlyoneortwogenerationsofAmericanshavehadlengthyretirements,andthecrucialretirementissueskeepchangingrapidly,makinglong-termpredictionsevenharder.
TheBabyBoom*generation-theroughly76millionpeoplebornbetween1946and1964hasbeenreshapingAmericansocietyforfivedecades.Fromjammingthenation'
sschoolsinthe1950sand1960s,tocrowdinglabormarketsandhousingmarketsinthe1970sand1980s,toaffectingconsumptionpatternsalmostcontinuously,boomershavealteredeconomicpatternsandinstitutionsateachstageoftheirlives.Nowthattheleadingedgeofthegenerationhasturned50,theimpendingcollisionbetweentheboomersandthenation'
RetirementincomesecurityintheUnitedStateshastraditionallybeenbasedontheso-calledthree-leggedstool:
SocialSecurity,privatepensions,andotherpersonalsaving.SinceWorldWarIIthesystemhasservedtheelderlywell:
Thepovertyrateamongelderlyhouseholdsfellfrom35percentin1959to11percentin1995.
Arethebabyboomersmakingadequatepreparationsforretirement?
Inpart,theanswerdependsonwhatismeantby"
adequate"
.Onedefinitionistohaveenoughresourcestomaintainpre-retirementlivingstandardsinretirement.Aruleofthumb*oftenusedbyfinancialplannersisthatretireesshouldbeabletomeetthisgoalbyreplacing60-80percentofpre-retirementincome.Retiredhouseholdscanmaintaintheirpre-retirementstandardoflivingwithlessincomebecausetheyhavemoreleisuretime,fewerhouseholdmembers,andlowerexpenses.Taxesarelowerbecauseretireesescapepayrolltaxesandtheincometaxisprogressive.Andmortgageshave,forthemostpart,beenpaidoff.Onthe