电梯发展史Elevator historyWord格式.docx
《电梯发展史Elevator historyWord格式.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《电梯发展史Elevator historyWord格式.docx(12页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
Thomsondevelopedahydrauliclift,whosehydraulicdriveiswater.Despitetheliftingtoolbymanyrichinnovativeengineerstocontinuetoimprove,butarerecognisedbytheindustryofelevatorstilldoesnotappear,until1852,whentheworldfirstsafetyelevatorwasborn.
In1889,theliftbegantouseelectricpower,andtheelevatoractuallyappeared.Elevatorindrivecontroltechnologytothedevelopmentofdcmotordrivecontrol,acsinglespeedmotordrivecontrol,acdouble-speedmotordrivecontrol,dcdrivecontrolgear,gearlessspeed,acregulatingspeeddrivecontrol,acvariablevoltagevariablefrequencyadjustablespeeddrivecontrol,acpermanentmagnetsynchronousmotordrivecontrolwithfrequencyconversionspeedandsoonstage.
Attheendofthe19thcentury,theoperationperformanceoftheelevatorwassignificantlyimprovedbythepresenceofthedcelevatorcontrolledbytheward-Leonardsystem.Beganintheearly20thcentury,acinductionmotordriveelevator,then
slotwheel(i.e.,tractiontype)drivingtheelevatorinsteadofthedrummandreldrivenelevator,forlongstrokeandhighlysecurityofmodernelevatorlaidasolidfoundation.Inthefirsthalfofthe20thcentury,thedcspeedregulationsystemhadalargeproportioninmediumandhighspeedelevators.
In1967,thethyristorwasusedforelevatordriving,andtheacregulatingdrivecontrolelevatorappeared.In1983,thevariablefrequencyconversioncontrolelevatorappeared,becauseitsgoodspeedregulationperformance,comfortandenergysavingandothercharacteristicsquicklybecamethemainstreamproductsoftheelevator.
In1996,theacpermanentmagnetsynchronousno-geartractordriverwasintroduced,andtheelevatortechnologywasoncemoreinnovative.Becausethetractorandcontrolcabinetareplacedinthewellroad,theindependentmachineroomissaved,thebuildingcostissaved,theeffectiveareaofthebuildingisincreased,andthedesignfreedomofbuildingaestheticsisimproved.Theelevatoralsohasthecharacteristicsofenergysaving,oilfreepollution,freemaintenanceandsafety.
Thedevelopmenthistoryofhandingcontroloftheelevatorsandhandleswitchcontrol,pushbuttoncontrol,signalcontrolandcollectioncontrol,process,formorethanoneelevatorintheparallelcontrol,intelligentgroupcontrol.
Today,theworld'
selevatortoelevatorcompanyisalsoinconstantnewproductresearchanddevelopment,maintenanceservicesystemperfect,makeseveryefforttomeetpeople'
sgrowingtrafficdemandinmodernarchitecture.
Thesecondpartoftheworldelevatorindustryinrecentyears
InMay2000,schindlerelevatorcompanyreleasedtheEuroliftfreeroomelevator.ItUSESthehighstrengthnon-wireropecoresyntheticfibertowrope"
SchindlerAramid"
tractioncar.Permanentmagnetmotorisdrivenbygearlesstractor.Eachtowropeismadeupofabout300,000strandsoffinefiber,anditstowropeisfourtimeslighterthanthetraditionalrope.
Agraphitefiberconductorisembeddedintheropesothatitcanmonitortheslightwearandtearofthetractor.
InMay2000,accordingtoareportinElevatorWorld,ItalyMasperoelevatorcompanyinItalyBernandwinterHuaXueDeinstalledadiagonallineoftheelevator,capsulesininclinedshaftrunalongaguiderail,inclinedrampelevatorisakindofmeansoftransport.
In2000,OtisreleasedtheGen2noroomelevator.ItUSESflatwireropetoreinforcethecar,steelwireropereinforcedtape(theoutsideiswrappedinpolyurethane)flexible.Thegearlesstractorisslender,smallandeasytoinstallonthesteelbeamatthetopsideofthewell.
OnApril17~20,2002,mitsubishielectriccompanyexhibitedamodelofescalatoratthe5thChinainternationalelevatorexhibition.Thestructureofthedriverackwithretractableexpansioncanchangethespacingofthestepsatruntime,thusmakingthespeedchange.Thespeedofitsslantsegmentis1.5timesthespeedoftheentrancelevel,whichcanshortenthe
passenger'
stimeandimprovethesafetyandstabilityofthepassengerescalator.
In2002,theconstructionoftheTaipeiinternationalfinancialcenterbuilding,whichisexpectedtobecompletedin2004,willinstalla1010m/min(16.8m/s)super-highspeedelevatorattheJapaneseToshibaelevatorcompany.Theelevatorconnects1and89floorsofthesightseeinglayer,withaheightof388m.
InFebruary2003,OtisreleasedanewNextStep?
Escalator,itUSESGuarded?
Pedaldesign,stepandapronarethesinglemoduleofcoordinatedoperation;
Ithasalsoadoptedothernewtechnologiestoimprovethesafetyofescalators,andescalatortechnologyhasbeenupdated.
Sectioniiidevelopmenttrendsofelevatorindustryintheworld
One,willbecomethefuturedemandformachineroomlesselevatorelevatordevelopmentwindow,moredeveloperswillchoosemachineroomlesselevator,machineroomlesselevatorpricesare,especiallythefourthgenerationmachineroomlesselevatorofsafeandreliable,willbetobuyhotspots.Atthesametime,thecooperationbetweenelevatorenterpriseswillhaveabettertrend.
Second,sightseeingelevatorstylewillchangethesituation,inthepasthalfagardenanddiamondlikeWALESSplanesightseeingelevatoronlyontheoriginalpriceincreaseof8000yuanproductsaremorepopularwiththeusers,and1/4gardenWALESSmachineroomlessscenicelevatorcantomakethe
buildingdesignandconstructionofmoresimpleandlowercost,becomethefuturesightseeingelevatorgoodcatch.Forsightseeingelevatorstyleinthefuturewillincreasefromtwotofiveorsixkinds,allowstheusertochoosemoretouriststyle,andsatisfythelowuserstoselectsightseeingelevatorandthedemandofthesightseeingelevatorvilla.
3.Thediversityandcomprehensivecostofresidentialelevatorsarethetrendoffuturedevelopment.Inthefuture,thediversityoftheresidentialelevatorwillbeintheroomofthemachineroomandtheelevator.Thecheapelevatorandtheupscaleelevatorscoexist;
Commonresidentialelevatorandresidentialsightseeingelevatorcoexist.Interestsofdeveloperstodevelopatthesametime,intheelevatorshaftconstructiondesign,constructionandequipmentprocurementinstallationwillthingk,thereforenotonlycomparethepriceoftheelevatorequipment,andconsideringcostwillgraduallybecomechooseoneofthebasicrequirementsofresidentialelevators.
4.Infuture,theadvertisingcostsofelevatorenterpriseswillbeincreased.
Itwillalsoconsidermorepracticalandeffectiveadvertising.
Fivestandardizedproduction,theelevatorwilltakeeffectinsomeenterprises,throughstandardizedproductiontoreducetheproductioncostofserviceusers,improvethequalityofproductsisanothertrendinthedevelopmentofelevatorproducts,andthistrendislikelytostartfromChinatogoglobal.
Thequalityofinstallationandafter-salesservicewillbeanotherimportanttrendinthefuture,andattachingimportancetothetrainingoftheinstallationteamwillbeoneoftheimportantteachingprioritiesinthecomingyears.
Seven,atthesametime,Ithinksomeoftheoriginalfamousbrandinthefuturewillbethreatenedbytherisinghaveabrandnewtechnologyof,China'
selevatorindustrywillparticipateininternationalcompetition,moreandmoreinvestorswillsharethecakelift.
Theenergy-savingelevatoristhemaintrendofthedevelopmentinthecomingyears.Elevatorindustrydevelopmenttrendhasforcedachangeinthepurchasingtrend,updatepurchasingtrendwillalsoconformstotheprocurementneeds,forcedtheelevatorindustrydevelopmenttrendinthenextfewyearsbothindustrydevelopmentandpurchasingtrend,energysavingelevatorwillbecomethemainstreamtrend.
Section4developmenttrendofChineseelevatorindustry
InthethreedecadessincethefoundingofthePeople'
sRepublicofChina,about10,000elevatorswereinstallednationwide.Theseelevatorsaremainlydcelevatorsandactwo-speedelevators.Domesticelevatorproductionenterprisesabout10.
OnJuly4,1980,Chinaconstructionmachinerycorporation,Switzerlandschindlerco.,LTD.,HongKongjardineschindler(fareast)co.,LTD.,3jointventureChinaschindlerelevatorco.,LTD.Thisisthefirstjointventureofthemachinery
industrysincethereformandopeningup.ThejointventureincludesShanghaielectricelevatorplantandBeijingelectricelevatorplant.TheelevatorindustryinChinahassincestartedaboominforeigninvestment
AftertheintroductionofforeigncapitaltoentertheChineseelevatorindustryreallybigstageofdevelopment,China'
selevatorindustryafter80scansayisaforeigncapitalintroduction,thehistoryofthedevelopmentfromthepointoftheprocessofforeigninvestmentinChinaelevatorindustry,Chineseandforeignelevatorjointventureroughlyexperiencedthefollowingfourstagesofdevelopment:
sino-foreignjointventureChinaholdings,graduallybegantoforeignholdings,basicallcontrolledbytheforeignparty,astheforeignholdingsor