高一英语上册综合能力测评2文档格式.docx

高一英语上册综合能力测评2文档格式.docx

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BarbaraMcClintockwasoneofthemostimportantscientistsofthetwentiethcentury.Shemadeimportantdiscoveriesaboutgenesandchromosomes（染色体）．

BarbaraMcClintockwasbornin1902inHartford,Connecticut.HerfamilymovedtotheBrooklynareaofNewYorkCityin1908.Barbarawasanactivechildwithinterestsinsportsandmusic.Shealsodevelopedaninterestinscience.

ShestudiedscienceatCornellUniversityinIthaca,NewYork.Barbarawasamongasmallnumberofundergraduatestudentstoreceivetrainingingeneticsin1921.Yearslater,shenotedthatfewcollegestudentswantedtostudygenetics.

BarbaraMcClintockdecidedtostudybotany,thescientificstudyofplants,atCornellUniversity.Shecompletedherundergraduatestudiesin1923.McClintockdecidedtocontinuehereducationatCornell.Shecompletedamaster'

sdegreein1925.Twoyearslater,shefinishedallherrequirementsforadoctorate.

McClintockstayedatCornellaftershecompletedhereducation.Shetaughtstudentsbotany.The1930swasnotagoodtimetobeayoungscientistintheUnitedStates.ThecountrywasinthemiddleofthegreatDepression.MillionsofAmericanswereunemployed.Malescientistswereofferedjobs.Butfemalegeneticistswerenotmuchindemand.

AnoldfriendfromCornell,MarcusMortonRhoades,invitedMcClintocktospendthesummerof1941workingattheColdSpringHarbourLaboratory.ItisaresearchcentreonLongIsland,nearNewYorkCity.McClintockstartedinatemporaryjobwiththegeneticsdepartment.Ashorttimelater,sheacceptedapermanentpositionwiththelaboratory.Thisgaveherthefreedomtocontinueherresearchwithouthavingtoteachorrepeatedlyaskforfinancialaid.

Bythe1970s,herdiscoverieshavehadaneffectoneverythingfromgeneticengineeringtocancerresearch.McClintockwontheNobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicinein1983forherdiscoveryoftheabilityofgenestochangepositionsonchromosomes.ShewasthefirstAmericanwomantowinanunsharedNobelPrize.

1．WhendidMcClintockgetadoctoratedegree?

A．In1921.B．In1923.

C．In1925.D．In1927.

2．InthemiddleofthegreatDepressionintheUS,________．

A．malegeneticistswereingreatdemand

B．youngscientistsmighthavetroublefindingajob

C．femalegeneticistswerenotindemandatall

D．malescientistslosttheirjobsandwereoutofwork

3．WhichofthefollowingjobswasbeneficialtoMcClintock'

sresearch?

A．Ajobasabotanyteacher.

B．Atemporaryjobinthegeneticsdepartment.

C．Apermanentpositioninthelaboratory.

D．Ajobtoresearchcancer.

4．WhywasMcClintockawardedaNobelPrize?

A．Becauseshereceivedadegreeingenesandchromosomes.

B．Becauseshecontributedtogeneticengineeringandcancerresearch.

C．Becauseshemadeimportantdiscoveriesaboutgenesandchromosomes.

D．BecauseshewasthefirstAmericanwomanwhostudygenesandchromosomes.

B

LilianHanson,acollegestudent,expectstograduateinabouttwoyears.WhatmakesMrsHansondifferentfromherclassmatesisherage—73years.Shehasbeenstudyingatcollege,afewcoursesatatime,for27years.

WhenLilianHansongraduatedfromhighschool,shewenttothebanktoborrowmoneyforfurthereducation.Thebankergavehernoencouragement.Hedidn'

tthinkthatacountrygirlshouldborrowmoneytogotocollege.Hethoughtsheshouldbeathomedoingworkinthehouseoraroundthefarm.SoLilianHansonwenthomeandraisedafamilyofninechildreninsteadofgoingtocollege.

MrsHansonneverforgotherdreamofgettingahighereducation.Whenherchildrenhadgrownup,shetriedagain.Shefindsthehardestpartofgoingbacktoschoolatherageisthesittinginclassforlongperiodsoftime.Becausesheisnotasflexible（易适应的）assheusedtobe,MrsHansonoftengetsupandwalksaroundbetweenclassestokeepfromgettingstiff（僵硬的）.Atthebeginningofacourseinusingthecomputer,theotherstudentsallstoodandgaveherawarmwelcomewhensheintroducedherselfandexplainedwhyshewasthereandwhatheraimswere.

5．ThedifferencebetweenLilianandherclassmatesisthat________．

A．sheworksharderatherlessons

B．sheiseagertograduatefromcollege

C．sheismucholder

D．sheisacountrygirl

6．Lilianwasn'

tabletogotocollegeaftergraduationfromhighschoolbecause________．

A．shewantedtoteachherself

B．shegotmarried

C．shehadtolookafterherchildren

D．shehadn'

tenoughmoney

7．Thewriterwrotethepassageinordertoshowusthat________．

A．afriendinneedisafriendindeed

B．oneisnevertoooldtolearn

C．knowledgeispower

D．educationisofgreatimportance

8．Liliancouldgetahighereducationwhenshewasoldbecause________．

A．sheborrowedmoneyfromthebank

B．herhusbandandchildrenhelpedher

C．herclassmatesencouragedhertogetit

D．thereasonisn'

tmentionedinthepassage

C

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D．helpguitarbeginnerstoimprovetheirtechniques

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C．Adancerlover.D．AQiGonglover.

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A．$135B．$270C．$540D．$1，080

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A．$3.B．$6.C．$8.D．$12.

D

Whenothernineyearoldkidswereplayinggames,shewasworkingatapetrolstation.Whenotherteenagerswerestudyingorgoingout,shestruggledtofindaplacetosleeponthestreet.ButsheovercametheseterriblesetbackstowinahighlycompetitivescholarshipandgainedentryintoHarvardUniversity.Andheramazingstoryhasinspiredamovie，HomelesstoHarvard:

TheLizMurrayStory.

LizMurray,a22yearoldAmericangirl,hasbeenwritingareallifestoryofwillpoweranddetermination.Lizgrewupwithtwodrugaddictedparents.Therewasneverenoughfoodorwarmclothesinthehouse.Lizwastheonlymemberofthefamilywhohadajob.HermotherhadAIDSanddiedwhenLizwasjust15yearsold.Theeffectofthatlossbecameaturningpointinherlife.Connectingtheenvironmentinwhichshehadgrownupwithhowhermotherhaddied,shedecidedtodosomethingaboutit.

Lizwentbacktoschool.Shethrewherselfintoherstudies,nevertellingherteachersthatshewashomeless.Atnight,shelivedonthestreets.“Whatdrovemetoliveonhadsomethingtodowithunderstanding,byunderstandingthattherewasawholeotherwayofbeing.Ihadonlyexperiencedasmallpartofthesociety，”shewroteinherbookBreakingNight.

Sheadmittedthatsheusedenvytodriveherselfon.Sheusedthebenefitsthatcomeeasilytoothers,suchasasafelivingenvironment,toencourageherselfthat“nexttonothingcouldholdmedown”．ShefinishedhighschoolinjusttwoyearsandwonafullscholarshiptostudyatHarvardUniversity.ButLizdecidedtoleavehertopuniversityacoupleofmonthsearlierthisyearinordertotakecareofherfather,whohasalsodevelopedAIDS.“Ilovemyparentssomuch.Theyaredrugaddicts.ButIneverforgetthattheylovemeallthetime.”

Lizwantsfilmgoertocomeawaywiththeideathatchangingyourlifeis“assimpleasmakingadecision”．

13．InwhichorderdidthefollowingthingshappentoLiz?

a.HermotherdiedofAIDS.

b.Sheworkedatapetrolstation.

c.ShegotadmittedintoHarvardUniversity.

d.Themovieaboutherlifewasputon.

e.Shehadtroublefindingaplacetosleep.

A．b,a,e,c,dB．a,b,c,e,d

C．e,d,b,a,cD．b,e,a,d,c

14．Themainideaofthepassageis________．

A．howLizmanagedtoenterHa