一轮复习 高中语法专题之定语从句有答案文档格式.docx
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①Thisisanewbag（that/which/不填）Iboughtyesterday.
2Sheisthegirl（who/that/不填）Imetyesterday.
3Ihavemanyfriendsto（whom）Iamgoingtosendpostard.
前面有介词，用whom
做定语
1Ilikethesea（whose）windowlooksoutoverthesea.
2Mydeskmateisaboy（whose）skinissogood.
做表语
1Youarenotagirl（who/that/不填）wastwoyearsago.
“三步法”①寻找：
②分析：
③做表语时：
用which，that或不填
2.为了便于大家记忆，总结一下下表：
主语
宾语
定语
表语
指人
who,that
That,who,whom,/
whose
That,who,/
指物
Which,that
Which，that，/
Which,that,/
2.三步法：
①寻找：
找先行词
②还原：
把现行词还原到从句中看先行词做什么成分
③选填：
准确选填
1.
（1）Thisisthehouse__________theteacherwantedtobuy.
（2）Thisisthehouse___________afirebrokeoutlastyear.
解.:
（1）先将先行词thehouse还原到从句中Theteacherwantedtobuythehouse.句子完整,thehouse作buy的宾语,故填which或that,或省略.
（2）Thehouse还原到从句中Afirebrokeoutthehouselastyear.句子有误,brokeout是个不及物动词短语,故补缺加上in,句子才完整.而inthehouse在从句中作地点状语,故填关系副词where或inwhich.
2.
（1）Wewillneverforgetthedays_____wespentinthefactory.
（2）wewillneverforgetthedays_________weworkedinthefactory.
下次可千万别一看到地点名词就填where;
时间名词就填when哦!
技巧是:
看从句缺什么成分.（缺主语或宾语填关系代词,缺状语则填关系副词）
三、关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词代替先行词，在从句中做状语
时间：
when
地点：
where
原因：
why
①Ishallneverforgetthedays（which）Ispentinthatfactory.
Ishallneverforgetthedays（when）Iworkedinthatfactory.
3Thisisthefarm（that）Ivisitedtwoyearsago.
Thisisthefarm（where）Istayedtwoyearsago.
Visit是及物动词，后面缺少宾语
Stay是不及物动词，后面不缺宾语，farm是一个表示地点的名词，所以在从句中做地点状语
4Thisisthereason（that）Imistakethismorning.
Thisisthereason（why）Iwaslatethismorning.
Mistake是个及物动词
Iwaslatethismorning,句子成分完全
四、“介词+关系代词的结构”
①替where,在定语从句中在地点状语
Thisidthefarminwhich（=where）Istayedtwoyearsago.
②替when,在定语从句中在时间状语
Ishallneverforgetthedaysonwhich（=when）weworkedonthefarm
③替why在从句中做原因状语
Thisisthereasonforwhich（=why）Iwaslatethismorning.
④名词/代词+介词+关系代词的结构”
常见得结构有：
some/several/afew/alittle/many/more/most/thelargest…ofwhich/whom
Herearethequestions,someofwhichIthoughtdifficultforyou.
关系代词前介词的确定
ⅰ依据从句中的习惯搭配来确定
Iboughtagreatmanybooks,onwhichIspentallmymoneythatIsaved.
ⅱ依据先行词的习惯搭配来确定
IshallneverforgetthetimeduringwhichIspentmychildhoodinthecountry.
ⅲ依据表达的意思来确定
Thecolorlessgaswithoutwhichwecannotliveiscalledoxygen.
五、关系代词which和that的区别
★只用that不用which的用法（七大条）
①当先行词是all,much,little,few,something,anything,everything,none,nothing,等不定代词或是被不定代词修饰时。
Thereisnotmuch（that）oughttobedonerightnow.
当先行词是表语或是关系代词在从句中为表语时
Heisnottheman（that）hewas.
3当主句以here或是there开头时。
Hereisthehotel（that）you’vebeenlookingfor.
4当先行词有theonly,thesame,thevery,thelast等限定词修饰时。
Chattingistheonlything（that）interestedhermost.
5当先行词是序数词，形容词最高级或是被序数词或是被形容词的最高级修饰时
Thisisthebestfilm（that）I‘veeverseen.
6主句是以who或是which开头的特殊疑问句时。
Whoistheperson（that）isstandingatthegate.
7先行词同时是人又是物时。
Shetookphotographsofthethingsandpeople（that）shewasinterestedin.
★只用which不用that的情况
①在非限制性定语从句中
Hepassedtheexam,whichmademesurprise.
在介词后面
Ihavemanybooks,halfofwhichareaboutEnglish.
高考英语短文改错及语法填空分析与训练·
考点规律分析:
定语从句短文改错考点主要涉及定语从句引导词的误用、缺失以及多余；
语法填空主要考查根据先行词及上下文填合适的引导词。
定语从句单句改错之真题训练：
1.…inotherplacesyouarelimitedtoacertainnumber,ofthatsomemaybenovels.
2.Ialsoenjoyedtheeveningswhenwespenttogether.
3.IliveinBeijing,whereisthecapitalofChina.
4.Ihaveagoodfriendwho’snameisLiuMei.
5.ThedisheswhatIcookedwereMom’sfavorite.
定语从句单句改错之模拟训练：
1.Heisthemanhiscarwasstolen.
2.That’sthehotelwhichwewerestayinglastsummer.
3.That’sthepalacewherewevisitedlastsummer.
4.It’sreallyabeautifulplace,whereeveryonehopestovisit.
定语从句单句改错之提升训练：
1.Thisisthefactorywherewevisitedlastweek.
2.ThisisthewatchforwhichTomislooking.
3.ThepersontowhoyouspokeisastudentofGradeTwo.
4.Thehouseinthatweliveisverysmall.
5.Thesungivesofflightandwarmth,thatmakesitpossibleforplantstogrow.
6.I’vereadallthebookswhichIborrowedfromthelibrary.
7.ThisisthebestfilmwhichIhaveeverseen.
8.MyfatherandMr.Smithtalkedaboutthingsandpersonswhotheyrememberedinthecountry.
9.Everythingwhichwesawwasofgreatinterest.
10.Hisdog,thatwasnowveryold,becameillanddied.
11.Thereasonwhichhedidn’tgotoschoolisthathewasill.
12.Thosewhowantstogowithmeputupyourhands.
13.Theboy,hismotherdiedlastyear,studiesveryhard.
14.Ihavetwosisters,bothofthemaredoctors.
15.We’regoingtovisittheschoolwhereyourbrotherworksthere.
16.HeistheonlyoneofthestudentswhohavebeeninvitedtotheEnglishEvening.
17.Thatisthewaywhichtheywork.
18.Thosehavequestionscanasktheteachersforadvice.
19.Whoisthemanwhohaswhitehairs?
20.Iwillneverforgetthedayswhichwehadagoodtimetogetheratthesea.
定语从句单句改错之真题训练：
1.that改为which，因介词后要用which来引导定语从句
2.去掉when或将when改为that，因这里的定语从句中谓语动词（spent）缺宾语，故只能用关系代词that或将其省略
3.where改为which，因此处要填关系代词作主语
4.who’s改为whose，因who’s=whois，不仅结构错误，而且意思也不通；
whose引导定语从句，表示“……的”
1.his改为whose，whose在此引导定语从句。
2.which改为where，where引导定语从句且在从句中用作状语；
此题还可在staying后加in。
3.where改为which/that，也可去掉where，因visit为及物动词，此处应用关系代词作其宾语（也可省略）。
4.where改为which，which在此引导非限定性定语从句，且在从句中用作宾语（用作visit的宾语）。
5．what→which/that或去掉what 考查定语从句，并在从句中作宾语，指物，用关系代词that/which，也可省略。
定语从句单句改错之提升训练：
1.where→that/which或去掉where。
2.把for放在looking之后。
英语中,有些短语动词,介词或副词不可与动词相分离。
又如:
lookafter,runinto等。
3.who→whom。
尽管在口语中who,whom都能作宾语,但在介词后只能用whom。
4.that→which。
5.that→which。
that不可以引导非限制性定语从句。
6.which→that或去掉which。
当先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little等修饰时,常用that引导定语从句。
7.which→that或去掉which。
当先行词被序数词、形容词的最高级或theonly,thevery等所修饰时,常用that引导定语从句。
8.who→that。
如果先行词既指人又指物时,常用that引导定语从句。
9.which→that或去掉which。
当先行词为something, anything,everything,nothing,all等时,常由that引导定语从句。
10.that→which。
11.which→why/which前加for或去掉which。
12.wants→want。
定语从句中谓语动词的数应与先行词一致。
13.his→whose。
14.them→whom或both前加and。
15.去掉there。
16.have→has。
当oneof+名词复数作先行词时,从句的谓语用复数;
但是当one前有the（only）时,从句谓语要用单数。
17.which→that/which前加in或去掉which。
18.Those后加who。
19.第二个who→that。
当主句是以who或which开头的疑问句时,定语从句常用that引导,以避免重复。
20.which→when或which前加in。
综合训练
七选五
Thewayyouspendyourmorningcanaddacertainflavortotherestofyourday.Herearesomehealthylifestylehabitstostartyourdayinabetterway.
ListentoMusic.
（1）____Listeningtomusicasyougetreadyandstartyourdaywillcreatepositiveenergyandasoothingsenseofpeace.Musiccanpormoteotherhealthylifestylehabits,addingasenseofpeacetoayogaworkout,puttingaspringinyoursteponamorningwalk,orrefreshyourmind.
（2）____
Manypeopleshowerinthemorningthoughweoftenrushthroughit.Whynottakeafewextraminutestotakeashower?
Asyouletthewarmwaterloosenyourmuscles,thinkaboutthechallengesthatlieahead,focusonwhatyouhavetobegratefulforinlife,andrememberthiswarmfeeling.
（3）____
Forthoseofyouwhostartthedayonacakeandcoffee,readthis!
Breakfastisknownasthemostimportantmealofthedayforaverygoodreason:
Ahealthymealinthemorningcanbalanceyourbloodsugarlevelsandgiveyouthenutrientsyouneedtohandlephysicalandmentalstress.Besuretohaveplentyofproteinandfruit,notjustjunkfood!
KeepYourJournal!
Journalinghasmanyhealthbenefitsandcanleadtoincreasedself-awareness.Takeafewminutestofocusonwhatyouhopetoachieve.（4）____Writingonceadaycanhelpyoufeelfocused,processnegativeemotions,andsolveproblems.
MorningWalk.
（5）____Amorningwalkcangetyoureadyforyourday,helpyousleepbetteratnightandloweryourstresslevel,andreduceyourriskofnumeroushealthconditions.
A.Relaxintheshower
B.EataBalancedBreakfast.
C.Don’tskipyourbreakfast.
D.Takingphysicalexerciseregularlyisagoodwaytokeepfit.
E.Musiccanreducestressandhaveapositiveeffectonhealth.
F.Youcanjustwriteaboutwhatyouaregratefulforrightnow.
G.Manypeoplewalkinthemorningbecauseofitshealthbenefits.
1—5EABFG
语法填空
Dawngraduatedseveralyearsago.She
（1）______（be）asuccessfulmodel,andfindingajobhadnotbeena
（2）______—untilrecently.
WhenDawndidstarttryingtofindanothertypeof（3）______,shefoundininterviewafterinterviewthatcomputerliteracy（能力）wasamustto（4）______（employ）.
SinceDawnhadalwaysbeenafraid（5）______learningcomputerwhileincollege—ourschooldidn’trequiretolearncomputeratthattime—shemanagedtogetadegree（6）______everconfronting（面对）acomputer.
Finally,aftermonthsofsearchingforajob,Dawnfailed.Shehadtoadmitthatsidestepping（回避）computerliteracy（读写能力）hadn’tbeenagoodidea.（7）______,sheenrolledinacomputercourseat（8）______adultvocationalschool.
（9）_______（surprise）,althoughshehadbeenafraidoflearningcomputer,shetooktocomputers（10）______muchthatafteraboutayearsheopenedherowncomputer-basedbusiness.
1.hadbeen.2.problem3.job4.employment
5.of6.without7.Therefore/Thus8.an
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