考研英语二真题无答案答案网上搜索Word下载.docx

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　　Whilesuchnumericalstandardsseem9,theyarenot.Obesityisprobablylessamatterofweightthanbodyfat.SomepeoplewithahighBMIareinfactextremelyfit,10otherswithalowBMImaybeinpoor11.Forexample,manycollegiateandprofessionalfootballplayers12asobese,thoughtheirpercentagebodyfatislow.Conversely,someonewithasmallframemayhavehighbodyfatbuta13BMI.

　　Todaywehavea（n）14tolabelobesityasadisgrace.Theoverweightaresometimes15inthemediawiththeirfacescovered.Stereotypes16withobesityincludelaziness,lackofwillpower,andlowerprospectsforsuccess.Teachers,employers,andhealthprofessionalshavebeenshowntoharborbiasesagainsttheobese.17veryyoungchildrentendtolookdownontheoverweight,andteasingaboutbodybuildhaslongbeenaprobleminschools.

　Negativeattitudestowardobesity,18inhealthconcerns,havestimulatedanumberofanti-obesity19.Myownhospitalsystemhasbannedsugarydrinksfromitsfacilities.Manyemployershaveinstitutedweightlossandfitnessinitiatives.MichelleObamahaslaunchedahigh-visibilitycampaign20childhoodobesity,evenclaimingthatitrepresentsourgreatestnationalsecuritythreat.

1.A.deniedB.concludedC.doubledD.ensured

2.A.protectiveB.dangerousC.sufficientD.troublesome

3.A.InsteadB.HoweverC.LikewiseD.Therefore

4.A.indicatorB.objectiveC.originD.example

5.A.impactB.relevanceC.assistanceD.concern

6.A.intermsofB.incaseofC.infavorofD.inrespectof

7.A.measuresB.determinesC.equalsD.modifies

8.A.inessenceB.incontrastC.inturnD.inpart

9.A.complicatedB.conservativeC.variableD.straightforward

10.A.soB.whileC.sinceD.unless

11.A.shapeB.spiritC.balanceD.taste

12.A.startB.qualifyC.retireD.stay

13.A.strangeB.changeableC.normalD.constant

14.A.optionB.reasonC.opportunityD.tendency

15.A.employedB.picturedC.imitatedD.monitored

16.A.comparedB.combinedC.settledD.associated

17.A.EvenB.StillC.YetD.Only

18.A.despisedB.correctedC.ignoredD.grounded

19.A.discussionsB.businessesC.policiesD.studies

20.A.forB.againstC.withD.without

SectionIIReadingComprehension

PartA

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET.（40points）

Text1

Whatwouldyoudowith＄590m?

ThisisnowaquestionforGloriaMackenzie,an84-year-oldwidowwhorecentlyemergedfromhersmall,tin-roofedhouseinFloridatocollectthebiggestundividedlotteryjackpotinhistory.Ifshehopeshernew-foundfortunewillyieldlastingfeelingsoffulfillment,shecoulddoworsethanreadHappyMoneybyElizabethDunnandMichaelNorton.

　　Thesetwoacademicsuseanarrayofbehavioralresearchtoshowthatthemostrewardingwaystospendmoneycanbecounterintuitive.Fantasiesofgreatwealthofteninvolvevisionsoffancycarsandextravaganthomes.Yetsatisfactionwiththesematerialpurchaseswearsofffairlyquickly.Whatwasonceexcitingandnewbecomesold-hat;

regretcreepsin.Itisfarbettertospendmoneyonexperiences,sayMsDunnandMrNorton,likeinterestingtrips,uniquemealsorevengoingtothecinema.Thesepurchasesoftenbecomemorevaluablewithtime—asstoriesormemories—particularlyiftheyinvolvefeelingmoreconnectedtoothers.

　　Thisslimvolumeispackedwithtipstohelpwageslavesaswellaslotterywinnersgetthemost“happinessbangforyourbuck.”Itseemsmostpeoplewouldbebetteroffiftheycouldshortentheircommutestowork,spendmoretimewithfriendsandfamilyandlessofitwatchingtelevision（somethingtheaverageAmericanspendsawhoppingtwomonthsayeardoing,andishardlyjollierforit）.Buyinggiftsorgivingtocharityisoftenmorepleasurablethanpurchasingthingsforoneself,andluxuriesaremostenjoyablewhentheyareconsumedsparingly.ThisisapparentlythereasonMacDonald’srestrictstheavailabilityofitspopularMcRib—amarketingtrickthathasturnedtheporksandwichintoanobjectofobsession.

ReadersofHappyMoneyareclearlyaprivilegedlot,anxiousaboutfulfillment,nothunger.Moneymaynotquitebuyhappiness,butpeopleinwealthiercountriesaregenerallyhappierthanthoseinpoorones.Yetthelinkbetweenfeelinggoodandspendingmoneyonotherscanbeseenamongrichandpoorpeoplearoundtheworld,andscarcityenhancesthepleasureofmostthingsformostpeople.Noteveryonewillagreewiththeauthors’policyideas,whichrangefrommandatingmoreholidaytimetoreducingtaxincentivesforAmericanhomebuyers.Butmostpeoplewillcomeawayfromthisbookbelievingitwasmoneywellspent.

21.AccordingtoDunnandNorton,whichofthefollowingisthemostrewardingpurchase?

　A.Abighouse.B.Aspecialtour.

　C.Astylishcar.D.Arichmeal.

22.Theauthor’sattitudetowardAmericans’watchingTVis________.

　A.criticalB.supportive

　C.sympatheticD.ambiguous

23.McRibismentionedinParagraph3toshowthat__________.

　A.consumersaresometimesirrationalB.popularityusuallycomesafterquality

　C.marketingtricksareaftereffectiveD.raritygenerallyincreasespleasure

24.Accordingtothelastparagraph,HappyMoney___________.

A.hasleftmuchroomforreaders’criticism

B.mayprovetobeaworthwhilepurchase

C.haspredictedawiderincomegapintheus

D.maygiveitsreadersasenseofachievement

25.Thistextmainlydiscusseshowto___________.

　A.balancefeelinggoodandspendingmoney

　B.spendlargesumsofmoneywoninlotteries

　C.obtainlastingsatisfactionfrommoneyspent

D.becomemorereasonableinspendingonluxuries

Text2

　　AnarticleinScientificAmericahaspointedoutthatempiricalresearchsaysthat,actually,youthinkyou’remorebeautifulthanyouare.Wehaveadeep-seatedneedtofeelgoodaboutourselvesandwenaturallyemployanumberofself-enhancingstrategiestoresearchintowhattheycallthe“above-averageeffect”,or“illusorysuperiority”,andshownthat,forexample,70%ofusrateourselvesasaboveaverageinleadership,93%indrivingand85%atgettingonwellwithothers—allobviouslystatisticalimpossibilities.

　　Werose-tintourmemoriesandputourselvesintoself-affirmingsituations.Webecomedefensivewhencriticised,andapplynegativestereotypestootherstoboostourownself-esteem,westalk（strut）aroundthinkingwe’rehotstuff.

PsychologistandbehavioralscientistNicholasEpleyoversawakeystudyintoself-enhancementandattractiveness.Ratherthanhavepeoplesimplyratetheirbeautycomparedwithothers,heaskedthemtoidentifyanoriginalphotographofthemselvesfromaline-upincludingversionsthathadbeenalteredtoappearmoreandlessattractive.Visualrecognition,readsthestudy,is“anautomaticpsychologicalprocess,occurringrapidlyandintuitivelywithlittleornoapparentconsciousdeliberation”.Ifthesubjectsquicklychoseafalsely-flatteringimage—whichmostdid—theygenuinelybelieveditwasreallyhowtheylooked.

Epleyfoundnosignificantgenderdifferenceinresponses.Norwasthereanyevidencethatthosewhoself-enhancedthemost（thatis,theparticipantswhothoughtthemostpositively-doctoredpictureswerereal）weredoingsotomakeupforprofoundinsecurities.Infact,thosewhothoughtthattheimageshigheruptheattractivenessscalewerereal,directlycorrespondedwiththosewhoshowedothermakersforhavinghigherself-esteem.

“Idon’tthinkthefindingsthatwehaveareanyevidenceofpersonaldelusion,”saysEpley.“It’sareflectionsimplyofpeoplegenerallythinkingwellofthemselves”.Ifyouaredepressed,youwon’tbeself-enhancing.

KnowingtheresultsofEpley’sstudy,itmakessensethatmanypeoplehatephotographsofthemselvessoviscerally—ononelevel,theydon’tevenrecognisethepersoninthepictureasthemselves.Facebook,therefore,isaself-enhancer’sparadise,wherepeoplecanshareonlythemost（flukiestof）flatteringphotos,thecreamoftheirwit,style,beauty,intellectandlifestyle.“It’snotthatpeople’sprofilesaredishonest,”saysCatalinaTomaofWisconsin-Madisonuniversity,“buttheyportrayanidealizedversionofthemselves.”

26.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,socialpsychologisthavefoundthat______.

　A.ourself-ratingsareunrealisticallyhigh

　B.illusorysuperiorityisbaselesseffect

　C.ourneedforleadershipisunnatural

　D.self-enhancingstrategiesareineffective

27.Visualrecognitionisbelievedtobepeople’s______.

　A.rapidwatchingB.co