广东省深圳市深圳高三下学期第三次模拟英语试题Word版含答案高考Word格式.docx
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Therearehundredsandthousandsofuniversitiesintheworld.Eachofthemstrivestoofferthebesteducationtoitsstudentsandinsuretheirall-arounddevelopment.Herearethetopfour.
MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT),theUnitedStates
Thisisaprivateuniversityestablishedin1861.Ithasbeenonthetopofthelistforyearswhenitcomestothebestuniversitiesintheworld.Itscoreswellonalltheaspects—theacademicstandards,infrastructure,management,facultymembers,extra-curricularactivitiesandstudentengagement.MITalsoprovidesfinancialaidforstudentsinneed.SomeofthetopcompaniesincludingGoogleandAmazonlookforwardtohiringgraduatesandpostgraduatesfromthisuniversity.
StanfordUniversity,theUnitedStates
Thisisaprivateresearchuniversityestablishedbackintheyear1885byLelandStanfordandJaneStanfordwhoaimedtomemorizetheirson.Itisknownforitsexcellentacademics.Asmanyas19NobelwinnersareknowntobeassociatedwithStanford.Ithasahugecampuswitharound700buildings.
HarvardUniversity,theUnitedStates
Thisisaprivatenon-profituniversity.Itisoneoftheoldestandmostprestigiousuniversitiesaroundtheworld.LocatedinCambridgeandBoston,Massachusetts,itwasestablishedbackintheyear1636.ItwasnamedafterJohnHarvardwhowasitsfirstdonor.Thousandsofstudentsgraduatefromthisuniversityeachyear.
UniversityofOxford,theUnitedKingdom
ThisisapublicresearchuniversitylocatedinEngland.Thereisnocleardateoffoundation,butteachingexistedatOxfordinsomeformin1096.Itissaidtobethesecondoldestuniversityintheworldthathascontinuedoperationoverthecenturies.Theuniversitygrewrapidlyfrom1167.Itiscontinuallybeingimprovedandenhancedatvariouslevels.
1.WhatisspecialaboutMITaccordingtothepassage?
A.MITtriestopromoteall-arounddevelopmentofthestudents.
B.MITgraduatestendtoworkinGoogleandAmazon.
C.MITofferseconomichelptostudentsinneed.
D.MITscoreswellonallacademicsubjects.
2.WhatdoStanfordUniversityandHarvardUniversityhaveincommon?
A.BothofthemcultivateoutstandingtalentstowintheNobelPrize.
B.Bothofthemhaveahugecampusandplentyofbuildings.
C.Bothofthemwerenamedafteranimportantperson.
D.Bothofthemareprivatenon-profituniversities
3.Whichuniversityhasthelongesthistory?
A.MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology.B.StanfordUniversity.
C.HarvardUniversity.D.UniversityofOxford.
【答案】1.C2.C3.D
B
Fridaynight,Iwasstrugglingtochooseagoodmovietowatch.Ispent20minuteslookingthroughhundredsofchoicesatAmazonVideoandstillcouldn’tdecide.Inthebackofmymind,IwasthinkingthatIhadtochooseagreatmovietowatch,becauseifdidn’tIwouldbewastingmytime.Ithoughtthatinsteadofwatchingabadmovie,Iwouldbebetteroffusingmytimeinamoremeaningfulway(Iseethisasanopportunitycost).Afterseeingthereviewsandaskingaroundforsuggestions,endedupwatchingLaLaLand,apopularmoviethatmostofmyfriendshaveseenrecently.
ThenextdayIwenttoDuaneReadetobuytoothpasteandwasoverwhelmedagainbythelargequantityofthechoice.Istartedwonderingifmorechoicesempowerconsumersorjustmakethemthinktheyareempowered,wheninrealitytheyarejustataloss.
Fromfindingagoodrestauranttosearchingforyourlifepartner,everythingisallaboutchoices;
bigorsmall,theyareallrelated.TakedatinglifeinNewYorkforexample.ThereareanendlessrangeofchoiceswhichcanleadtomanyNewYorkersfindingithardtomakeadecision.Itisabigcitywithalotoflonely“Icoulddobetter”peoplethatareconstantlysearchingforthenextbestone.
Itdoesn’tcontradictwithprovidingpeoplechoicesandinformationtoempowerthem,asthereisdifferencebetweenhavingareasonablenumberofchoicesandanoverwhelmingamount.Whenweareoverwhelmedwiththenumberofchoiceswehave,weenduplesssatisfiedwiththechoicewemake.Youmightcalculatetheopportunitycostandthinkabout“whatif”.
I’vestartedtorealizethatlivingalifewithsimplicitycansometimesbeachallenge,butitiscertainlyworthit.
4.Whydidthewriterfindithardtochooseamovietowatch?
A.Hethoughtwatchingabadmoviewasn’tmeaningful.
B.Hedidn’tknowwhichmovieswerepopularamonghisfriends.
C.Hefounditchallengingtochoosefromsomanychoices
D.Hebelieveditawasteoftimetolookthroughhundredsofchoices.
5.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?
A.Livingasimplelifeisalwayschallenging.
B.Morechoicesmayleadtodissatisfactionwithourdecision.
C.NewYorkerstendtobediscontentedtheirdatingpartner.
D.Opportunitycostiswhatweshouldconsiderwhenmakingadecision.
6.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardstheendlesschoicespresentedtohim?
A.Positive.B.Neutral.C.Unconcerned.D.Negative
7.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage?
A.LessisBetter
B.MakeYourChoiceGoad
C.MoreChoices,MoreOpportunities
D.SimpleisBetter,LessisMore
【答案】4.C5.B6.D7.D
C
Whenwe’vegotchildren,it’stypicalofustogivecarefulthoughttohowmuchTVthechildrenarewatchingandexposedto.ArewebeingoverprotectiveabouttheeffectrealityTVishavingonourchild?
Theansweris“No”.Orrather,there’sincreasingevidencethattheseprogramscanhaveaprofoundinfluenceonyoungpeople.
ArecentresearchindicatesthatsomerealityTVshowscanbeasdamagingforteenagegirlsastoomanycartoonsareforkids.ThetruthisthatrealityTVisanythingbutreality—butthat’snotnecessarilywhatourchildrenbelieve.AstudyfortheGirlScoutResearchInstituteintheUSfoundthateightoutoftengirlsagedbetween11and17whoregularlywatchrealityshowsbelievetheseprogramsdescribereallife.Infact,muchofrealityTVisaheavilymanipulated(操纵)viewofwhat’sreallyhappening,andtheworstofitstrengthensthesortoffemalestereotypeswomenhavespentdecadestryingtoremove.
ManyofthewomenonrealityTVshowsareactingoutlivesasteenagemothersordramaqueens.Strong,hard-working,purposefulyoungwomenwithambitionsbeyondtheirlooksarerareintheseprograms.There’sawidespreademphasisonthevalueofwomenconcerninghowtheylookanddress,whichgivesyoungviewersthemessagethatbeingawomanisallaboutstyleandappearance,notwhatyoudoorstandfor.ImranSiddiquee,DirectorofSocialMediaandOutreach,isconcernedthattheseprogramsshowtheworststereotypesofwomanhoodand“normalize”theminwhatappeartobeeverydaysettings.“Theyoffersuchalimitedviewofwhatitistobeawoman,andallovertheworldyounggirlsareaddictedtoit,”hesays.
Weshouldencourageourchildrentobecriticalthinkers.WhetherrealityTVischangingourchildren’sviews,orwhethertheyareattractedtoprogramsthatagreewiththeirbeliefs,it’svitalwethattheirviewinghabitscouldstrengthentheseunbalancedideas.
8.Whoisthispassagemostprobablyintendedfor?
A.Generalpublic.B.Teenagegirls.C.TVproducers.D.Parents.
9.WhatistheproblemwitharealityTVshow?
A.Itscontentsandviewsareratherunreal.
B.Ithasremovedtheusualfemalestereotypes.
C.Itscontentsandviewsareratherartificial.
D.Itoveremphasizesyoungwomen’sambitions
10.AccordingtoImranSiddquee,whatshouldrealityTVshowspresent?
A.Tipsonhowtobecomefashionableyounggirls.
B.Genuinereflectionsoffemalesandtheirwork.
C.DistinctionbetweentruelifeandTVdramas
D.Waystogainmorepopularityamongpeers.
11.whatisthetextmainlyabout?
A.RealityTVshows’impactonyounggirlsandparent’sguidance.
B.SituationswhereteenagersareattractedtocertainTVprograms.
C.Thewaytohelpchildrentohavethehabitofcriticalthinking.
D.ThestereotypesofwomenonTVandaudience’sreactions
【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.A
D
In2016inanIllinoistowncalledCahokia,awomanwassenttoprisonjustbecauseshefailedtotendherlawn(草坪).In2019,aFloridamanwasfined$30,000bythecityofDunedinforallowinghisgrasstogrowmorethan10inchesinheight.Theseexamples,whileextreme,arenotrareoccurrenceinAmerica.
Astudyestimatedthatturfgrasses(lawns,parks,athleticfields,etc)coverover40millionacresinthecontinentalU.S.,anarealargerthananycroparea.AndAmericansspendasmuchas$60billionayearmaintainingthesegrasses.TheseimpressivedataaretheresultofAmericans’settingmuchstorebythesepiecesofgreeneryforseveralcenturies.
Centuriesago,onlythosewithconsiderablewealthcouldowntheresourcesneededtomaintainthesedisplays.Inthemodernworld,lawnshavegraduallychangedfromtheestatesofthewealthytothefrontyardsofcommonpeople.AcrossAmerica,millionsoffamiliesnowproudlypresenttheirgrasstotheirneighborsanddriversbycarefullyweeding,watering,fertilizingandmowingthesesmall-scalerepresentationsofthegrounds.
Withthiscontextinmind,it’seasytoseewell-tendedlawnsinAmerica.Peopletendtouselawnstocreateanimpressionoforderortoindicateasenseofpersonalsuccess.Therelativehealthandattractivenessofthegrassintheiryardbecomesabarometer(晴雨表)fortheirlifeaswhole.
However,withsomanyacrescoveredbythegrass,theinfluenceassociatedwithlawnmaintenanceismorethanjustpsychological.Tobegin,alawnrequiresmassivequantitiesofresourcestosustain.TheU.S.DepartmentofAgricultureestimatesthatlawnsaccount