有关陕北窑洞资料Word文档格式.docx
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由于自然环境、地貌特征和地方风土的影响,窑洞形成各式各样的形式。
但从建筑的布局结构形式上划分可归纳为靠崖式、下沉式和独立式三种形式。
陕北延安窑洞,其中夹杂着窑洞式平顶房。
窑洞是自然图景和生活图景的有针对传统在陕西省北部地区窑洞,基于窑洞及其开发环境,本文分析了窑洞建筑特点和使用价值及其发展陕西北部,然后指出,窑洞发展被减少到一个尴尬局面。
利用SWO分析方法,优势,劣势,机会和威胁的山洞被总结。
在优势方面,窑洞的生态优势为本地建筑,建于根据当地条件,解决土地、能源和环境问题在黄土高原,和丰富的美学价值本机功能。
的弱点,村庄布局缺乏完整性,交通不方便室内通风和照明不足,simpl模式和空间机结合,渗透着人们对黄土地的热爱和眷恋之情。
窑洞防火,防噪音,冬暖夏凉,既节省土地,又经济省工,确是因地制宜的完美建筑形式。
人们利用黄土的特性,挖洞造室修成的窑洞叫土窑洞,一般深7—8米,高3
米多,宽3米左右,最深的可达20米。
窗户有两种,一种是1平方米左右的小方窗;
另一种是约3—4平方米的圆窗。
其特点是冬暖夏凉。
用石头作建筑材料,深7—9米,宽、高皆为3米左右的石拱洞,叫石窑洞。
砖窑的式样、建筑方法和石窑洞一样,外表美观。
一院窑洞一般修3孔或5孔,中窑为正窑,有的分前后
窑,有的1进3开。
窑洞一般修在山腰或山脚下的向阳之处,窑洞上面的脑畔多栽树木和花草Caves,isauniquelocal-styledwellinghousesformonloessplateauinnorthernChina,istheancestoroftheChinesepeoplelive
incaves,breedingandgrowingup.CaveTuYaoDong,brickstonecave,cave,cave,soilbasewillowrafterLiuBaZicaveandcutcavevariety.Cave
istheproductoftheloessplateau,asymbolofnorthernshaanxifarmers.Here,deposittheancientpeoplecreatedthedeepculturebackgroundof
shanbeicaveart(folkart).Inthepast,afarmerworkedhardlife,themostbasicwishistobuildafewholecaves.Thekilntookawifeis
ahomemade.Manduginthebackground,womeninTuYaoDonghouseworkandchildren.Asmallcaveenrichmentofanotheramorousfeelings.YiErBaimeters,waterseepage,orthostaticstrongloessextremelyhard,forthecavedevelopmentprovidesagoodpremise.Atthesametime,theclimateisdrylittlerain,wintercoldandlessnaturalconditionssuchaslumber,
alsoiswarminwinterandcoolinsummer,
InviewoftraditionalhouseinnorthernareaofShaanxiProvincewhichwascavedwelling,basedoncavedwellinganditsdevelopmentenvironment,thepaperhadanalyzedarchitecturalcharacteristicsandusevalueofcavedwellinganditsdevelopmentinnorthernShaanxi,andthenpointedoutthatcavedwellingdevelopmenthadbeenreducedintoanawkwardsituation.ByusingSWOTanalysismethod,thestrengths,weaknesses,opportunitiesandthreatsofcavedwellingshadbeensummarized」ntermsofstrengths,cavedwellinghadecologicaladvantageasnativearchitecture,wasconstructedbasedonlocalconditions,couldsolveIand,energyandenvironmentproblemsonLoessPlateau,andaboundedinaestheticvalueofnativefeature.Intermsofweaknesses,villagelayoutlackedofintegrity,transportationwasnotconvenient,indoorventilationandlightingwereinsufficient,andpatternandspaceweresimplifiedandstereotyped.Intermsofopportunities,itstressedarchitecturalecologyhavingreceivedmoreandmoreattentionintheworld,andexplorationandapplicationofundergroundcivilarchitecture.Intermsofthreats,itliedinconstructiontechnologyofcavedwelling,contradictionbetweencavedwellingandurbanizationandbetweencavedwellingandmodernlife,andmanagementmodeofrestrictedtype.Onthisbasis,itsuggestedthatcavedwellingdevelopmentinnorthernShaanxishouldtransformpeople'
straditio-nalconceptthroughcorrectguidaneeofpublicvoice;
strivetoeliminateweaknessofcavedwelling;
improvecaveenvironmentbyenhancinginfrastructureconstruction;
developcharacteristiccavedwellingculturaltourisminnorthernShaanxi,andconstructnewsocialistcountrysideofnorthernShaanxicharacter.
针对传统在陕西省北部地区窑洞,基于窑洞及其开发环境,本文分析了窑洞建筑特点和使用价值及其发展陕西北部,然后指出,窑洞发展被减少到一个尴尬局面。
的弱点,村庄布局缺乏完整性,交通不方便室内通风和照明不足,simpl模式和空间
【作者单位】:
渭南师范学院化学与生命科学学院资源环境系;
Ineachcavetheyconstructedfivesimplebeds.
他们在每间窑洞里做了5个简单的床2.
Manyyearsagopeoplepractisedblackmagicinthosecaves.a很多年以前,人们在那些窑洞里耍妖术。
3.
Fromthiscave-roomthechairmandirectedtheworkofourParty.®
主席在这间窑洞指导我们全党的工作。
4.
InspirationtoModernArchitecture
withCave-houseinNorthernShanxi;
陕北窑洞民居对现代建筑设计的启示
5.
TheImplicationofEcologicalEsthetics
andHarmoniousPotentialofCave-dwellinginNorthShaanxi;
陕北窑洞的生态美学意蕴与和谐潜质
6.
LifeinShanbeisCave-houses:
History,
inheritaneeandchange;
Q
陕北人的窑洞生活:
历史、传承与变迁
7.
ResearchandtheProtectionofWubu
AncientCaveSettlementPatterne
吴堡窑洞古城聚落形态的研究与保护
8.
Theircave-stylenewhomesstoodinrowsinthehillslope.®
他们的窑洞式新房一排排地立在山坡上。
9.
Thestormhavingdestroyedtheirhut,
theyhadtoliveinacave.a
雷雨把他们的棚子冲坏了,他们只好住在窑洞里.
Asmallcaveistheonlyrefugefromthecold邸
一个小窑洞是抵御寒冷的唯一藏身之处
11.
Batchesofbacterialfertilizercontinuedtobeshippedoutfromthis"
caveplant"
.
成批的菌肥继续从这个“窑洞工厂”往外
12.
Wequicklywashedupandsatdowninfrontofourcave-homes,spinning.
我们匆忙洗一洗,然后就在窑洞前坐下纺起线来。
13.
HaveyouevervisitedthecaveswherethePartyleadersusedtolive?
你访问过我们党的领导人居住过的窑洞吗?
"
Ifthere'
snoguesthousethere'
llbeaninn;
ifthere'
snoinnthere'
llbethecavehomeofafarmerintheproductionbrigade."
没有招待所有店,没店有生产队,有老乡窑洞。
”
15.
DiseaseInvestigationoftheLoess
CaveDwellingandStudyonFreezingandThawingAction;
黄土窑洞的病害调查及冻融作用试验研究
16.
TheValueofSettlementConstruction
Cave-ininNorthernShaanxiTourism
Development;
窑洞式建筑聚落在陕北旅游开发中的价值探讨
AStudyonCaveDwellingCulturein
theNorthernShaanxiProvineeand
theTourExploring;
叶
陕北黄土高原窑洞文化与旅游开发探讨
18.
StudiesonTraceElementCompositionsofLaohudongGuan
WareandRuGuanWare;
亦
老虎洞窑和汝官窑瓷微量元素的研究
AsatypeofdwellingexistingonlyinChina,thefarmers'
cavesinShaanxProvince,especiallyinNorthernShaanxi,areuniquetraveldestinations.
InsomeareasofShaanxiProvincesuchastheYan'
anarea,farmers'
cavesabound.
Farmers'
cavesaregenerallybuiltintoamountain.InShaanxiProvincetherearetwobasictypes,thestonecaveandtheearthcave.Thestonecaveiscutintothesideofaprecipitouscliff,whileanearthcaveiscutintotheyellowearthlayers.Cavesriselayeruponlayerlookinglikestoriesofabuilding.
Afarmer'
scaveisusually5-7meters(16.4-23.0feet)long,3-4meters(9.8-13.1feet)wideand2-5meters(6.6-16.4feet)high.Thecavehasasemicirculardooroffieldstoneandwindowswithexquisitesashbarssetlikefanribs,themostbeautifulanddaintypartsofthecave.Vaultedwindowshavebeautifuldesignsinwoodensashbarsdecoratedwithfolkpapercuttings.Afarmer'
scavehasseveraluniquecharacteristics:
First,
itisquiet;
alsoitiswarminwinterandcoolinsummer.Itscreationdidnotdamagetheenvironmentorusurpfarmland.
AsearlyastheNeolithicAge,usingwoodenframework,grass,andsoil,
clansinhabitingthemiddlereachesoftheYellowRiverbuiltsimpleshallowcavesinnaturalearthholesinthemountains.Gradually,livingincaveswasapracticehandeddowntodescendants.Today,somefarmers'
caveshaveprogressedtoservingashotelsfeaturingmodernfacilities.
Touristsnowcanenjoytheadvantagesofbothafarmer'
scaveandhotel.
ApropertriptoShaanxiProvincemustincludeavisittothefascinatingfarmers'
caves.