八年级英语unit 6how long have you been collecting shells人教版新目标Word格式.docx
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3.Whendidyoustartskating?
Atnineo’clock.
4.Whatsportdoyouplay?
Tennis.
5.What’sthemostcommon/interesting/unusualhobby?
6.What’syourhobby?
重点语法:
1.现在完成进行时。
2.一般过去时。
3.现在进行时。
重点、难点讲解:
1.现在完成进行时:
表示从过去开始一直持续到现在的工作,这个动作可能刚结束,也可能还要继续下去,常与fortwohours,since1998,allthismorning,thesefewdays等表示一段时间的状语连用。
现在完成进行时的构成:
have/hasbeen+(现在分词)doing,否定形式为:
have/hasnotbeendoing,一般疑问句构成:
Have/Hassb.beendoingsth.?
特殊疑问句形式(询问持续时间长短):
Howlonghave/hassb.beendoingsth.?
例:
Ihavebeencleaningtheroomallthismorning.
我今天一上午都在打扫房间。
I’vebeenstudyingEnglishsinceIwas4yearsold.
自从4岁起我就一直学英语。
Hehasbeenlivinginthestreetforabout20years.
他一直在这条街住了近20年了。
Haveyoubeentalkingwithhimonthephonesince6:
00p.m.?
你六点起就一直在给他讲电话?
Howlonghasitbeenraining?
雨下多久了?
Whatbookhaveyoubeenreadingrecently?
最近你在看什么书?
Ihaven’tbeenseeingafilmforalongtime.
我好长时间没看电影了。
注:
for表示时间的持续,后跟时间段。
表示一段时间,多与带数词的名词连用,谓语需用延续性动词。
since表示“自从过去某一时间点以来”,后面接时间点,强调动作或状态一直延续到现在,一般用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。
since后可接表时间的名词或名词短语,也可接一个时间状语从句。
2.Congratulationsonwinningtheskatingmarathon!
Congratulations!
祝贺你!
Congratulationsondoingsth.祝贺你做了某事
3.Iskatedinamarathonlastyear.
我在去年的一场马拉松比赛中就滑冰。
You’reanexcellentskater.
你是位出色的滑冰运动员。
excellentadj.优秀的,出色的。
e.g.You’vedoneanexcellentjob.
你干得相当出色。
She’sanexcellentstudentofourschool.
她是我们学校一位优秀的学生。
4.-Howmanydoyouhave?
-Ihaveabout22sofar.
“sofar”意为“到目前为止”,常用于完成时的句子中作时间状语。
e.g.Ihaven’tfoundanythingunusualsofar.
Theyhavecollectedmorethan500movieposterssofar.
5.Arethesestuffedanimalsallyours?
这些填充动物都是你的吗?
(1)stuffv.填塞,装满,stuffedadj.填充的,装满的
(2)物主代词:
mine,yours,his,hers,ours,yours,theirs可充当表语,主语,宾语等。
本句中是在问句中充当表语。
e.g.
Thisisnotmyskate.Itmightbehers.(作表语)
MyroomisRoom205.Where’syours?
(作主语)
Couldyoupleaselendyourpentome?
Mineisbroken.(作主语)
Let’sfirstcleantheirrooms,andthenours.(作宾语)
6.Howlongdidyouskate?
(一般过去时)
Howlonghaveyoubeenskating?
(现在完成进行时)
(1)注:
一般过去时指在过去发生的行为、动作,该动作已结束,不强调同现在的关系。
而现在完成进行时表示动作从过去开始发生一直持续进行(到现在),可能仍在进行,也可能停止了一会儿。
注意两个时态语意上的差异。
(2)Howlong…?
多长时间?
(疑问句)
Howlonghaveyoubeenwaiting?
你已经等了多久?
Howlongwillthemeetinglast?
会议将持续多长时间?
7.Studentsareskatingtoraisemoneyforcharity.
raisevt.举起
risevi.起身,升起(太阳、月亮等)
raiseone’shand举手,raiseone’shattosb.向某人举帽致敬,
raiseachild养育孩子,raisefunds筹集资金,raisesalaries增加薪水,
raisemoney筹钱,筹款
8.I’mtalkingtoyoufromtheHilltopSchoolSkatingMarathon.
我正在Hilltop学校的滑冰马拉松为您报道。
from此处指电视直播的发出地点。
9.Foreveryhourtheyskate,eachstudentraisestenyuanforcharity.
每滑一小时,每个学生为慈善机构筹集10元钱。
every,each都表“每一”,但every大家具有的共性,every还等于all,表示全体齐全,一个不缺;
而each强调每个人或事物有着各自互不相同的个性或差异性。
此外every还可表每隔(一段时间/距离)。
e.g.Everystudentishere.
学生都到齐了。
Everytwoweekshegoestovisithisfriendsinthetown.
Eachpersonhashisownadvantages.
每个人都有他的优势(长处)。
Eachstoryhasaninterestingname.
10.Alisonwasthefirstonetostart,andhasbeenskatingforthewholefivehours.
Alison是第一个开始滑的,并且已滑了足足5个小时。
序数词前必须用定冠词the,后接名词或代词。
句中不定式短语“tostart”作后置定语,修饰代词one,one指代滑冰的人。
wholeadj.“整个的,完整的”,前常加“the”或物主代词。
e.g.Iwanttogettoknowthewholestory.
Heputshiswholelifeoneducation.
11.MymomsaysIhavetostop,becausewe’verunoutofroomtostorethem.
(1)runoutof“用尽,用完”
e.g.We’verunoutofallthewaterinthejar.
(2)roomn.(可数)房间
(不可数)空间,地方
e.g.There’snoroomintheroom,soyou’dbetterputtheboxesoutside.
(3)storen.商店;
贮藏:
bookstore书店departmentstore百货商场
v.贮存,收集;
storeupgrain储备粮食
12.Ifyouknowanyoneelsewhocollectsthem,pleasetellme.
(1)anyone“任何人”,any“任何的”(用于肯定句)。
(2)else“别的,其他的”,形容词/副词。
else作形容词时常用作后置定语,即放在疑问代词who,what,which或放在不定代词something,anything,nothing,anyone,everyone后面。
else作副词通常放在疑问副词when,where,how后面。
e.g.Whoelsehasanygoodideas?
Ihavesomethingelsetotellyou.
-Whatelsedoyouwant?
-Nothingelse.
WhereelseinChinahaveyoubeento?
WhenelsecanImeetyou?
13.I’dliketostartasnowglobecollector’sclub.
wouldliketodosth.想做某事(would常缩写为’d)
startv.开办、创建
14.Bytheway,what’syourhobby?
bytheway顺便说(提)一下。
way可指“道路”“方法、途经,方式”
15.(附阅读文章)
I’vebeenstudyinghistoryinChina.
MynameisLeo.I’mfromAustralia,andI’vebeenteachinginChinafortwoyears.IteachinHarbin,thecapitalofHeilongjiangProvince.Thisisreallyaninterestingcitywithaverycolorfulhistory.ThereissomeEuropeaninfluenceinthecity,andsomeoftheoldbuildingsinHarbinareinRussianstyle.
SinceIcametoChina,I’vebeenlearningalotaboutmyfamilyhistory.AlthoughI’mAustralian,myfamilyisJewish.SoitwasveryinterestingformetolearnthatalotofJewscametoliveinHarbinmanyyearsago.MyparentsweresosurprisedwhenItoldthemaboutthisinChina.Infact,thefirstJewsprobablycametoKaifengmorethanathousandyearsago,andwerewelcomedbytheSongEmperor.
WhenIlivedinAustralia,Istudiedhistoryatschool,butweusuallystudiedAustralianorwesternhistory.However,whenIheardthatIwasgoingtoworkinChina,IstartedstudyingChinesehistory.I’vebeenstudyingforovertwoyearsnow.MyfriendsinAustraliasaidthatChinesehistorywasveryhardtounderstand,butIdon’treallyagree.Ithinkifyoustudyhard,you’llbeabletounderstandanyculture.Foraforeignerlikeme,themoreIlearnaboutChinesehistory,themoreIenjoylivinginChina.
IreallyenjoymytimeinChina.AlthoughIlivequitefarfromBeijing,I’mcertainIwillbeherefortheOlympicGamesin2008!
【模拟试题】
(答题时间:
90分钟)
一.用所给词的适当形式填空:
1.Thanksfor______(send)methesnowglobe.
2.IhaveliveinthisapartmentsinceI______(come)toChina.
3.What’sthe______(common)hobby?
4.I’mquite______(interest)inthewriterjob.
5.They_______(watch)avideowhenIarrivedthere.
6.He_______(write)thelettertohispenpalsince9:
00a.m.
7.ThemoreIlearnaboutChinesehistory,themoreIenjoy_______(read)historybooks.
8.Howlonghashe_______inthearmysofar?
9.Ithinkshe’sgoodat_______(skate)andshe’sanexcellent_______(skate).
10.Theysaidthey_______(raise)moneyforcharitythenextweek.
二.根据句意用for或since填空。
1.It’stenyears______wemeteachotherlasttime.
2.HehastaughtEnglish_______25years.
3.TheGreenshavelivedonthefarm______1990.
4.Theyhavebeenpracticingtheguitar_______twohours.
5.-Howlonghaveyoubeenareporter?
-_____8yearsago.
6.Ihaven’tgoneforawalkinthepark________alongtime.
7.He’sbeencollectingstamps_______hewasinprimaryschool.
8.Peterhasbeentosummercamp________3times.
三.单项选择:
()1.-Whendidyougetyourfirstpairofskates?
-_______.
A.For6yearsB.SinceIwas7yearsold.
C.WhenIwas7yearsold.
D.Since6yearsago.
()2.Heraised______forthecharitytohelpthepoorchildren.
A.thousandofdollars
B.thousandofdollar
C.thousandsofdollars
D.thousandsofdollar
()3.-______doesthefirstclassbegin?
-At7:
40.
A.HowlongB.Where
C.WhenD.How
()4.Mr.Smith_______hereforabouttwohours.
A.hasleftB.leftfrom
C.wentawayfromD.hasbeenawayfrom
()5._____ofthemhasanEnglishdictionary.
A.EveryB.All
C.BothD.Each
()6.______isreallyhard_______themtoclimbupthemountainatnight.
A.This,toB.It,for
C.This,forD.It,to
()7.Signscanbeenseenontheroad_______canpeopleseethem?
A.Whereelseplace
B.Whereplaceelse
C.Whereelse
D.Anywhere
()8.-Whocleanedtheblackboardyesterday,Dick?
-John______.
A.cleanedB.does
C.didD.is
()9.Doyouknow_______overthere?
A.WhathappensB.Whatwashappened
C.WhatishappeningD.Whatdidhappen
()10.I’mwaitingformyfriend.Ifhe_______,Iwillgoswimmingalone.
A.doesn’tcomeB.won’tcome
C.willcomeD.iscoming
四.句子配对。
()1.Howlongdidyousingtoday?
()2.Doyouskateeveryday?
()3.Whendidyoustarttoplaytennis?
()4.Wasthisyourfirstinlineskatingmarathon?
()5.What’syourhobby?
()6.Howlonghaveyoubeendriving?
()7.Whatdoyoucollect?
()8.Howdoeshemakethetoy?
A.Yes,Ido.
B.Fortwohours.
C.Hemakesitwithbambooandsilk.
D.No,Iskatedinamarathonlastyear.
E.Ilikecollecting.
F.SinceIwas20yearsold.
G.Snowglobes.
H.Lastyear.
五.从方框中选择正确的句子完成对话。
LiangXing:
Hi,WangFei!
It’salongtimesincewemetlast.1
WangFei:
I’vebeentoKunmingwithmyparents.
2
Yes,ofcourse.Andwesawmanydifferentkindsofflowersthere.3
Didyoumeetanyforeignvisitors?
Yes,alot.AndI