LED显示屏控制技术与硬件电路设计.docx

LED显示屏控制技术与硬件电路设计.docx

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LED显示屏控制技术与硬件电路设计

LED显示屏控制技术与硬件电路设计

摘要

当今世界，电子技术迅猛进展，点阵式显示器件作为现代信息显示的重要媒体，在金融证券、体育、机场、交通、商业、广告宣传、邮电电信、指挥调度、国防军事等许多领域中得到了广泛应用。

因此点阵式显示器件的研制、生产也的到了迅速的进展，并逐步形成产业，成为光电子行业的新兴产业领域。

由于LED电子显示屏具有所显内容信息量大,外形美观大方,操作使用方便灵活.适用于火车,汽车站,码头,金融证券市场,文化中心,信息中心体育设施等公共场所.该项目广泛涉及了运算机及电子技术中的电源技术,单片机技术,数据通讯技术,显示技术,储备技术,系统软件技术,接口及驱动等技术.我国经济进展迅猛,对信息传播有越来越高的要求.能够相信,LED电子显示屏以其色彩鲜亮夺目,大的显示信息量,寿命长,耗电量小,重量轻,空间尺寸小,稳固性高,易于操作,安装和爱护等特点,将在社会经济进展中扮演越来越重要的角色。

利用单片机对整个系统进行总体操纵，进行显示所要显示的字符。

显示方式分为三种：

逐字显示、上滚显示、左滚显示，其中显示字模数据由单片机输入显存，点阵的点亮过程有程序操纵，由驱动电路完成，点阵采纳单色显示，该显示器电路的特点是：

点阵的动态显示过程占用时刻比较短，亮度比较高，而且亮度能够改变电阻进行调剂。

本文以Proteus为软件平台，设计制作一套51系列单片机实验系统。

【关键词】单片机点阵LED电子显示屏

Abstract

Intoday'sworld,therapiddevelopmentofelectronictechnology,dot-matrixdisplaydeviceasamoderninformationdisplayoftheimportantmedia,inthefinancialsecurities,sports,airport,transportation,commercial,advertising,postandtelecommunications,commandandcontrol,nationaldefensemilitary,andmanyotherareashavebeenwidelyapplied.Sodot-matrixdisplaydevicesinthedevelopment,productionandtotherapiddevelopment,andgraduallyformedaoptoelectronicstradeindustry,thenewindustryfields.BecauseLEDelectronicdisplayhasshowninformativecontent,abeautifulappearance,convenientinoperationisflexible.Applytothetrain,busstation,wharf,financialsecuritiesmarket,culturalcenter,informationcentersportsfacilitiesinotherpublicplaces.Thisprojectinvolvesawidecomputerandelectronictechnologyofpowertechnology,singlechipmicrocomputer,datacommunicationtechnology,displaytechnology,storagetechnology,systemsoftwaretechnology,interfaceanddrivetechnology.China'seconomicdevelopmentofinformationtransmissionhasrapidly,andmoreandmorehighrequirements.CanbelievethatLEDelectronicdisplaybyitscolorbrightisdazzing,largedisplayinformation,longlife,smallpowerconsumption,lightweight,smallsize,highstability,space,easytooperate,installationandmaintenanceandothercharacteristics,inthesocialeconomydevelopmentwillplaymoreandmoreimportantrole.Usingsinglechipcomputerinoverallcontrolofthewholesystem,displayshouldshowthecharacters.Displaymodeisdividedintothreetypes:

wordforworddisplay,rollingdisplay,left,whichshowsthatfontthatrollofmicrocomputerdatainputthevideomemory,bitmaplightenedprocesshasprogramcontrol,bydrivingcircuitiscompleted,themonochromaticshowthatthedotmatrixdisplaycircuitfeaturesare:

dotmatrixthedynamicdisplayoftheprocesstaketimeisshort,brightnessishigher,andbrightnesscanchangeresistanceontheadjustment.

Inthispaper,thesoftwareplatform,Proteusfordesignasetof51seriesSCMexperimentsystem.

Keywords:

SCMlatticeLEDelectronicdisplay

一．引言···························································3

二．LED概述·······················································4

1.LED电子显示屏概述············································4

2.LED电子显示屏的分类···········································4

三．系统概述·······················································7

1.整体结构······················································7

2.单片机系统作用及应用··········································7

3.进展趋势······················································8

四．LED显示屏操纵技术状况·········································10

1.串行传输与并行传输技术········································10

2.动态扫描与静态锁存技术········································10

3.自动检测及远程操纵技术········································10

五．硬件电路设计···················································11

1.总体设计······················································11

2.系统硬件选择··················································12

3.系统硬件概述··················································12

4.LED点阵的内部结构及工作原理··································13

5.系统总体电路图················································15

6.硬件焊接······················································15

六．软件设计·······················································17

1.程序设计总体思路··············································17

2.程序流程图····················································17

3.各模块程序设计················································18

七．系统的硬件及软件调试···········································20

总结·······························································22

致谢·······························································23

参考文献···························································24

附录

引言

LED〔LightEmittingDiode〕，发光二极管，简称LED，是一种能够将电能转化为可见光的固态的半导体器件，它能够直截了当把电转化为光。

LED的心脏是一个半导体的晶片，晶片的一端附在一个支架上，一端是负极，另一端连接电源的正极使整个晶片被环氧树脂封装起来。

半导体晶片由两部分组成，一部分是P型半导体，在它里面空穴占主导地位，另一端是N型半导体，在这边要紧是电子。

但这两种半导体连接起来的时候，它们之间就形成一个〝P-N结〞。

当电流通过导线作用于那个晶片的时候，电子就会被推向P区，在P区里电子跟空穴复合，然后就会以光子的形式发出能量，这确实是LED发光的原理。

多个LED发光灯组成固定的字符或图形进行显示，即形成LED点阵图文显示屏。

其要紧特点是只操纵LED点阵中各发光器件的通断〔发光或熄灭〕，而不操纵LED的发光强弱。

LED点阵的汉字显示方式是先依照所需要的汉字提取汉字点阵〔如8×8点阵〕，将点阵文件存入ROM，形成新的汉字编码；而在使用时那么需要先依照新的汉字编码组成语句，再由MCU依照新编码提取相应的点阵进行汉字