句子的种类概说及练习Word文档下载推荐.docx
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tknowher,doeshe?
他不认识她,对不对?
3)祈使句(ImperativeSentences):
提出请求,建议或发出命令。
Don'
tbenervous!
别紧张!
4)感叹句(ExclamatorySentences):
表示说话人惊奇、喜悦、愤怒等情绪。
Whatgoodnewsitis!
多好的消息啊!
2.句子按其结构可以分为以下三类:
1)简单句(SimpleSentences):
只包含一个主谓结构句子叫简单句。
Sheisfondofcollectingstamps. 她喜欢集邮。
2)并列句(CompoundSentences):
包含两个或两个以上主谓结构的句子叫并列句,句与句之间通常用并列连词或分号来连接。
Thefoodwasgood,buthehadlittleappetite.食物很精美,但他却没什么胃口。
3)复合句(ComplexSentences):
包含一个主句和一个或几个从句的句子叫复合句,从句由从属连词引导。
Thefilmhadbegunwhenwegottothecinema.我们到达电影院的时候,电影已经开演了。
3.基本句型:
英语中千变万化的句子归根结底都是由以下五种基本句型组合、扩展、变化而来的:
1)主+动(SV)例如:
Iwork. 我工作。
2)主+动+表(SVP)例如:
Johnisbusy. 约翰忙。
3)主+动+宾(SVO)例如:
ShestudiesEnglish. 她学英语。
4)主+动+宾+补(SVOC)例如:
Timewouldprovemeright.时间会证明我是对的。
5)主+动+间宾+直宾(SVOiOd)例如:
Mymothermademeanewdress. 我母亲给我做了一件新衣裳。
第二十二章简单句和并列句
一.概念
(一)简单句
由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)所构成的句子叫简单句,其结构是主语+谓语。
(二)并列句
由并列连词把两个或两个以上的互相关连而又互相独立的独句(即简单句)连在一起而构成的句子叫并列句。
其结构是:
简单句+并列连词+简单句
常用的连词有and,but,ornotonly...butalso,neither...nor,either...or
二.相关知识点精讲
(一)简单句
1.主语、谓语在人称与数上的一致性。
and连接两个并列主语时为复数,谓语动词也相应地使用复数形式,但:
(1)如果and连接的两个名词是不可数名词且前面都没有冠词,若两个词表示一个事物或一个概念,谓语动词要用单数;
如果两个词表示的是两个事物或两个概念,谓语动词则要用复数。
(2)如果and连接的是两个可数单数名词,前一个有冠词,后一个没有冠词,意味着一个人或事物,谓语动词要用单数。
(3)当and连接的两个名词前都有each,every,manya,no等单数概念的限定词修饰时(第二个名词前的修饰词有时可以省略),谓语动词要用单数。
2.陈述句与疑问句的转换。
3.选择疑问句。
4.反意疑问句。
(1)陈述句+省略问句
(2)祈使句+附加疑问句
(1)反意疑问句的回答
(二)并列句
并列句分为:
联合并列句,转折并列句,选择并列句和因果并列句
1.联合并列句常由并列词and,notonly…butalso…..等连接
如:
Useyourhand,andyou’llfindaway.
2.转折并列句常由并列连词but,while,yet,whereas,nevertheless等连接
Iwouldlovetohavegonetothe
注:
2,3,4点内容不在这里介绍,讲参阅相关章节
partylastnightbutIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport.
3.选择疑问句常由并列连词or,otherwise,either…or…,等连接
EitheryouleavethishouseorI’llcallthepolice
4.因果并列句由并列连词so,for,therefore等连接.
itwaslate,sowewenthome.
5.在”祈使句+and/or+陈述句”结构中,当前后两部分间为承接关系时,用and;
前后意思为相反关系时,用or.可将前面的祈使句转换成由if引导的条件状语从句,但必须将and或or去掉.
Hurryup,andwe’llbethereintime.=Ifwehurryup,we’llbethereintime.
6.because和so;
although,though和but不能连用
三.巩固练习
1.Idon’tsupposeanyonewillvolunteer,___?
A.doIB.don’tIC.willtheyD.won’tthey
2.___helpifyoucan,andourcountrywillimprovemorequicklyandbetter.
A.GivingB.GiveC.GivenD.Togive
3.——Lucy,youwashthedishes,___?
——Mom,can’tLilydoit?
It’sherturntodoit.
A.don’tyouB.canyouC.shallyouD.willyou
4.——Iwillnottakeanumbrellawithmetoday.
—_____itrainslateronintheday?
A.HowB.WhatC.HowaboutD.Whatif
5.——Yououghttostayuplatetonight,____you?
——Yes.I’vegottoomuchhomework.
A.can’tB.shouldn’tC.mustn’tD.won’t
6.Nothingcanstopusfromservingthepeopleheartandsoul,____?
A.canitB.can’titC.cantheyD.can’tthey
7.Thereusedtobeachurchinthesmalltown,_____?
A.usedthereB.usedn’tthere
C.useditD.usedn’tit
8.——Sheisn’tyourneighbour,isshe?
——_______.
A.Yes,sheisn’tB.No,sheis
C.Yes,sheisD.No,isn’tshe
9.——______tobeaPLAsoldierwhenIwasyoung.
——Andnowyouare.
A.HowIwantedB.HowdidIwant
C.WhatIwantedD.WhatdidIwant
10.RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase,____wasveryreasonable.
A.whichpriceB.thepriceofwhich
C.itspriceD.thepriceofthat
11.Aftertenyears,shechangedalotandlookeddifferentfrom___sheusedtobe.
A.thatB.whomC.whatD.who
12.____isknowntoeveryone,themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.
A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What
13.He’sgothimselfintoadangeroussituation___heislikelytolosecontrolovertheplane.
A.whereB.whichC.whileD.why
14.Informationhasbeenputforward___moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities.
A.whileB.thatC.whenD.as
15.Whatthedoctorsreallydoubtis____mymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon.
A.whenB.howC.whetherD.what
16.Thestudentsofthemusicschoolstudy____.
A.musicbutalsosomeothersubjects
B.someothersubjectsaswellasmusic
C.musicaswellassomeothersubjects
D.someothersubjectsandmusic
17.___airistoman,soiswatertofish.
A.SinceB.JustC.LikeD.As
18.Thereisplentyofraininthesouth__thereislittleinthenorth.
A.whileB.asC.whenD.so
19.___severaltimesaboutit,buthecouldnotgivethecorrectanswer.
A.BeingaskedB.Havingbeenasked
C.HewouldaskD.Hehadbeenasked
20.——Idon’tlikechicken___fish.
——Idon’tlikechicken,___Ilikefishverymuch.
A.and;
andB.and;
butC.or;
butD.or;
and
21.___thedayswenton,thesituationtheregotworse.
A.WithB.SinceC.WhileD.As
22.___everybodyishere,let’ssetoutrightaway.
A.NowthatB.BecauseC.ForD.After
23.Thescienceofmedicine,___progresshasbeenveryrapidlately,isperhapsthemostimportantofallthesciences.
A.towhichB.inwhichC.whichD.withwhich
24.Wemustdotheexperimentcarefully___MissLiutoldus.
A.whatB.sinceC.asD.while
25.Tonywillneverforgetthesedays___shelivedinChinawithhermother,___hasagreateffectonherlife.
A.that;
whichB.when;
which
C.which;
thatD.when;
that
26.___Iknow,theywillgotoBeijingtowatchtheOlympicGamesin2008.
A.SinceB.SofarasC.IncaseD.Asif
27.Whodoyouthinkthedoctorwillhave___first,JohnorKate?
A.examineB.toexamine
C.examiningD.examined
28.——Whatareyouanxiousabout?
——_____.
A.WhetherwecansucceedB.Ifwesucceed
C.DowesucceedD.Thatwecansucceed
29.Youshouldputthedictionary___youcanfinditeasily.
A.whereB.theplace
C.theplaceonwhichD.what
30.Shesaidtome,“I’lltellyoutheresultofthetest___Iknowit.”
A.becauseB.themomentC.afterD.though
31.Grandpausedtotellussomethingaboutthe“CulturalRevolution”___hehadtimetospare.
A.assoonasB.asC.sothatD.whenever
32.LiFangisverybusy,___she’salwayshelpingotherswiththeirlessons.
A.butB.althoughC.soD.for
33.Gettingarightjobcanbedifficult___thestudents___preparedtodealwiththejobinterview.
A.if;
won’tB.unless;
will
C.unless;
areD.if;
are
34.Everythingdependson__theywillsupportyouaboutit.
A.ifB.whichC.whetherD.that
35.Shewonthefirstprizeinthespeechcontestand___surprisedus.
A.whichB.itC.asD.who
36.TheOscarisoneofthefilmprizes__offeredtoanyChineseactororactresssofar.
A.whichisnotB.thathavenotbeen
C.thathasnotD.thathasnotbeen
37.Hemadeanotherwonderfuldiscovery,___ofgreatimportancetoscience.
A.whichIthinkisB.whichIthinkitis
C.whichIthinkitD.Ithinkis
38.It’sreallyverydangerous.Onemorestep,___thebabywillfallintothewell.
A.orB.soC.butD.and
39.SheisAmerican,___sheknowslittleaboutAmericanhistory.
A.soB.yetC.andD.therefore
40.Informationtechnologyistaughtinmostschools,___wehaveenteredtheinformationsociety.
A.soB.whileC.stillD.for
41.——Helenmustobeyherparents.
——Oh,shemust,__?
A.mustsheB.mustn’tshe
C.shouldn’tsheD.shouldshe
42.Johnmustbeinthechemistrylab,___?
A.mustn’theB.needn’the
C.isn’theD.shouldn’the
43.Itwasquitealongtime___Imadeitoutwhathadhappened.
A.afterB.beforeC.whenD.since
44.__thetextasecondtime,themeaningwillbecomeclearertoyou.
A.ReadB.Reading
C.IfreadingD.Whenyouread
45.___doeshedohisworkwell,___hehelpsotherswiththeirwork.
A.Notonly;
butalsoB.Neither;
nor
C.Either;
orD.Both;
and
46.__,sohedidn’tcometoschoollastweek.
A.ThoughhewasillB.Beingill
C.HavingbeenillD.Hewasill
47.Shetriedeveryway___shecouldfindtosolvetheproblem.
A.howB.inwhichC.thatD.which
48.Lilyhassomeidea___she’sgoingtobewhenshegrowsup.
A.whatB.thatC.asD.which
49.Toplayfairisasimportantas____,Ithink.
A.toplaywellB.playwell
C.weplaywellD.playingwell
50.___yougo,youshouldbearthemotherlandinmind.
A.WhereB.Whenever
C.HoweverD.Wherever
四.答案
1-10CBDDBABCAB11-20CBABCBDADC21-30DABCBBDAAB
31-40DACCBBADBD41-50ACBDADCAAD