学年人教版高中英语选修八同步练习Unit 1 A land of diversity课时跟踪训练11 Word版含答案Word下载.docx

学年人教版高中英语选修八同步练习Unit 1 A land of diversity课时跟踪训练11 Word版含答案Word下载.docx

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答案

1．Immigration　2.majority　3.boom　4.elected

5．percentage　6.means　7.hardship　8.distinction

9．aircraft　10.racial

Ⅱ.阅读理解

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

A

（2019年高考·

课标全国卷Ⅰ）

NeedaJobThisSummer?

Theprovincialgovernmentanditspartnersoffermanyprogramstohelpstudentsfindsummerjobs.Thedeadlinesandwhatyouneedtoapplydependontheprogram.

Notastudent?

Gotothegovernmentwebsitetolearnaboutprogramsandonlinetoolsavailabletohelppeopleunder30buildskills,findajoborstartbusinessesallyearround.

JobsforYouth

Ifyouareateenagerlivingincertainpartsoftheprovince,youcouldbeeligible（符合条件）forthisprogram,whichprovideseightweeksofpaidemploymentalongwithtraining.

Whoiseligible:

Youth15－18yearsoldinselectcommunities（社区）．

SummerCompany

SummerCompanyprovidesstudentswithhandsonbusinesstrainingandawardsofupto$3，000tostartandruntheirownsummerbusinesses.

Studentsaged15－29,returningtoschoolinthefall.

StewardshipYouthRangerProgram

YoucouldapplytobeaStewardshipYouthRangerandworkonlocalnaturalresourcemanagementprojectsforeightweeksthissummer.

Studentsaged16or17attimeofhire,butnotturning18beforeDecember31thisyear.

SummerEmploymentOpportunities（机会）

ThroughtheSummerEmploymentOpportunitiesprogram,studentsarehiredeachyearinavarietyofsummerpositionsacrosstheProvincialPublicService,itsrelatedagenciesandcommunitygroups.

Studentsaged15orolder.Somepositionsrequirestudentstobe15to24orupto29forpersonswithadisability.

1.WhatisspecialaboutSummerCompany?

A.Itrequiresnotrainingbeforeemployment.

B.Itprovidesawardsforrunningnewbusinesses.

C.Itallowsonetoworkinthenaturalenvironment.

D.Itoffersmoresummerjobopportunities.

2.WhatistheagerangerequiredbyStewardshipYouthRangerProgram?

A.15－18.B.15－24.

C.15－29.D.16－17.

3.Whichprogramfavorsthedisabled?

A.JobsforYouth.

B.SummerCompany.

C.StewardshipYouthRangerProgram.

D.SummerEmploymentOpportunities.

答案与解析

语篇导读：

本文为应用文。

本文叙述了省政府及其合作伙伴提供了许多项目来帮助学生在暑期找到工作。

1．B　细节理解题。

根据SummerCompany部分中的“SummerCompanyprovidesstudentswith...awardsofupto$3，000tostartandruntheirownsummerbusinesses”可知“SummerCompany为学生提供高达3000美元的奖励，来开始和经营他们自己的暑期业务”。

“startandruntheirownsummerbusinesses”即为“开办新的业务”，这对应B项中的“runningnewbusinesses”，二者是词义之间的转述关系。

故选B。

2．D　细节理解题。

根据StewardshipYouthRangerProgram部分中的第二段“Whoiseligible:

Studentsaged16or17attimeofhire,butnotturning18beforeDecember31thisyear.”可知“符合条件的学生：

16岁或17岁的学生，但在今年12月31日之前未满18岁”。

由此得出，这个项目要求年龄在16－17岁之间。

分析选项可知D项符合题意，故选D。

3．D　细节理解题。

根据SummerEmploymentOpportunities部分中的最后一段最后一句“Whoiseligible:

...Somepositionsrequirestudentstobe15to24orupto29forpersonswithadisability”，可知SummerEmploymentOpportunities有些职位是给残疾人的。

分析选项可知，D项符合题意，故选D。

B

（2018年高考·

课标全国卷Ⅲ）

Citiesusuallyhaveagoodreasonforbeingwheretheyare,likeanearbyportorriver.Peoplesettleintheseplacesbecausetheyareeasytogettoandnaturallysuitedtocommunicationsandtrade.NewYorkCity,forexample,isnearalargeharbouratthemouthoftheHudsonRiver.Over300yearsitspopulationgrewgraduallyfrom800peopleto8million.Butnotallcitiesdevelopslowlyoveralongperiodoftime.Boomtownsgrowfromnothingalmostovernight.In1896,Dawson,Canada,wasunmappedwilderness（荒野）.Butgoldwasdiscoveredtherein1897,andtwoyearslater,itwasoneofthelargestcitiesintheWest,withapopulationof30，000.

DawsondidnothaveanyofthenaturalconveniencesofcitieslikeLondonorParis.Peoplewentthereforgold.Theytravelledoversnowcoveredmountainsandsailedhundredsofmilesupicyrivers.ThepathtoDawsonwascoveredwiththirtyfeetofwetsnowthatcouldfallwithoutwarning.Anavalanche（雪崩）onceclosedthepath,killing63people.FormanywhomadeittoDawson,however,therewardswereworththedifficulttrip.Ofthefirst20，000peoplewhodugforgold,4，000gotrich.About100ofthesestayedrichmenfortherestoftheirlives.

Butnomatterhowrichtheywere,Dawsonwasnevercomfortable.Necessitieslikefoodandwoodwereveryexpensive.Butsoon,thegoldthatDawsondependedonhadallbeenfound.Thecitywascrowdedwithdisappointedpeoplewithnointerestinsettlingdown,andwhentheyheardtherewerenewgolddiscoveriesinAlaska,theyleftDawsonCityasquicklyastheyhadcome.Today,peoplestillcomeandgo—toseewheretheCanadiangoldrushhappened.TourismisnowthechiefindustryofDawsonCity—itspresentpopulationis762.

4．WhatattractedtheearlysettlerstoNewYorkCity?

A.Itsbusinessculture.

B.Itssmallpopulation.

C.Itsgeographicalposition.

D.Itsfavourableclimate.

5．WhatdoweknowaboutthosewhofirstdugforgoldinDawson?

A.Twothirdsofthemstayedthere.

B.Oneoutoffivepeoplegotrich.

C.Almosteveryonegaveup.

D.Halfofthemdied.

6．WhatwasthemainreasonformanypeopletoleaveDawson?

A.Theyfoundthecitytoocrowded.

B.Theywantedtotrytheirluckelsewhere.

C.Theywereunabletostandthewinter.

D.Theywereshortoffood.

7．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A．Theriseandfallofacity.

B．ThegoldrushinCanada.

C．Journeysintothewilderness.

D．TourisminDawson.

本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了加拿大城市道森市的兴衰史。

道森市虽然地理位置不占优势，生存环境也比较恶劣，但因为金矿的发现而繁荣起来。

然而随着金矿被挖掘一空，人们又都陆续迁离这里，道森市又变成人烟稀少的城市。

4．C　推理判断题。

文章首段提到，人们选择居住的城市往往是那些便于交通和贸易的地方，比如靠近港口或河流，接下来便以纽约城为例，指出它就是靠近一个很大的海港，由此可推知，吸引早期居住者的是纽约城的地理位置。

5．B　事实细节题。

根据第二段的Ofthefirst20，000peoplewhodugforgold,4，000gotrich可知，第一批去道森市淘金的20000人中4000人成为了富人，也就是说五分之一的人变成了富人。

6．B　事实细节题。

根据第三段的whentheyheardtherewerenewgolddiscoveriesinAlaska,theyleftDawsonCityasquicklyastheyhadcome可知，当听说别的地方有金矿的时候，人们都迅速地离开了道森市。

7．A　主旨大意题。

通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了加拿大城市道森市的兴衰史。

然而随着金矿被挖掘一空，人们又都陆续迁离这里，道森市又变成人烟稀少的城市，由此过程可看出道森市的大起大落。

C

“Weholdthesetruthstobeselfevident,thatallmenarecreatedequal,thattheyareendowed（赋予）withcertainrights,thatamongthesearelife,libertyandthepursuit（追求）ofhappiness.”

ThesearewordswrittenintheDeclarationofIndependence.Findinghappinessisabasichumangoal.

Since2012,theUnitedNationsSustainableDevelopmentSolutionsNetworkhasbeenproducingtheWorldHappinessReport.Accordingtotheir2015report,peoplelivinginSwitzerlandarethehappiestintheworld.SwitzerlandtookthefirstspotfromDenmarkwhichhadheldthetitleofbeingthehappiestsincethefirstsurveyin2012.ItisratherinterestingthatthetopfourhappiestnationsintheworldareallsmallormediumsizedEuropeancountries,whileEngland21,Germany26andFrance29arefurtherdownthetable.Iceland,DenmarkandNorwayfollowSwitzerlandwithCanadabeingplaced5thamongthehappiestnations.WonderinghowhappyfolksintheUSare?

Thecountrycameinatnumber15.Syria（Asia）cameinat156,Burundi（Africa）157,andTogo（Africa）158.Theyaretheleasthappiestnationscominginatthebottomofthetable.

Sowhatmakesacountryhappy?

Well,itscitizenshavelongerlifeexpectancies（预期寿命）,moresocialsupportandaremoregenerous.Theyhavemorefreedomtomakelifechoices,believethatthereislesscorruption（腐败）intheircommunitiesandhaveahigherGDPperperson.

SwitzerlandliesatthecrossroadsofEurope.Infact,thecountryisveryclosetothegeographicalcenterofthecontinent.Itisalsoameltingpotofdifferentcultures—German,FrenchandItalian,whichareallofficiallanguagesspokenhere.TheSwisslandscapeisverydiverseaswell,fromtheSwissAlpstothecharmingvalleyscarvedoutbyglaciers.

Switzerlandisfamousforitsneutrality（中立）,andhasnottakensidesinanywars.TheSwisshavechosentonotbepartoftheEuropeanUnion,andthecountryjoinedtheUnitedNationsonlyin2002.SinceSwitzerlanddoesnotparticipateinwars,itscitizensserveinpeacekeepingmissionsaroundtheworld.

8．Thefirstparagraphisusedto________．

A．explainareasonB．giveanexample

C．introducethetopicD．providethebackground

9．Whatdoweknowfromthe2015WorldHappinessReport?

A．CanadaishappierthantheUS.

B．IcelandhaslesshappinessthanEngland.

C．TheleasthappiestnationcomesfromAsia.

D．ThetopfivehappiestnationsareallfromEurope.

10．ThelasttwoparagraphsmainlyexplainwhySwitzerland________．

A．hasthehighGDPperperson

B．liesatthecrossroadsofEurope

C．haswonthetitleofthehappiestnation

D．servesasapeacekeeperaroundtheworld

本文是说明文。

据联合国可持续发展解决方案网公布的2015年《全球幸福报告》，瑞士位居全球最幸福国家榜首。

8．C　写作意图题。

文章第一段通过引用《美国独立宣言》中的话尤其是“thepursuitofhappiness”引出本文的主题——据联合国可持续发展解决方案网公布的2015年《全球幸福报告》，瑞士位居全球最幸福国家榜首。

9．A　细节理解题。

由第三段2015年《全球幸福报告》可知，排名前五位的除加拿大外，都是来自欧洲的国家，而美国位列第十五名，最不幸福的国家则是来自非洲的多哥。

10．C　段落大意题。

文章最后两段从地理优势、文化优势、政治立场等方面解释了瑞士是如何获得最幸福国家称号的。