电大英语短文理解Word格式.docx
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Thecombinedtotalpopulationofthese11cities________、
选择一项:
a、was166millionin1950
b、was17millionin1995
c、is204millionnow
d、willbeover204millionin2015
答案为D。
此题可以运用查读技巧。
先在找到第一段中找到包含题中关键信息(Thecombinedtotalpopulation)的句子,即第一段最后一句,于就是可以直接得出选项D。
而其她选项虽都在文中提到,但都不就是与题干相对应的,因此可排除A,B,C三项。
题目2
Theworld’sruralpopulation________、
a、increasedatonefourththerateofurbanpopulation
b、increasedatfourtimestherateofurbanpopulation
c、willbefourtimesbiggerby2025
d、willdoubleintheperiod1990-2025
答案为A。
此题需要运用查读技巧,并考查计算能力。
先找到文中第二段的第一句,“Theworld’surbanpopulation,increasingatfourtimestherateofruralpopulations”城镇人口正以4倍于农村人口的速度增长着,即农村人口的增长速度的城镇人口的1/4。
因此,不要被选项B所迷惑而误选。
题目3
Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothispassage?
_________、
a、Therearenow11citieswithatotalpopulationof11millionpeople、
b、Theworld’surbanpopulationwillbefourtimesbiggerby2025
c、Variouspushandpullfactorscausepeopletomove正确
d、Two-thirdsoftheworld’spopulationwillliveincitiesinSoutheastAsiaandAfrica、
答案为C。
找出选项A应为“Therearenow11citieswithapopulationof11millionpeopleeach、”选项B应改为“Itwilldoubleby2025、”选项D应将“inSoutheastAsiaandAfrica”改为“allovertheworld”。
因此,正确答案为选项C多种内、外因引起人口流动。
题目4
Peoplechoosetoleaveruralareaspartlybecause_________、
a、climatechangeorpoorfarmingmethodsresultindeforestationandflooding正确
b、thelivingstandardsofcitiesaremuchlower
c、thepopulationofruralareasincreasedfasterthanthatofurbanareas
d、therearenotenoughspaceforpeopletolivethere
此题考查仔细阅读与分析的能力。
文章第四段说明了人们纷纷离开农村的一些原因。
四个选项中,只有选项A谈到了气候的改变与落后的农业方法使得山林遭到砍伐,洪水泛滥,这就是人们选择离开农村的原因之一。
而其她选项均不就是文中列举出的原因。
题目5
Wecanconcludefromthelastparagraphthat_________、
a、theworldeconomyhasdeclinedsince1950
b、economicexpansionleadstomega-cities正确
c、theexpansionismainlytakingplaceinEurope
d、thereisn’tanyeconomicexpansioninthedevelopingcountries
答案为B。
题干中已道明此题考查的范围,因此直接在最后一段中进行查读。
第一句话讲“自1950年以来城市的发展促使世界经济出现了五倍的扩张”,因此选项A经济下降显然不对;
第二句接着讲“大部分的经济扩张发生在东南亚这样的发展中国家”,因此,选项C讲经济扩张发生在欧洲也就是错误的;
选项D讲经济扩张没发生在发展中国家显然也不正确。
通过分析可逐一排除选项A、C、D而得出正确答案B。
ACaseStudy:
DesertificationaroundtheGobiDesert
TheProblems
TheGOBIDesert,inthenorthofChina,isnowseventimesbiggerthanBritain、Chinahaslargedesertareasandmuchofitsagriculturallandisbeingthreatenedbydesertification,whichisgettingworse、Inaddition,soilerosionhasledtoahugelossoffarmlandandthedryingupofrivers、Consequently,thelivelihoodsof35millionpeoplearebeingthreatened、Furthermoreitisevenaffectingcities、Thenearestsandduneislessthan100milesfromBeijing,whereunpleasantsandstormsarebecomingmorefrequent、Theworsethesituation,themorepressurethereisonthegovernmenttotakeaction、
TheCauses
Thereasonsforthechangesarecomplex、Itisclearthatpollutionoftheairandwaterbyfactoriesisaffectingtheenvironment、Treesandothervegetationdie,andsosoiliseroded、Themoretreesthatdie,thelesswaterisheldintheearth、Theneedforwoodforfuelandbuildingsleadstofurtherdeforestation,whichcausesfurthersoilerosion、Localfarmersfinditmoreandmoredifficulttomakealiving、Theyendupusinginefficientfarmingmethods,whichagainleadstosoilerosion、
TheSolutions
TheGovernmentiscarryingoutanti-desertificationprojects,includingthecreationofaforestbeltarounddeserts、Thetree-plantingcampaign,knownastheGreatGreenWall,ismeanttoprotectBeijingfromsandstorms、Chinahopestocontroltheexpansionofdesertlandbytheyear2010andplanstoestablishaprotectedeco-systemindesertareasby2050、
Accordingtothispassage,theGobidesertis______、
a、asbigasBritain
b、20%ofthesizeofBritain
c、oneseventhofthesizeofBritain
d、seventimesbiggerthanBritain正确
ThetotaldesertareaofChinais______、
a、increasing正确
b、decreasing
c、remainingconstant
d、thelargestoftheworld
______leadstosoilerosion、
a、Thegrowthoftreesandothervegetation
b、Thedeforestation正确
c、Theefficientfarmingmethods
d、Thepollutionofsomefactories
答案为B
TheChinesegovernmentisplantingtrees_______、
a、arounddeserts正确
b、aroundBeijing
c、aroundtheborderofChina
d、alloverChina
Theexpansionofdesertland_______、
a、won’tbecontrolledby2010
b、willdefinitelybecontrolledby2010
c、shouldbecontrolledafter2010
d、isexpectedtobecontrolledby2010正确
答案为D
Theworld’surbanpopulation,(世界城市人口)
(1)increasing
atfourtimestherateofruralpopulations,willdoubleintheperiod1990-2025,tooverfivebillion、Consequently,
(2)two-thirds
ofthepeopleoftheworldwillliveincities,someof(3)whichwillbehuge、Moreover,about90%ofthegrowthwillbeindevelopingcountries、Thisgrowth,addingaround60millionpeopleperyear(4)tocitypopulations,willbemainlyinSoutheastAsiaandAfrica、Theconsequencesaredramatic、Thisischangeonascaleneverbefore(5)experienced,bringingwithitconsiderablechallengesandopportunities、
Mostofitresults(6)frominternalmigrationratherthantheinternationalmovementofpeople,andiscausedbyavarietyofpushandpullfactors、Onepushfactorisduetopressure(7)onlandavailability、Improvedhealthbringspopulationgrowth,causingpeopletomoveoutofruralareas、Othersmovebecauseofclimatechangeorpoorfarmingmethodswhichoftenresultindeforestationandflooding、Suchchangescanalterthesocialstructure,leadingpeople(8)tomove、Furthermore,civilwarorregionalconflictsalsocausedisruption,drivingpeopleoutofruralareas、
Ontheotherhand,therearethepullfactors、Citiesattractpeoplebecauseofthedemand(9)forlabourinthemanufacturingandserviceindustries、Asaresult,theyofferahigherstandardofliving(10)totheluckyones、Citiesalsotendtooffergreaterpersonalfreedom、
GlobalFood全球食品“妈妈,我们去麦当劳,好不?
“Mum,canwegotoMcDonald’s,please?
”Somepeoplemightask,“Wherewouldwebetodayifwedidnothavefastfood?
”and“Wherewouldparentstaketheirchildrenouttoeat?
’Ithasbeenreportedthatapproximately30%ofmealsconsumedbyfamiliesintheUSAareeatenatoneofthebigchainslikeBurgerKingandTacoBell,thoughprobablynoneismorefamousthanMcDonald’s、Thedistinctive“goldenarch”cannowbeseeninmostmajorcitiesintheworld、In2002,McDonaldshadapproximately25,000restaurantsinover120countriesandserved29millionpeopleaday、
Apparently,thesecretoftheirsuccessisamarketingstrategyof“thinkglobal,actlocal”、McDonald’slearntthatiftheyadaptedtheir“Mac”mealstodifferentcultures,itwasmoresuccessfulthanhavingastandardizedsetofproductsthattastethesameeverywhere、Sonow,around80%ofMcDonald’srestaurantsarefranchisedtolocalpeoplewhoservefoodwitha“local”flavor、Forexample,inHongKong,foodcalled“ShakeShakeFries”and“RedBeanSunday”canbefoundonthemenu,whileinSwitzerland,“VegiMacs”areserved、
However,fastfoodisnotpopularwitheveryone、Itisoftencalled“junk”foodbecauseitissaidtobeunhealthyandfulloffat、Furthermore,manypeopleclaimthatfastfoodchainsproduceenormousamountsofwaste,whilemillionsofpeopleindevelopingcountriesgohungry、Atthesametime,moreandmorepeoplenolongercookfreshfoodathome、“Convenience”foodisjusttooconvenient!
ItissoeasyforpeoplewithbusyworkinglivestocallintotheirlocalbranchofMarksandSpencer,orsomeothersupermarketchain,tobuyready-mademealsontheirwayhomefromwork、Itiseveneasiertobuya“t