电大英语短文理解Word格式.docx

电大英语短文理解Word格式.docx

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Thecombinedtotalpopulationofthese11cities________、

选择一项:

a、was166millionin1950

b、was17millionin1995

c、is204millionnow

d、willbeover204millionin2015

答案为D。

此题可以运用查读技巧。

先在找到第一段中找到包含题中关键信息（Thecombinedtotalpopulation）的句子,即第一段最后一句,于就是可以直接得出选项D。

而其她选项虽都在文中提到,但都不就是与题干相对应的,因此可排除A,B,C三项。

题目2

Theworld’sruralpopulation________、

a、increasedatonefourththerateofurbanpopulation

b、increasedatfourtimestherateofurbanpopulation

c、willbefourtimesbiggerby2025

d、willdoubleintheperiod1990-2025

答案为A。

此题需要运用查读技巧,并考查计算能力。

先找到文中第二段的第一句,“Theworld’surbanpopulation,increasingatfourtimestherateofruralpopulations”城镇人口正以4倍于农村人口的速度增长着,即农村人口的增长速度的城镇人口的1/4。

因此,不要被选项B所迷惑而误选。

题目3

Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothispassage?

_________、

a、Therearenow11citieswithatotalpopulationof11millionpeople、

b、Theworld’surbanpopulationwillbefourtimesbiggerby2025

c、Variouspushandpullfactorscausepeopletomove正确

d、Two-thirdsoftheworld’spopulationwillliveincitiesinSoutheastAsiaandAfrica、

答案为C。

找出选项A应为“Therearenow11citieswithapopulationof11millionpeopleeach、”选项B应改为“Itwilldoubleby2025、”选项D应将“inSoutheastAsiaandAfrica”改为“allovertheworld”。

因此,正确答案为选项C多种内、外因引起人口流动。

题目4

Peoplechoosetoleaveruralareaspartlybecause_________、

a、climatechangeorpoorfarmingmethodsresultindeforestationandflooding正确

b、thelivingstandardsofcitiesaremuchlower

c、thepopulationofruralareasincreasedfasterthanthatofurbanareas

d、therearenotenoughspaceforpeopletolivethere

此题考查仔细阅读与分析的能力。

文章第四段说明了人们纷纷离开农村的一些原因。

四个选项中,只有选项A谈到了气候的改变与落后的农业方法使得山林遭到砍伐,洪水泛滥,这就是人们选择离开农村的原因之一。

而其她选项均不就是文中列举出的原因。

题目5

Wecanconcludefromthelastparagraphthat_________、

a、theworldeconomyhasdeclinedsince1950

b、economicexpansionleadstomega-cities正确

c、theexpansionismainlytakingplaceinEurope

d、thereisn’tanyeconomicexpansioninthedevelopingcountries

答案为B。

题干中已道明此题考查的范围,因此直接在最后一段中进行查读。

第一句话讲“自1950年以来城市的发展促使世界经济出现了五倍的扩张”,因此选项A经济下降显然不对;

第二句接着讲“大部分的经济扩张发生在东南亚这样的发展中国家”,因此,选项C讲经济扩张发生在欧洲也就是错误的;

选项D讲经济扩张没发生在发展中国家显然也不正确。

通过分析可逐一排除选项A、C、D而得出正确答案B。

ACaseStudy:

DesertificationaroundtheGobiDesert

TheProblems

TheGOBIDesert,inthenorthofChina,isnowseventimesbiggerthanBritain、Chinahaslargedesertareasandmuchofitsagriculturallandisbeingthreatenedbydesertification,whichisgettingworse、Inaddition,soilerosionhasledtoahugelossoffarmlandandthedryingupofrivers、Consequently,thelivelihoodsof35millionpeoplearebeingthreatened、Furthermoreitisevenaffectingcities、Thenearestsandduneislessthan100milesfromBeijing,whereunpleasantsandstormsarebecomingmorefrequent、Theworsethesituation,themorepressurethereisonthegovernmenttotakeaction、

TheCauses

Thereasonsforthechangesarecomplex、Itisclearthatpollutionoftheairandwaterbyfactoriesisaffectingtheenvironment、Treesandothervegetationdie,andsosoiliseroded、Themoretreesthatdie,thelesswaterisheldintheearth、Theneedforwoodforfuelandbuildingsleadstofurtherdeforestation,whichcausesfurthersoilerosion、Localfarmersfinditmoreandmoredifficulttomakealiving、Theyendupusinginefficientfarmingmethods,whichagainleadstosoilerosion、

TheSolutions

TheGovernmentiscarryingoutanti-desertificationprojects,includingthecreationofaforestbeltarounddeserts、Thetree-plantingcampaign,knownastheGreatGreenWall,ismeanttoprotectBeijingfromsandstorms、Chinahopestocontroltheexpansionofdesertlandbytheyear2010andplanstoestablishaprotectedeco-systemindesertareasby2050、

Accordingtothispassage,theGobidesertis______、

a、asbigasBritain

b、20%ofthesizeofBritain

c、oneseventhofthesizeofBritain

d、seventimesbiggerthanBritain正确

ThetotaldesertareaofChinais______、

a、increasing正确

b、decreasing

c、remainingconstant

d、thelargestoftheworld

______leadstosoilerosion、

a、Thegrowthoftreesandothervegetation

b、Thedeforestation正确

c、Theefficientfarmingmethods

d、Thepollutionofsomefactories

答案为B

TheChinesegovernmentisplantingtrees_______、

a、arounddeserts正确

b、aroundBeijing

c、aroundtheborderofChina

d、alloverChina

Theexpansionofdesertland_______、

a、won’tbecontrolledby2010

b、willdefinitelybecontrolledby2010

c、shouldbecontrolledafter2010

d、isexpectedtobecontrolledby2010正确

答案为D

Theworld’surbanpopulation,（世界城市人口）

（1）increasing 

atfourtimestherateofruralpopulations,willdoubleintheperiod1990-2025,tooverfivebillion、Consequently,

（2）two-thirds 

ofthepeopleoftheworldwillliveincities,someof（3）whichwillbehuge、Moreover,about90%ofthegrowthwillbeindevelopingcountries、Thisgrowth,addingaround60millionpeopleperyear（4）tocitypopulations,willbemainlyinSoutheastAsiaandAfrica、Theconsequencesaredramatic、Thisischangeonascaleneverbefore（5）experienced,bringingwithitconsiderablechallengesandopportunities、

Mostofitresults（6）frominternalmigrationratherthantheinternationalmovementofpeople,andiscausedbyavarietyofpushandpullfactors、Onepushfactorisduetopressure（7）onlandavailability、Improvedhealthbringspopulationgrowth,causingpeopletomoveoutofruralareas、Othersmovebecauseofclimatechangeorpoorfarmingmethodswhichoftenresultindeforestationandflooding、Suchchangescanalterthesocialstructure,leadingpeople（8）tomove、Furthermore,civilwarorregionalconflictsalsocausedisruption,drivingpeopleoutofruralareas、

Ontheotherhand,therearethepullfactors、Citiesattractpeoplebecauseofthedemand（9）forlabourinthemanufacturingandserviceindustries、Asaresult,theyofferahigherstandardofliving（10）totheluckyones、Citiesalsotendtooffergreaterpersonalfreedom、

GlobalFood全球食品“妈妈,我们去麦当劳,好不？

“Mum,canwegotoMcDonald’s,please?

”Somepeoplemightask,“Wherewouldwebetodayifwedidnothavefastfood?

”and“Wherewouldparentstaketheirchildrenouttoeat?

’Ithasbeenreportedthatapproximately30%ofmealsconsumedbyfamiliesintheUSAareeatenatoneofthebigchainslikeBurgerKingandTacoBell,thoughprobablynoneismorefamousthanMcDonald’s、Thedistinctive“goldenarch”cannowbeseeninmostmajorcitiesintheworld、In2002,McDonaldshadapproximately25,000restaurantsinover120countriesandserved29millionpeopleaday、

Apparently,thesecretoftheirsuccessisamarketingstrategyof“thinkglobal,actlocal”、McDonald’slearntthatiftheyadaptedtheir“Mac”mealstodifferentcultures,itwasmoresuccessfulthanhavingastandardizedsetofproductsthattastethesameeverywhere、Sonow,around80%ofMcDonald’srestaurantsarefranchisedtolocalpeoplewhoservefoodwitha“local”flavor、Forexample,inHongKong,foodcalled“ShakeShakeFries”and“RedBeanSunday”canbefoundonthemenu,whileinSwitzerland,“VegiMacs”areserved、

However,fastfoodisnotpopularwitheveryone、Itisoftencalled“junk”foodbecauseitissaidtobeunhealthyandfulloffat、Furthermore,manypeopleclaimthatfastfoodchainsproduceenormousamountsofwaste,whilemillionsofpeopleindevelopingcountriesgohungry、Atthesametime,moreandmorepeoplenolongercookfreshfoodathome、“Convenience”foodisjusttooconvenient!

ItissoeasyforpeoplewithbusyworkinglivestocallintotheirlocalbranchofMarksandSpencer,orsomeothersupermarketchain,tobuyready-mademealsontheirwayhomefromwork、Itiseveneasiertobuya“t