上海市延安中学届高三下学期英语试题Word格式.docx
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一、用单词的适当形式完成短文
Directions:
Afterreadingthepassagebelow.fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperforofthegivenword;
fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.
Laughterisakindofuniversalbodylanguagethat’ssharedbypeopleofallnationalities,skincolors,culturesandtraditions.Butdidyouknowthattheabilitytotellgenuinelaughterapartfromfakelaughteralsotranscendscultures?
GregBryant,aprofessorofcommunicationattheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles,US,publishedastudyinPsychologicalScienceinlateJuly1.resultmentionedthatpeopleareabletoidentifyreallaughterthroughslightvariationsinsound.
Inthestudy,884peoplefrom21countrieswereaskedtolistentorandomrecordingsoflaughter.Someoftherecordingsweremadeupofspontaneouslaughs,whileothersweremadebypeoplewhowereaskedtolaugh2.thecommandoftheresearch.
Thestudyshowedthatpeoplearoundtheworldhavetheabilitytopickoutreallaughter,3.thevariationoftheirabilitiesfromcountytocountry.ResidentsoftheSamoanIslands,aremoteislandchaininthecentralSouthPacific,wereparticularlygoodatit,correctly4.(identify)reallaughter56percentofthetime.
AccordingtoBryant,peoplefrom5.(industrialized)nations“aremoreaccurateinidentifyinganaturalsmile”becausetheyrelyheavilyonemotionalengagementinordertopredictthebehaviorof6.andcreatestrongersocialrelationships.
Buthowdopeoplefromdifferentculturesdetectnaturallaughtersoeasily?
Andwhattraitsdoesreallaughterhave?
AsProfessorJessicaWolfoftheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles,toldtheAssociationforPsychologicalScience,inreallaughterourvocalchords“producequalities7.higherpitchandvolume,aswellasfasterburstsofnon-articulatesoundsandmorenon-tonalnoise”.
Bycontrast,fakelaughterwill“soundlikespeech”.AccordingtoScienceDaily,fakelaughteriscontrolledbythesamebrainsystemthatcontrolsthelipsandtongue.
Bryantfurtherexplainedthatthissystemhas8.imitativecapacity,saying“withthisspeechsystem,you9.makealotofdifferentnoises,includingcrying,laughterorashriekofpain.That’s10.fakelaughtercomesfrom.”
Sothat’ssomethingtothinkaboutnexttimeoneofyourfriendslaughsatsomethingyousaid.Willyoubeabletotellifit’srealorfake?
二、选用适当的单词或短语补全短文
Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.
A.multipleB.scoresC.proudD.unthinkableE.heritageF.elaborate
G.echoedH.requestI.apparentJ.massiveK.comprehend
ThibaudBinetruywaswalkinghomeMondaywhenhesawsmokerisinginthedistance.NotreDameCathedral,thebelovedlandmarkintheheartofParis,wasinflames.
“It’sawfultoseesuchasymboldisappearnginfrontofyou.It’sbeenthereforsomanyyearsandinafewminuteshalfofitdisappears...crazy,”BinetruytoldCNN.
“PariswithoutNotreDame...madness.”headded.
Hiswords11.thesorrowanddisbelieffeltbymanyParisiansastheywatchedthehistoricstructureburn.CNNcorrespondentHadasGoldsaidpeoplecrowdedthebanksoftheSeinetogazehelplesslyatthe12..
ManyParisians,whogrewupwiththegothicstructuretoweringovertheriver,burstintotearsandhuggedeachotheronthescene.Thecitywasindeathlyquietness,exceptforthehelicoptersandfiretrucks.KatherineFinneysaidsheandotheronlookerscouldn’teven13.whatwashappeningatfirst.Butasthehostoriccathedralcontinuedtoburn,crowdsletouthelplessgaspsandgroans.
NoothersiterepresentsFrancequitelikeNotre-Dame.Ithasgivenitsnametooneofthecountry’sliterarymasterpieces.VictorHugo’snovelHunchbackofNotreDameisknowntotheFrenchsimplyasNotreDamedeParis.Thenovelhasbeenfilmed14.times,includinganAcademyAward-nominatedDisneyversionin1996.
ThelasttimethecathedralsufferedmajordamagewasduringtheFrenchRevolution,whenstatuesofsaintswerehackedbyterrorists.Thebuildingsurvivedthisuprising.aswellastwoworldwars,largelyundestroyed.Itisimpossibletooverstatehowshockingitistowatchsuchanenduringembodimentofourcountryburn.Itismuchmorethanareligioussite.PresidentEmmanuelMacronhasexpressedtheshockofa“wholenation”atthefire.NotreDameis“partofourcommon15..
Thecathedralishometo16.ofpricelessartifacts,artworkandrelicscollectedoverthecenturies,eachwiththeirownstory.Butmanypeoplefearedthesetreasuresmightbelostforever.
TheParsFireBrigadetweetedthatthecathedra’sstoneconstructionhasbeen“saved,”ashavethe“mainworksofart.”Asmoreinformationemerges,whathasbeenrescuedfromNotreDameisbecoming17..Yetmanydetails,suchaspossiblewaterdamagefromtheoperationtosavethebuilding,arestillunclear.
TheCrownofThorns,whichsomebelievewasplacedontheheadofJesusandwhichthecathedralcallsits“mostpreciousandmostrespectedrelic,”wasrescuedfromthefire.
OnTuesday,AppleCEOTimCooktweetedthatthecompanywillmakeadonationtorestoretheiconic850-year-oldcathedral.Hedidn’t18.onhowmuchAppleisplanningtodonate.Thecompanyddnotimmediatelyrespondtoa19.forcomment.
SomeofFrance’swealthiestfamilieshavemadeafundingefforttorebuildthePariscathedralfollowingthe20.fire.
三、完形填空
ScientistsinNorwayhavemoregoodnewsforcoffeedrinkers.Researchershavealreadyfoundevidencethatthedrink--orthebeanscanhelpwithweightloss,21one’sriskofdevelopingsomediseases,22musclegrowth,protectagainstcertaintypesofcancersandcanevenreduceonesriskof23death.Nowcomeswordthatacupofcoffeereducesphysicalpain.
Thesurprisingfindingisbasedonstudy2448volunteerswhoagreedtospend90minutesperformingfakecomputertasksmeanttomimicofficework.Thetaskswereknownto25painintheshoulders,neck,forearmsandwrists,andtheresearcherswantedto26howpeoplewithpainandthosewhowerepain-freetoleratedthepainofsuchtasks.Asamatterofconvenience,thescientistsallowedpeopletodrinkcoffeebeforetakingthetest“toavoid27effectsofcaffeinedeprivation,e.g.decreasedvigorandalertness,sleepiness,andfatigue,”theyreported.
Butwhenitcametimetoanalyzethedata,theresearchersfromNorway’sNationalInstituteofOccupationalHealthandOsloUniversityHospitalnoticedthatthe19peoplewhodrankcoffeereportedalower28ofpainthanthe29peoplewhodidn’t.Intheshouldersandneck,29,theaveragepainintensitywasrated41(ona100-pointscale)amongthecoffeedrinkersand55fornon-coffeedrinkers.Similargapswerefoundforallpainsitesmeasured,andcoffee’sapparentpain-reductioneffect30.
However,theauthorsofthestudy,whichwaspublishedthisweekinthejournalBMCResearchNotes,cautionedthatsincethestudywasn’tdesignedtotestcoffee’sinfluenceonpain,theresultscamewithmany31.Forstarters,theresearchersdon’tknowhowmuchcoffeethecoffeedrinkersconsumedbeforetakingthecomputertests.32theydoubtwhetherthecoffeedrinkersandnon-coffeedrinkerswere33inallrespectsexceptfortheircoffeeconsumption.Problemslikethesetendto34theimportanceofthefindings.Butthosedoubtsare35totroublethecoffeedrinkerslookingforanyreasonnottocutbackontheirdailycaffeinehabit.
21.A.riseB.reduceC.releaseD.suffer
22.A.shapeB.establishC.boostD.preserve
23.A.accidentalB.suddenC.prematureD.suspicious
24.A.qualifyingB.exploringC.interviewingD.involving
25.A.causeB.endureC.caseD.cure
26.A.warnB.compareC.relieveD.treat
27.A.unpleasantB.modestC.unfortunateD.exhausted
28.A.tendencyB.intentionC.intensityD.extension
29.A.onthecontraryB.asaresultC.forinstanceD.inoneword
30.A.turnedupB.brokeoutC.gaveawayD.tookup
31.A.insecuritiesB.uncertaintiesC.consequencesD.destructions
32.A.MoreoverB.HoweverC.OtherwiseD.Nevertheless
33.A.contemporaryB.similarC.temporaryD.initial
34.A.emphasizeB.attachC.confirmD.weaken
35.A.unlikelyB.sensitiveC.accessibleD.definite
四、阅读选择
OnepictureintheWonderBookofknowledgeIhadasalittleboyshowedamanreadingabookwhilefloatingintheDeadSea.Whatamiracle!
Howwoulditfeeltoliebackinwatersothickwithsaltthatitwasimpossibletosink?
FedbytheJordanRiverandsmallerstreams,theDeadSeaisthelowestpointontheearth’ssurface,anditswateristentimessaltierthantheMediterranean.Withevaporationitsonlyoutlet,saltandothermineralsbecomesuper-concentrated.
Earlierthisyear,Idrovedownthelong,steephilltorealizemydream.Theshorelinewasabroadareaofbaresalt-mud,butthewateredgewasfaroutofsight.HadsomebodypulledtheDeadSea’splug?
Iwondered.EliDior,anIsraeliofficial,explainedtheproblem:
“TheDeadSeaisdryingup.Everyyear,thesurfacedropsaboutonemeter,andasthewaterlevelfalls,shadowareasarelefthighanddry.”
Overthelasthalf-century,thefiveneighboringcountrieshavecollectivelydivertednearlyallthewaterflowingintotheDeadSeatomeethumanandagricultureneeds.Result:
theDeadSeaisbeingemptied.
Withpopulationintheregionsettodoubleatleastinthenext50years,thereislittlehopeofrestoringthewaterbeingdivertedforhumanconsumption.NocountryhasadroptosparefortheDeadSea,wheretheyknowitwilljustevap