英语二阅读真题同源过关练习20篇Word格式.docx

英语二阅读真题同源过关练习20篇Word格式.docx

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找到出题处 

C. 

挑五个句子翻译 

D. 

将文中单词认真背完

LastmonthSherylSandberg,chiefoperatingofficeratFacebook,published 

“LeanIn”,acontroversialmanifestoonwhywomenhavenotascendedtothemostseniorpositionsatcompanies. 

Sheconcludesthatitispartlywomen’sownfault:

theydonot 

“leanin”andaskforpromotions,pipeupatmeetingsandinsistontakingaseatatthetable.

Threenewbookswillnothavethesameimpactas 

“LeanIn”,buttheyoffersomeinterestingnewperspectivesonhowwomenarecopingatwork,andwhatisholdingthemback.Someofitisdowntosimplemiscommunication.

BarbaraAnnisandJohnGrayarguein 

“WorkWithMe” 

thatmenandwomenarebiologicallywiredtothinkandreactdifferentlytosituations,andhave 

“genderblindspots” 

whenitcomestounderstandingtheirco-workers’ 

behavior.MsAnnis,wholeadsworkshopsongenderforbigcompaniesandgovernments,andMrGray,authorof 

“MenarefromMars,WomenarefromVenus”,abestsellingbookin1992aboutrelationshipproblems,havecollaboratedtoproduceaneasy-to-readguidetoworkplacecommunications.

Womenaskmorequestions,gathermorepeople’sopinionsandseekcollaborationwithco-workersmorefrequentlythanmen.Menviewthesepreferencesassignsofweakness,andwomen,inturn,growannoyedbyhowcompetitivelymenwork,andhowquicklyandunilaterallytheyarriveatconclusions.Ifbothfemaleandmaleemployeesbecamemore“genderintelligent” 

abouthowtheirworkandbehavioralpreferencesarehard-wired,itwouldcontributetoamoreharmoniousworkforce.

Womenhavebeenchoosingtoleavecompaniesattwicetherateofmen,andmorethanhalfthewomenwhomtheauthorsmetinworkshopswereconsideringleavingtheirfirms.Womenoftentelltheirbossesthattheyarequittingforpersonalreasons,butthemajorityactuallyleavebecausetheyfeelexcludedfromteamsandnotvaluedfortheircontributions.Yettherealityisthatwomenoftenhavetroublecommunicatingwithotherwomenatworkaswell,thoughtheauthorsdonotexplaininquiteasmuchdetailwhythisisso.Communicationandgenderequalityarenotjustproblemsatlargefirms.

Mostpeopleagreethatmoreneedstochangeintheworkplace.Menstilloccupymosttopjobs,donotfeelcomfortablementoringyoungerwomenandjudgeyoungmendifferentlyfromyoungwomen.However,afterdecadesofwomenfailingtogainequalrepresentationinexecutivesuites,itisnotablehowmanybooksnowfocusonwomenalteringtheirbehavior,ratherthanmenchangingtheirwayofdoingthings.Womencannotchangetheirfateontheirown.Isn’ttheresponsibilityformento 

“leanin” 

tolistenandadvancewomenintheworkforce?

1Thebook 

“LeanIn” 

inthebeginningisusedto_______.

A.explainthereasonsofgenderprejudice

B.introducethetopictobediscussed

C.describeagreatandadmirablewoman

D.depictsurvivingskillsinworkplace

2AccordingtoBarbaraAnnisandJohnGray,genderblindspotsattributeto_______.

A.inherentdistinctions

B.differentthinkingpatterns

C.educationaldifferences

D.unique 

cognitions

3A 

betterrelationshipinworkingmaycomeoutof_______.

A.moreintelligence

B.betterunderstandingofsexualimpact

C.bettercontrolofbehavior

D.goodperformanceinworking

4AllofthefollowingaspectsarethereasonswhywomenleavecompaniesExcept_______.

A.theircontributionsareoverlooked

B.theyfindithardtointegrateintoworkinggroups

C.therearesomeproblemsincommunication

D.sexualdiscriminationisincreasinglyserious

5Theauthor’sattitudetowardsmales’ 

helpingfemalesinworkingcanbedescribedas_______.

A.indifferentB.biasedC. 

supportive 

D. 

opposed

英语二阅读真题同源过关练习连载二：

五段

435

动物实验与健康

做题 

找到出题处 

将文中单词认真背完

Onceuponatimetheoverstressedexecutivebellowingordersintoatelephone,cancellingmeetings,stayinglateattheofficeanddyingofaheartattackwasastereotypeofmodernity.Thatwasbeforethe 

Whitehall 

studies,aseriesofinvestigationsofBritishcivilservantsbeguninthe1960s.Thesestudiesfoundthatthetruthispreciselytheopposite.Thoseatthetopofthepeckingorderactuallyhavetheleaststressfulandmosthealthylives.Cardiacarrest-and,indeed,earlydeathfromanycause-istheprerogativeofunderlings.

Suchresultshavesincebeenconfirmedmanytimes,bothinhumansocietiesandinotherprimatespecieswithstrongsocialhierarchies.Butwhereasthepatterniswell-understood,thebiologicalmechanismsunderlyingitarenot.AstudyjustpublishedintheProceedingsofthe 

National 

Academy 

ofSciences,however,shedssomelightonthematter.

Init,agroupofresearchersledbyJennyTungandYoavGiladatthe 

University 

of 

Chicago

lookedattheeffectsofstatusonrhesusmacaques.Experiencehasshownthatthesemonkeysdisplaythesimianequivalentofthe 

studies'

findings.Thehighriskofdiseaseamongthoseatthebottomoftheheapinbothcasessuggeststhatbiochemicalresponsestolowstatusaffectacreature'

simmunesystem.Thoseresponsesmust,inturn,dependonchangesinthewaythecreatures'

genesareexpressed.Toinvestigatethisphenomenonmeansmanipulatingsocialhierarchies,butthatwouldbehard（andprobablyunethical）ifitweredonetohumanbeings.Youcan,however,doittomonkeys,andtheresearchersdid.

DrTungandDrGiladtook49middle-rankingfemalemacaquesandsplitthemintogroupsoffourorfive.Theresearcherswereabletocontrolwhereinagroupanindividualrankedbytheorderinwhichitwasintroducedintoitsgroup（newlyintroducedmonkeysalmostalwaysadoptarolesubordinatetoexistinggroupmembers）.Thehierarchiesthusestablished,theteamconductedtestsoncellsinthemonkeys'

blood,inanattempttodeterminetheeffectofamacaque'

srankonherbiochemistryand,inparticular,onhowrankinfluencestheactivityofvariousgenes.

Aswithanyanimalstudy,thisonecannotsimplybe 

mappedstraightonto 

humans.Butitdoesprovidepointersthatresearcherswhoworkonpeoplecanuse.Inparticular,theexperimentensuredthatsocialrankwastheonlyfactorbeingchanged,providingstrongevidencethatthechainofcausalityrunsfromlowsocialstatus,throughadisruptedimmunesystemtoworsehealth,andnottheotherwayaround.Thebestmedicine,then,ispromotion.Prosper,andlivelong.

1. 

Executivesatthehighrank_______.

A.leadahappyandmeaningfullife

B.sufferfromtremendousstress

C.fallintovictimsofviolence

D.haveapressure-freeandhealthylife

2. 

Thereasonwhytheexperimentisperformedonmonkeysisthat_______.

itiseasyandhaslesstodowith 

moralprinciples

monkeysarewillingtobedoneso

humanbeingsaremoreselfishandself-centered

theexperimentisdifficultandcostly

3. 

Thehierarchiesarebuilt 

by 

the 

means 

of_______.

A.measuringtheirweight

B.predictingtheirdevelopment

C.judgingtheirability

D.definingtheirsequence

4. 

Thephrase 

‘mappedonto’ 

inthelastparagraphmaymean_______.

A.deprivedofB.appliedtoC.translatedintoD.regardedas

5. 

Thebesttitleofthepassagemaybe_______.

modernleadersandleadership

neversaynever

socialstatusandhealth

rank,animalexperimentationsandpressure

英语二阅读真题同源过关练习连载三：

450

心理学

“ISSINoriginal?

” 

ThatisthequestionaddressedbyShaulShalvi,apsychologistattheUniversityofAmsterdam,inapaperjustpublishedinPsychologicalScience.DrShalviandhiscolleagues,OriEldarandYoellaBereby-MeyerofBen-GurionUniversityinIsrael,wantedtoknowiftheimpulsetocheatissomethingthatgrowsordiminisheswhenthepotentialcheaterhastimeforreflectiononhisactions.Ischeating,inotherwords,instinctiveorcalculating?

Appropriately,theresearchers’ 

apparatusfortheirexperimentwasthaticonofsinfulactivity,thegamblingdie.Theywantedtofindoutwhetherpeopleweremorelikelytolieabouttheresultofadierollwhenaskedthatresultimmediately,orwhengiventimetothink.

Tocarryouttheirexperiment,DrShalvi,DrEldarandDrBereby-Meyergaveeachof76volunteersasix-sideddieandacup.Participantsweretoldthatanumberofthem,chosenatrandom,wouldearntenshekels（about$2.50）foreachpipofthenumeraltheyrolledonthedie.Theyweretheninstructedtoshaketheircups,checktheoutcomeoftherolleddieandrememberthisroll.Next,theywereaskedtorollthedietwomoretimes,tosatisfythemselvesthatitwasnotloaded,and,thatdone,toentertheresultofthefirstrollonacomputerterminal.Halfoftheparticipantsweretoldtocompletethisprocedurewithin20secondswhiletheothersweregivennotimelimit.

Theresearchershadnowayofknowingwhatnumbersparticipantsactuallyrolled,ofcourse.Buttheyknew,statistically,thattheaverageroll,ifpeoplereportedhonestly,shouldhavebeen3.5.Thisgavethemabaselinefromwhichtocalculateparticipants’ 

honesty.Thoseforcedtoentertheirresultswithin20seconds,theresearchersfound,reportedameanrollof4.6.Thosewhowerenotunderanytimepressurereportedameanrollof3.9.Bothgroupslied,then.Butthosewhohadhadmoretimeforreflectionliedless.

Asecondexperimentconfirmedthisresult.Adifferentbunchofvolunteerswereaskedtorollthediejustonce.Again,halfwereputundertimepressureand,sincetherewerenoadditionalrollstomake,therestrictionwaschangedfrom20secondstoeight.Theotherswereallowedtoconsiderthematterforaslongastheywished.

Theconclusion,therefore,atleastinthematter