研究园林绿化工程的养护与管理措施Word文件下载.docx
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养护管理;
关键点;
措施
Keywords:
landscape;
Maintenanceandmanagement;
Akeypoint;
measures
1 园林绿化工程养护与管理的意义城市园林绿化的发展城市投资环境、提升城市形象,促进社会经济可持续发展起到了重要作用。
由于园林绿化的主体材料是有生命的植物,需要连续的养护和管理。
只有通过精心养护与管理,才能在保持现有园林绿化工程成果的基础上,充分体现绿化的生态价值,景观价值和人文价值。
因此,要让园林绿化工程持续的发挥作用,养护与管理工作是关键。
1landscapingengineeringmaintenanceandmanagementofthesignificanceofthedevelopmentoftheurbanlandscapingcityinvestmentenvironment,promotecityimage,whichplaysanimportantroleinpromotingthesustainabledevelopmentofsocialeconomy.Becausethemainbodyoflandscapematerialislivingplant,needcontinuousmaintenanceandmanagement.Onlythroughcarefulmaintenanceandmanagement,tomaintainexistinglandscapingengineeringresults,onthebasisoffullyreflecttheecologicalvalueofthegreeningandlandscapevalueandhumanisticvalue.Therefore,toletthegardengreeningprojectscontinuetoplayarole,maintenanceandmanagementworkisthekey.
2 园林绿化工程养护与管理的要求对园林绿化工程的养护管理:
一方面是养护,即根据不同园林树木的生长需要和某些特定的要求,及时对树木采取如灌溉排水,整形修剪,防治病虫害等技术措施;
另一方面是管理,即看管维护,绿地的清扫保洁等园艺管理工作,以保证树木栽植的成活率,预防早期转衰,延长绿化效果。
2landscapingengineeringmaintenanceandmanagementofthemaintenancemanagementoflandscapingproject:
ontheonehandismaintenance,namelyaccordingtothegrowthofdifferentlandscapeplantsneedandsomespecificrequirements,timelyontreessuchasirrigationanddrainage,trimming,technologymeasuressuchaspreventionandtreatmentofplantdiseasesandinsectpests;
Managementisontheotherhand,thesupervisionmaintenance,greencleaningcleaningthegardenmanagement,toensurethesurvivalrateoftreesplanted,fadingearlyprevention,extendthegreeningeffect.
园林树木养护管理要具有一定的质量标准,即要保证树木生长健壮、美观,又要保持树木周围地面土壤疏松、通气,树基部无堆积污染物现象。
Landscapeplantsandmaintenancemanagementshouldhavecertainqualitystandards,namelytoensurethetreegrowthstrong,beautiful,andtokeepthetreesaroundthegroundsoilloose,ventilation,basenoaccumulationofpollutants.
3 园林绿化工程养护与管理的关键点3.1增加土壤肥力,防止水土流失地被植物生长期内,应根据各类植物的需要,及时补充肥力,尤其对一些观花地被植物更重要。
在栽植地的土壤保持疏松、肥沃的同时,排水工作一定要做好。
一般情况下,应每年检查,暴雨过后要仔细查看有无冲刷损坏。
3.13landscapingengineeringmaintenanceandmanagementofthekeypointstoincreasesoilfertility,preventsoilerosionbyplantgrowthperiod,shouldaccordingtotheneedsofallkindsofplants,timelysupplementaryfertility,especiallyforsomeflowergroundcoverplantsismoreimportant.Whiletheplantingsitetokeeptheloose,fertilesoil,drainageworkmustbedonewell.Ingeneral,youshouldcheckeveryyear,aftertheheavyraintotakeacloserlookatpresenceoferosiondamage.
3.2注意抗旱灌溉
3.2payattentiontoirrigation
地被植物在种植后要及时浇灌,园林树木灌溉的时期主要根据树木在一年内各个物候期的需水特点,当地气候、土壤内水分的变化规律,以及树木栽植时间长短来决定。
Groundcoverplantsmustbewateredintimeafterplanting,landscapeplantsandirrigationperiodmainlyaccordingtothewaterrequirementcharacteristicsoftreesinayeareachphenophase,thechangingruleofthelocalclimate,soilmoisturecontent,andplantingtreeslengthoftimetodecide.
灌溉次数和灌水量要与树种、土质、气候及植株大小相适应,以节约用水和便于作业为原则来选择灌溉方法。
Irrigationfrequencyandirrigationwaterandtreespecies,soil,climate,andplantsize,tosavewaterandtoworkastheprincipletoselecttheirrigationmethods.
3.3注重修剪平整与更新复苏
3.3payattentiontoclipflatandupdatetherecovery
整形与修剪是园林植物栽培过程中一项十分重要而又有情趣的养护管理措施,主要目的是满足观赏和达到美感效果。
一般低矮类型品种不需要进行经常修剪,修剪工作最好安排在傍晚前后地被植物上没有露水时进行,可以避免地被植物的人为损害和阳光的灼晒。
在地被植物养护管理中,常常由于各种不利因素,使成片的地被出现过早衰老。
应根据不同情况,对表土进行刺孔,使根部土壤疏松透气,同时加强施肥浇水,有利于更新复苏。
Reshapingandpruninggardenplantcultivationprocessisaveryimportantandhaveinterestmaintenancemanagementmeasures,themainpurposeistosatisfytheornamentalandaestheticeffect.Generallylowtypebreedoftendon'
tneedtobecut,trimworkbestwhenthereisnodewontheeveningbeforeandafterthegroundcoverplants,canavoidman-madedamageandgroundcoverplantsoftheburningsun.Incoverplantmaintenancemanagement,oftenbecauseofvariousunfavorablefactors,makepiecebyappearprematureaging.Should,accordingtothedifferentsituationoftopsoil,throughtoairtherootsofloosesoil,atthesametimestrengthenthefertilizingwatering,conducivetoupdatetherecovery.
3.4注意地被群落的调整
3.4theadjustmentbycommunity
地被比其他植物栽培期长,但并非一次栽植后一成不变。
除了有些品种具有自身更新能力外,一般均需要从观赏、覆盖效果等方面考虑,在必要时进行适当的调整。
在调整过程中应注意花色协调,如在道路或草坪边缘种上太阳花,则显得高雅、醒目。
Islongerthanotherplantgrowingperiod,butitisnotafixedafterplanting.Besidessomevarietyhasitsownupdateability,usuallyneedtoconsiderfromtheornamental,coveringeffectandsoon,intheproperadjustmentifnecessary.Designandcolorcoordinationshouldbepaidattentiontointheprocessofadjustment,suchasontheedgeoftheroadorlawnplantedsunflowers,appearelegantandeye-catching.
3.5防寒与病虫害的防治
3.5thecoldandthepreventionandcontrolofplantdiseasesandinsectpests
某些园林植物,尤其是南种北移的树种,难以适应北方的严寒冬季,为防止冻害发生,需及时采取春灌、保护树干等防寒措施。
对于病虫害的发生,要以防为主,要防早、治小,除了要慎重对待,科学防治,同时要保护环境,减少农药污染。
Somegardenplant,especiallythesouthnorthofthetreespecies,difficulttoadapttothecoldwinterinthenorth,topreventcoldinjuryoccurred,shouldbetimelytotakeprotectionmeasuresinspring,andprotectionofthetrunk.Fortheoccurrenceofpestanddiseasetogivepriorityto,incasetopreventearly,treatsmall,inadditiontoseriously,scientificpreventionandcontrol,atthesametimetoprotecttheenvironment,reducepesticidepollution.
4 加强园林绿化工程养护管理的相关措施4.1积极防止自然灾害的侵袭做好园林绿化工程的养护,要积极防止暴风、暴雨、干旱等自然灾害的侵袭。
在暴风来临前要将树冠适当抽稀,支撑加固;
在暴雨来临时在地势低,易积水处开排水沟;
发生水涝,可打洞使水渗入地下。
对于不能耐旱的树种栽植后都应将主干和主枝少白或喷白,以防树皮晒裂,对树干绕绳或包扎麻片。
4tostrengthenthemanagementoflandscapeengineeringmaintenancemeasuresactivelytopreventnaturaldisastershit4.1thelandscapingengineeringmaintenance,shouldactivelypreventwindandstorm,droughtandothernaturaldisasters.Beforethestormwillcrownsmokesparse,appropriatesupportreinforcement;
Intheheavyraincameonthelower,easyseeperplaceopendrains;
Waterlogged,seepingintothegroundtoplaywater.Forcan'
thardytreeplantingafterthetrunkandmainbranchshouldbelessspraywhiteorwhite,incaseofsuncrack,thebarkofthetrunklineorbinduphemp.
4.2加强平时的看管、检查工作
4.2tostrengthenthesupervisionandcheckingworkatordinarytimes
为了保护树木,免遭或少受人为破坏,对于一些怕践踏的树种,如树根较浅的树种,应当选用绿篱保护起来,与游人隔离。
如果发现树木倾斜,要及时扶正加固,一些重点地区应设专人看管,定期巡视,与有关部门配合协作,及时发现问题及时处理。
如果发现树木遭到损伤而不能存活,应尽早伐挖。
Inordertoprotectthetrees,fromorlessaffectedbyman-madedestruction,forsomeofthefearoftramplingontreespecies,suchastheshallowrootsoftreespecies,shouldchoosehedgeprotectedfromthevisitors.Iffoundtreestilt,torightingreinforcementintime,somekeyareasshouldbedesignatedpersonsclosely,andregularvisits,cooperatewithrelevantdepartmentsofthecoordination,timelyfindproblemstimelyprocessing.Ifitisfoundthattreesaredamagedandcan'
tsurvive,shouldcutdigassoonaspossible.
4.3园林养护管理应与施工有机结合园林绿化工程的施工和养护管理两者是相互联系、相辅相成,两者的有机结合是一个成功的园林作品的必然要求。
园林的养护应贯穿施工全过程,在绿化工程的施工中就采取适当的养护措施,例如在绿化工程施工中就要保证树木种植的成活率,达到预想的绿化效果。
4.3gardenmaintenancemanagementshouldcombinewiththeconstructionlandscapeconstructionandmaintenancemanagementisbothcontacteachother,supplementeachother,theorganiccombinationofbothisnecessaryforasuccessfulgardenworks.Gardenmaintenanceshouldbethroughoutthewholeconstructionprocess,inthegreeningprojectsofconstructionistheappropriatemaintenancemeasuresaretaken,suchasinthegreeningengineeringconstructionwillensuretreesplantingsurvivalrate,reachesexpectedeffect.
4.4加大园林绿化养护管理的资金投入上级主管部门要加大园林绿化工程养护管理经费的投入,为搞好养护管理创造有利条件。
科学技术是第一生产力,只有加大资金投入,广泛深入开展园林科学技术研究,全面增强园林从业人员的科学技术素质,才能有效提高园林养护管理的整体水平。
4.4increaseafforestationmaintenancemanagementoffundsintothecompetentdepartmenttoincreaseinvestmentingardengreeningengineeringmaintenancemanagementfunds,tocreatefavorableconditionsforimprovemaintenancemanagement.Scienceandtechnologyisthefirstproductiveforce,onlyincreasefinancialinput,in-depthresearchongardenofscienceandtechnology,acomprehensiveenhancegardenworkersqualityofscienceandtechnology,caneffectivelyimprovetheoveralllevelofgardenmaintenancemanagement.
5 结语
5conclusion
园林绿化是现代化城市的重要标志,是改善生态环境的重要途径,园林绿化工程养护与管理工作在园林绿化工程工作中起着举足轻重的作用,它是一种持续性、长效性的工作,有较高的技术要求,只有高质量、高水平的养护与管理,才能使园林绿化发挥更大的生态效益和社会效益,园林景观才能逐渐达到完美的景观效果。
Afforestationistheimportantsymbolofmoderncity,isanimportantapproachtoimprovetheecologicalenvironment,landscapingengineeringmaintenanceandmanagementworkingardengreeningengineeringworkplaysanimportantrole,itisasustainable,long-termwork,havehightechnicalrequirements,onlyhighquality,highlevelofmaintenanceandmanagement,tomakethelandscapingplayamoreimportantecologicalandsocialbenefits,landscapeeffectoflandscapeinordertoachieveperfectgradually.
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