职称英语专项练习题Word文件下载.docx

职称英语专项练习题Word文件下载.docx

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Paincantakecompletecontrolofourbodyandmind，makingitimpossibletomoveandeventothink.Yetweneedpain.Withoutit，wewouldnotknow.1fwehavehurtourselves.Itisourbody'

swarningsystem.?

2

PainisthemostcommonreasonwegotoadoctorItisthemostcommonreasonwetakemedicines.Untilrecently，however，mostdoctorsknewofonlyafewdrugsthatstoppedsomepains?

3?

Butnewknowledgeabouttheprocessofpainishelpingthemtocontrolpainbetter.

Scientistshavelearnedthatthesenseofpainismadeupofbothchemicalandelectricalsignals.?

4?

Scientistsalsohavelearnedthatthenervoussystemsendstwodifferentkindsofpainmessagestothebrain：

oneveryfast，theotherslow.Thefirstmessageisthewarningsignal.Itmovesataspeedof30metersasecond.Inlessthanasecond，thebrainunderstandsthatpartofthebodyishurtandhowbadlyitisinjured.?

5?

Ittellsusnottousetheinjuredpartuntilitheals.

AAndothershavepainfulattacksallthetime.

BThesesignalstravelfromnervecellsintheinjuredarea，upthespinalcord（脊髓）tothebrain，andbackdownagain.

CIttellsusthatWeareinjuredandshoulddosomethingaboutit

DTheyknewlittleabouttheprocessofpainitself.

ETheothermessagemovesataspeedofonly013~meterasecond.

FAndtheysendthesecond，slowermessageofpaintothebrain.

参考答案：

ACDBE

ConservationorWastedEffort？

　?

Theblackrobin（旅鸫）isoneoftheworld'

srarestbirds.Itisasmall，wildbird，anditlivesonlyontheislandofLittleMangere，offthecoastofNewZealand.In1967therewereaboutfiftyblackrobinsthere；

in1977therewerefewerthanten._____1_____

Energeticstepsarebeingtakentopreservetheblackrobin._____2_____Theideaistobuyanotherislandnearbyasaspecialhome，a"

reserve"

，forthreatenedwildlife，includingblackrobins.TheorganizerssaythatLittleMangereshouldthenberestocked（重新准备）withtherobin'

sfood.ThousandsoftherequiredplantsareatpresentbeingcultivatedinNewZealand.

Isallthisconcernawasteofhumaneffort？

_____3_____Arewelosingoursenseofwhatisreasonableandwhatisunreasonable？

Intheearth'

slong，longpasthundredsofkindsofcreatureshaveevolved，risentoadegreeofsuccessanddiedout.Inthelong，longfuturetherewillbemanynewanddifferentformsoflife.Thosecreaturesthatadaptthemselvessuccessfullytowhattheearthofferswillsurviveforalongtime._____4_____Thisisnature'

sprovenmethodofoperation.

Theruleofselection——"

thesurvivalofthefittest"

——istheonebywhichhumanbeingshavethemselvesarrivedonthescene.We，beingoneofthemostadaptablecreaturestheearthhasyetproduced，maylastlongerthanmost._____5_____Youmaytakeitasanotherrulethatwhen，atlast，humanbeingsshowsignsofdyingout，noothercreaturewillextendapaw（爪）topostponeourdeparture.Onthecontrary，wewillbehurriedout.

Lifeseemstohavegrowntootoughforblackrobins.Ileaveyoutojudgewhetherweshouldtrytodoanythingaboutit.

ASomecreatures，certainsmallanimals，insectsandbirds，willalmostcertainlyoutlastman，fortheyseemevenmoreadaptable.

BThosethatfailtomeetthechallengeswilldisappearearly.

CDetailedstudiesaregoingon，andapublicappealformoneyhasbeenmade.

DBothrepresentordersintheclassificationoflife

EIsitanybusinessofourswhethertheblackrobinsurvivesordiesout？

FThesearetheonlyblackrobinsleftintheworld

FCEBA

LivingAloneIsJoyful

MoreandmoreAmericansarelivingalone.Somelivealonebecauseofdivorceorthedeathofapartner._1_AccordingtoarecentU.S.census（人口普查），25percentofallhouseholdsintheU.S.aremadeupofjustoneperson.Thisisadramaticchangefromtheextendedfamiliesofjustacoupleofgenerationsago.

Thetypicalpersonlivingaloneisneitheroldnorlonely.__2__Themajorityofthesepeoplehavechosentolivealone.Theyarerespondingtodecreasingsocialpressuretogetmarriedandhaveafamily.

It'

snowsociallyacceptable，evenfashionable，tolivealone.Aspeoplegetbetterjobsandbecomefinanciallyindependent，itbecomespossibleforthemtomaintainaone-personhousehold.__3__However，peoplewhodogetmarriedaremarryingatalaterageanddivorcingmoreoften.

Thenumberonereasongivenbymostpeopleforlivingaloneisthattheysimplyenjoydoingwhattheywantwhentheywanttodoit."

Livingaloneisaluxury，"

saysNinaHagiwara，338."

Onceyoudoit，youcan'

tevergobacktolivingwithothers."

DavidC-Debaca，46，agrees.__4__

Childrenthinkthatbeinggrownupmeansbeingabletodoexactlyastheyplease.__5__ThechancetodiscoverwhetherthatfreedomisaswonderfulasitsoundsisachancemoreandmoreAmericansaretaking.

AThere'

smorepressuretogetmarriednowadays.

BThegrowingnumberofwomenwithgoodjobshasdonemuchtoincreasethenumberofpeoplelivingalone.

CHowever，evenmorepeoplearelivingalonebecausetheyhavechosento.

DItseemsthatmanygrown-upstodayarerealizingthatchildhooddream.

EInfacts，aquarterofthe23millionsinglepeopleintheU.S.areundertheageof35.

FHesays，"

Ilikebeingbymyself.

参考答案：

C　E　B　F　D

ChestCompressions:

MostImportantofCPR1

　　Cardiopulmonaryresuscitation,orCPR,cansavethelifeofsomeonewhosehearthasstopped.Theconditioniscalledcardiacarresta.Theheartstopspumpingblood.Thepersonstopsbreathing.Withoutlifesavingmeasures,thebrainstartstodiewithinfourtosixminutes.CPRcombinesbreathingintothevictim'

smouthandrepeatedpressesonthechest.____1___.

　　However,anewJapanesestudyquestionstheusefulnessofmouth-to-mouthbreathing.ThestudywaspublishedintheBritishmedicalmagazine,TheI,ancet3.DoctorsinTokyoledtheresearch.Itexaminedmorethanfourthousandpeoplewhohadsufferedcardiacarrest.Inallthecases,witnessessawtheeventhappen.

　　Morethanonethousandofthevictimsreceivedsomekindofmedicalassistancefromwitnesses.SevenhundredandtwelvereceivedCPR.Fourhundredandthirty-ninereceivedchestpressesonly___2___TheresearcherssayanykindofCPRimprovedchancesofthepatient'

ssurvival.But,theysaidthosepeopletreatedwithonlychestpressessufferedlessbraindamage.Twenty-twopercentsurvivedwithgoodbrainability___3____.

　　TheAmericanHeartAssociation4changeditsguidelinesforCPRchestpressesin2005.

　　___4___GordonEwyisaheartdoctorattheUniversityofArizonaCollegeofMedicineinTucson.Hewroteareportthatappearedwiththestudy.DoctorEwythinkstheCPRguidelinesshouldbechangedagain.Hesaidtheheartassociationshouldremoverescuebreathsfromtheguidelines.HearguesthatmorewitnessestocardiacarrestswouldprovidetreatmentifrescuebreathsarenotapartofCPR,Hesaysthiswouldsavelives___5___.

Cardiacarrestkillsmorethan300,000peopleintheUnitedStateseveryyear.TheAmericanHeartAssociationsaysaboutninety-fivepercentofvictimsdiebeforetheygettoamedicalcenter.

ASofar,wehavenotknownexactlyyetwhethermouth-to-mouthbreathingisreallyuselessinCPR.

　　BOnlytenpercentofthevictimstreatedwithtraditionalCPRsurvivedwithgoodbrainability.

　　CCPRkeepsbloodandoxygenflowingtotheheartandbrain.

　　DHisstudiesshowthatmanypeopledonotwanttoperformmouth-to-mouthbreathingonastrangerforfearofgettingadisease.

　　EItsaidpeopleshouldincreasethenumberofchestpressesfromfifteentothirtyforeverytwobreathsgiven.

FNomouth-to-mouthrescuebreathsweregiventothem.

CFBED

CaribbeanIslands

　　WhatwouldyouseeifyoutookacruisetotheCaribbeanIslands?

Palmtreesandcoconuts?

whitebeachesandclear，blueocean?

Colorfulcoralsandevenmorecolorfulfishesandbirds?

Youbet．TherearethousandsofislandsintheCaribbeanSea．Theyarefamousfortheirwarm，tropicalclimateandgreatnaturalbeauty．

TheCaribbeanIslandsformachainthatseparatestheCaribbeanSeafromtherestoftheAtlanticOcean.1______Manyoftheislandswereformedbytheeruptionofancientvolcanoes．Othersarelow-lyingcoralislandsthatgraduallyrosefromtheocean.

TheCaribbeanIslandsareknownbyseveralnames.2______TheexplorerChristopherColumbuscalledtheislandstheIndiesin1492becausehethoughthewasnearthecoastofIndia．Later，SpainandFrancecalledtheislandstheAntilles．

TherearefourlargeislandsintheCaribbeanSea．3_______ThesefourislandsareoftencalledtheGreaterAntilles．Together，theyaccountforabout90percentofthelandareaoftheCaribbeanIslands．

TherestoftheCaribbeanIslandsaremuchsmaller．4______YoucanseewhypiratessuchasthefamousBlackbeardsailedthesewaters.Therearecountlesssmallislandstoburytreasureorhideon.

TheweatheroftheCaribbeanSeaisalmostalwayswarmandsunny．Sandybeacheslinethecoastsofmanyislands.5______Manytouristsarriveoncruiseships．

　　AButlifeontheCaribbeanIslandsisnotalwaysparadise．

　　BTheearliestnameusedbyEuropeansistheIndies，laterchangedtotheWestIndies．

　　CThey’relikealongnecklacethatstretchesbetweenNorthandSouthAmerica．

　　DTheyareCub