heavy oil emulsion fuel compositionWord格式.docx

heavy oil emulsion fuel compositionWord格式.docx

《heavy oil emulsion fuel compositionWord格式.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《heavy oil emulsion fuel compositionWord格式.docx（21页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

TadakazuYamashita;

ShinichiSatake,bothofKanagawa,allofJapan

[73]Assignees:

KaoCorporation;

NipponOil

Company,Limited,Tokyo,Japan

[21]Appl.No.:

207,151

[22]Filed:

Mar.8,1994

[30]ForeignApplicationPriorityData

Mar.17,1993[JP]Japan5-057086

Aug.24,1993[JP]Japan5-209232

[51]Int.CL«

C10L1/32

[52]U.S.Q44/302;

44/445

[58]FieldofSearch44/302,443,445

[56]ReferencesCited

U.S.PATENTDOCUMENTS

4,455,1496/1984Satakeetal44/302

4,770,6709/1988Hazbunetal..

5,024,6766/1991Moriyamaetal44/301

5,104,4184/1992Genevaetal44/302

5,156,65210/1992Gregolietal44/302

5,259,85111/1993Genevaetal44/302

Aheavyoilemulsionfuelcompositionwhichcontainsheavyoils,suchasbitumenandasphalt,whereintheheavyoilemulsionfuelcompositioncanbeusedasasubstitutefuelforheavyfueloils,andhasanenhancedcombustionefficiencytotherebyreducethecontentofsoot,dustandnitrogenoxidesaftercombustion,whichcomprises（a）40to85%byweightofaheavyoil,（b）10to40%byweightofwater,（c）0.1to5%byweightofasurfactantand（d）atleast0.1%byweightofatleastonecomponentselectedfromthegroupconsistingofwater-solublecompoundshavinginitsmoleculetwoormorehydroxylgroups,monohydricalcoholshaving6ormorecarbonatoms,andmixturesthereof.

11Claims,NoDrawings

12

carbonatoms,andmixturesthereof,hasaviscosity

HEAVYOILEMULSIONFUELCOMPOSITIONrelativelyclosetothatofwater,canbesufficiently

atomizedatatemperatureoffromroomtemperatureto

BACKGROUNDOFTHEINVENTION90°

c>

mdisexcellentinhandleability.Thepresent

1.FieldoftheInvention5inventorshavefoundthat,byvirtueoftheincorporaThepresentinventionrelatestoaheavyoilemulsiontionofthewater-solublecompoundhavinginitsmole

fuelcomposition.Moreparticularly,itisconcernedculetwoormorehydroxylgroupsand/orthemonohy

withanaqueousemulsionfuelcompositioncomprisingdricalcoholhaving6ormorecarbonatoms,theresul

（a）aheavyoil,（b）water,（c）asurfactantand（d）atleasttantheavyoilemulsionfuelcompositionisexcellentin

onecomponentselectedfromthegroupconsistingof10fluidity,despiteitsveryhighheavyoilconcentration,

water-solublecompoundshavinginitsmoleculetwoormdhasexcellentstabilitysuchthatneitherseparation

morehydroxylgroups,monohydricalcoholshaving6nQrbreakoftheemulsionoccursevenafterst

ormorecarbonatoms,andmixturesthereof.Theemul-f,•jr^-T-vi_•

sionfuelcompositionofthepresentinventionhasexcel-fora^f"

od°

ftune'

Further'

thfePresentmventofs

lentstoragestabilityandlesspollutiveproperty.15havefoundthattheincorporationofthewater-soluble

2.DescriptionoftheRelatedArtcompoundhavingmitsmoleculetwoormorehydroxylInrecentyears,therehasbeenademandfortheSrouPsand/orthemonohydncalcoholhaving6or

developmentofasubstitutefuelforpetroleum,whichismorecarbonatomscancontributetoasignificantre

widelyusedasanenergysource,duetothedecreaseinductioninthelevelsofsoot,dustandnitrogenoxides

thepetroleumreserveanditsaccompanyingrisein20thatarepresentintheexhaustgasesand,hence,can

price.Undertheabove-describedcircumstances,stud-rendertheemulsionfuellesspollutive.ieshavebeenmadetoconvertheavyoils,suchasoilThus,thepresentinventionrelatestoaheavyoil

sand,bitumens,distillationresiduesofpetroleumandemulsionfuelcompositioncomprisingorconsisting

asphalt,intofuel.essentiallyof（a）aheavyoil,（b）water,（c）asurfactant

However,theseheavyoilsareusuallyanoleaginous25^d（d）atleastonecomponentselectedfromthegroup

materialcontainingabout60to70%,andinsomecases,consistingofwater-solublecompoundshavinginits

morethan70%ofaheavyfractionhavingaboilingmolecuietwoormorehydroxylgroups,monohydric

PSS*°

f4?

°

*°

45°

C>

.^ms?

m*caseshigherthan^^havi6Qrmorficafbonatomsmd...

450C.Thisheavyfractionoftheheavyodsisusuallythereof.More...thepresentinventionrelates

avacuumdistillationresidue,andassuch,donotflow30^,.,,.,,

orhaveaviscosityashighastensofthousandsofcenti-toaheavyol1en^°

*fuelcompositioncomposingor

poisesormore.Forthisreason,whentheheavyoilsareconsistingessentiallyof,basedontheentireamountof

usedasafuel,heatingtoatemperatureashighas280°

components（a）to（d）,40to85%byweightof（a）a

to300°

C.isrequired,orelseproblemsoccurinhan-heavvoU>

10to40%byweightof（b）water,0.1to5%

dling,atomization,etc.,aswellasproblemssuchasthe35byweiShtof（c）asurfactantandatleast0.1%byweight

cloggingofthepiping,etc.,ofthecombustionboilers.of（d）atleastonecomponentselectedfromthegroup

Asdescribedabove,theheavyoilsareverydifficulttoconsistingofwater-solublecompoundshavinginits

useasafuel.moleculetwoormorehydroxylgroups,monohydric

Inordertosolvetheseproblems,U.S.Pat.Nos.alcoholshaving6ormorecarbonatomsandmixtures

4,249,554（publishedonFeb.10,1981;

Assignee:

40thereof.

ConocoInc.）,4,776,977（publishedonOct.11,1988;

Inthepresentinvention,theincorporationofawater

Assignee:

TheBritishPetroleumCompanyp.l.c.）,solublecompoundhavinginitsmoleculetwoormore

4,923,483（publishedonMay8,1990;

In-hydroxylgroupsand/oramonohydricalcoholhaving6

tevep.S.A.）,4,934,398（publishedonJun.19,1990;

ormorecarbonatomsisparticularlyimportant.The

TheBritishPetroleumCompanypic.）,and45water-solublecompoundand/orthemonohydricalco

5^24,676（publishedonJun.181991;

Kaphdcan^rtlong.termstabilittoanemulsionfuel

CorporationandMitsubishiJukogyoKabushJaKai-com^sition>

^contributemmakingtheemuisionfud

sha）andJapanesePatentPublication-ANo.3-97,788com£

sitionlesspollutive.Thepresentinventorshave（publishedonApr.23,1991）proposeemulsionfuels.,,,.,^.f..\.,.-.

Theseemulsionfuels,however,havetheproblemof50^ofoundthatthereexistsanoptimalamountofincor

poorstoragestability,andarenotsatisfactoryemulsionPortionthereof.Theamountofincorporationofthe

fuejswater-solublecompoundhavuiginitsmoleculetwoor

In'

addition,theseheavyoilsexhibithigherresidualmorehydroxylgroupsand/orthemonohydricalcohol

carbonandnitrogencontentsthanthoseofgasoil,kero-havmSmltsmolecule6ormorecarbonatomsisprefer

sineandfueloilgenerallyusedasafuel.Therefore,55ablVintheranSeoffrom0.1to49.9%byweight,still

whentheseheavyoilsareusedasafuel,aseriousprob-preferablyintherangeoffrom0.1to30%byweight

lemarisesinthatthecontentsofsootanddustandbasedontheentireamountofcomponents（a）to（d）,

nitrogenoxidesintheexhaustgasesareincreased.fromtheviewpointsofprofitabilityandlong-termsta

f^emulsionfuelcomposition.

DTSCLOSURFOFTHFTNVFNTTON

DISCLOSUREOFTHEINVENTION^Inthepresentmventionjatleastonecomponentse

SUMMARYOFTHEINVENTIONlectedfromthegroupconsistingofwater-solublecom

Thepresentinventorshavemadeextensivestudiespoundshavinginitsmoleculetwoormorehydroxyl

and,asaresult,havefoundthatanoil-in-watertypegrouPsispreferablyusedascomponent（d）.Insucha

emulsioncompositioncomprising（a）aheavyoil,（b）case,thecontentofthecomponentselectedfromthe

water,（c）asurfactantand（d）atleastonecomponent65groupconsistingofwater-solublecompoundshavingin

selectedfromthegroupconsistingofwater-solubleitsmoleculetwoormorehydroxylgroupsisadvanta

compoundshavinginitsmoleculetwoormorehy-geously0.1to50%byweightbasedontheentire

droxylgroups,monohydricalcoholshaving6ormoreamountofcomponents（a）to（d）.

34

Inthepresentinvention,component（c）advanta-theseparationofwaterfromtheemulsionand,atthegeouslycomprisesanonionicsurfactant,oranonionicsametime,toimproveresistancetofreezing,surfactantandananionicsurfactant.Further,thepresentinventorshavenotedtheinterFurther,thepresentinventionprovidesaheavyoilfacebetweenwaterandtheheavyoilandhavefoundemulsionfuelcompositioncomprisingorconsisting5thattheadditionofamonohydricalcoholhaving6oressentiallyoftheabove-mentionedcomponents（a）tomorecarbonatomsisusefulininhibitingdemulsifica（d）andawater-solublepolymerhavingamoleculartion.Namely,itisbelievedthatamonohydricalcoholweight（Mw）of10,000ormore.Thecontentofthehaving6ormorecarbonatomsispreferentiallyoriwater-solublepolymerhavingamolecularweightentedattheinterfacebetweenwaterandtheheavyoil,（Mw）of10,000ormoreispreferably0.005to3%by10whichlowerstheinterfacialfreeenergyandenhancesweight,stillpreferably0.01to2%byweight,basedonthestabilityofthesystem,sincethemonohydricalcotheentireamountofcomponents（a）to（d）.hoiisslightlysolubleinbothwaterandtheheavyoil.

Furthermore,thepresentinventionprovidesaheavyAdditionally,itisbelievedthataliquidcrystaloragel

oilemulsionfuelcompositioncomprisingorconsistingofthemonohydricalcoholhaving6ormorecarbon

essentiallyoftheabove-mentionedcomponents（a）to15atomsisformedattneinterfa