6165课文讲解文档格式.docx
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IwenttotheNewConceptEnglishofNewOrientalschoolforitsgoodatmosphere.
【Text】
TheHubbletelescopewaslaunchedintospacebyNASAonApril20,1990atacostofoverabilliondollars.RightfromthestarttherewastroublewiththeHubble.Thepicturesitsentuswereverydisappointingbecauseitsmainmirrorwasfaulty!
NASAisnowgoingtoputthetelescoperight,soitwillsoonbesendingupfourastronautstorepairit.TheshuttleEndeavourwillbetakingtheastronautstotheHubble.Arobot-armfromtheEndeavourwillgrabthetelescopeandholditwhiletheastronautsmakethenecessaryrepairs.Ofcourse,theHubbleisabovetheearth'
satmosphere,soitwillsoonbesendingustheclearestpicturesofthestarsanddistantgalaxiesthatwehaveeverseen.TheHubblewilltellusagreatdealabouttheageandsizeoftheuniverse.Bythetimeyoureadthis,theHubble'
seagleeyewillhavesentusthousandsandthousandsofwonderfulpictures.
参考译文
哈勃望远镜于1990年4月20日由国家航空航天局发射升空,耗资10多亿美元.从最开始哈勃望远镜就有问题.它传送给我们的图像很令人失望,因为它的主要镜子有误差.国家航天局准备纠正这一错误,为此将把4名宇航员送入太空修复望远镜.“奋进”号航天飞机将把宇航员送上哈勃.当宇航员进行必要的修复工作时,“奋进”号上的一只机器手将抓住望远镜并托住它.当然,哈勃位于地球的大气层之外,因此,它很快就会给我们传送我们所见到过的、有关行星和远距离星系的最清晰的照片.哈勃将告诉我们有关宇宙的年龄和大小的许多事情.等到你读到这篇文章时,敏锐的哈勃望远镜已经为我们送来了成千上万张精彩的照片.
【课文讲解】
1、TheHubbletelescopewaslaunchedintospacebyNASAonApril20,1990atacostofoverabilliondollars.
atacostof…造价为……,耗资,以……的价格/费用
Hehasjustbuiltanewhouseforhisfamilyatacostof$10,000.
NASA=NationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration
(美国)国家航空和宇宙航行局(单词縮写一般都是组织或者机构)
2、RightfromthestarttherewastroublewiththeHubble.
rightfromthestart从最开始(right起强调作用)
Hedidn’twanttoworkatthefirm(right)fromthestart.
troublewith…关于……有麻烦
What'
sthetroublewithyou?
你有什么麻烦?
(医生常这样问)
Thereis(engine)troublewithmycar.
3、Thepicturesitsentuswereverydisappointingbecauseitsmainmirrorwasfaulty!
faultn.错误;
faultyadj.有错误的
Sorry,it'
smyfault.
4、NASAisnowgoingtoputthetelescoperight,soitwillsoonbesendingupfourastronautstorepairit.
putsth.right修好(故障等),校正,纠正
Remembertoputthelightsrighttomorrow.
sendup往上送
5、Arobot-armfromtheEndeavourwillgrabthetelescopeandholditwhiletheastronautsmakethenecessaryrepairs.
holdit抓住它
6、TheHubblewilltellusagreatdealabouttheageandsizeoftheuniverse.
agreatdeal大量
agreatdealof…大量的……
7、Bythetimeyoureadthis,theHubble'
bythetime到那时
engleeye鹰眼,锐利目光
Hisfather’seagleeyeisalwaysonhim.
thousandsandthousandsof成千上万的
Therearehundredsofthousands/thousandsandthousandsofcarsinthiscity.
【LetterWriting】
常见的书信开头:
Ihavenotheardfromyouforsometime,so…
Itwasverykindofyouto…
【Keystructures】
将来完成时、将来进行时和将来完成进行时
将来完成时的构成:
willhavedone,表示到将来某一时刻已经完成的动作,必须和某个时间状语连用,强调到将来某一点时间动作的结束。
Workerswillhavecompletedthenewroadsbytheendofthisyear.
将来进行时的构成:
willbedoing,表示将来某个时候正在进行的动作或表示计划好的事,陈述将来的事实。
Theywillbearrivingheretomorrow.
将来完成进行时的构成:
willhavebeendoing,表示某种状况一直持续到说话人所提及的时间,从某一点发生,一直延续到将来的某一点,并且将可能延续下去,强调到将来某一点时间动作可能结束或延续。
Bythistimenextweek,Iwillhavebeenworkingforthisfirmfortwentyyears.
ByFridaymidday,theywillhavebeenworkingonitforsevendays.
(workonsth.关于……的工作)
在时间状语从句中,要用现在完成时代替将来完成时:
BythetimeI’vecompletedthisone,I’llhavebeenwritingforsixyears.
到我写完这本书时,我将已经写了6年书了。
WhenI’vebuiltthisone,I’llhavebuiltfivealtogether.
【SpecialDifficulties】
Cost,Price,Value
cost
①n.价格,价钱,费用(侧重指某项服务、工程等),成本(复数)
atthecostof以……的费用,造价……
Theybuiltthebridgeatacostofover$600,000.
Idon’tknowthecostsofthesecars.我不知道这些车的成本是多少。
②vt.价钱为……,(使)花费(不用于被动语态)
Thenewcarcosthim$5,000.
HowmuchdiditcosttolaunchtheHubbletelescopeintospace?
Whatdoesthisblousecost,please?
请问,这件衬衣多少钱?
price
①n.价格,价钱(侧重于指某个具体东西或商品的价钱),物价(复数)
Howmuchisthatblouse?
Let'
sasktheprice.
What’sthepriceofthedress,please?
Pricesaregoingupagain.物价又上涨了。
②v.问……的价钱,查明/查询……的价格;
给……定价/标价
Theypricedcarsfortwodaysbeforetheyboughtone.
Thedressispricedat$50,butyoucanhaveitat$40.
IwanttopricethebedlineninafewothershopsbeforeIbuyany.
我想在买床单之前打听几家商店的价格.
value
①n.表示抽象的价值或重要性,价值观(复数)
Thestolenitemswereofsentimental,ratherthanfinancialvalue.
被盗物品更具有情感上的涵义,而不是经济上的价值.
Thisbookisofgreatvaluetome.
Hisvaluesaredifferentfromthoseofmine.
②vt.尊重,重视
valuesth.认为……有价值
valuesth.ownedbyoneself敝帚自珍
Valueyourtime.珍惜时间
Ifyoudon’tvaluemyadvice,I’llspeaknomore.
Exercise练习
1
Therehasbeenasharpriseinthe(price)(cost)(value)ofliving.
2
WheneverIbuyanythingnew,myfatheralwaysasksmethe(value)(cost)(price).
3
Ifyouhavetoworkforsomethingyouwill(value)(price)(cost)itmore.
4
Thathouse(valued)(cost)(priced)afortunetobuild.
5
Dr.James'
sworkisofenormous(value)(cost)(price)tothecommunity.
6
Janehas(valued)(cost)(priced)thealternativeproductsandsherecommendsthisone.
7
Sofar,tencountrieshavegivenmoneytowardsthe(value)(price)(cost)ofrebuildingaftertheearthquake.
1sharprise:
大幅上升的
thecostofliving生活的费用
2price价格
3value:
表示认为有价值
4fortune:
一大笔财产
cost花费
5community:
社区,社会
value:
价值
ofgreat(enormous)value有巨大的价值(enormousadj.巨大的)
6alternative另外的
recommend:
推荐
pricesth.比较价格
7towards=to
thecostofrebuilding重建费用
【Multiplechoicequestions】
TheHubbletelescope___a___.
a.willtellusagreatdealabouttheuniverse
b.costalotbutwasalmostworthless
c.willmeasurethesizeoftheearth
d.requiresconstantcarefromtheastronauts
constantn.[数、物]常数,恒量;
adj.不变的,持续的,坚决的
Arobot-armwillholdthetelescope____a____theastronautstorepairit.
a.forb.sothatc.solongasd.which
forsb.todosth.基本结构
sothat+句子;
solongas+句子:
表示只要;
which+句子
11
ThemainmirroroftheHubble____d___.
a.hadproblems
b.wasdistantc.wastheclearest
d.requiresrepairs
hadproblems有问题
problemwithsth.……出问题(习惯用法)
Therewasaproblemwithitsmainmirror.
problem的两个含义:
question;
trouble
reauiresrepairs需要修理
12
TheHubbleis____d___theearth'
satmosphere.
a.belowb.overc.withind.outside
above在……之上(凌空)
abovetheearth’satmosphere在大气层的上方
Lesson62Afferthefire
(15)
controln.控制
smoken.烟
desolateadj.荒凉的
threatenv.威胁
surroundingadj.周围的
destructionn.破坏,毁灭
floodn.洪水,水灾
authorityn.(常用复数)当局
grass-seedn.草籽
sprayv.喷撒
quantityn.量
rootn.根
centuryn.世纪
patchn.小片
blackenv.变黑,发暗
★controln.控制
incontrol在控制之内
undercontrol在控制之下,被控制
outofcontrol失控
control<
v.>
sth.
Icancontrolit.=Icanmanageit.我能对付(口语)
underarrest<
n.>
被逮捕
★smoken.烟(雾)
fullofsmoke充满烟雾
smokeyadj.多烟的(名词加-y,变为形容词)
smokeyarea吸烟区;
nonsmokeyarea禁烟区
rain–rainy;
cloud-cloudy
smokern.抽烟的人
heavysmoker烟瘾重的人;
nonsmoker不抽烟的人
smokev.吸烟
Don'
tsmoke!
=Nosmoking!
Hesmokedheavily.
smokingarea/smokingroom吸烟室
smokingapartment火车上的吸烟车厢
cigarette=cigarn.香烟
★desolateadj.荒凉的
desolateadj.荒凉的(与地方相连,表示无人居住,荒无人烟的);
极度孤独的(与人相连时)
lonelyadj.孤独的,荒凉的,偏僻的(与地方连表示孤零零的,但并不表示无人居住)
★threatenv.威胁的
threatentodosth.威胁着要做……(与人相连);
有迹象表明……
Itthreatenedtorain.有迹象表明天要下雨了。
threatensb.withsth.以……来威胁/恐吓某人
Thethiefthreatenedhimwithaknife.
Thewholevillageisthreatenedwithdestruction.
★surroundingadj.周围的
surroundingsn.环境(在周边的事物)
atmospheren.大气层,氛围(在周边的人文环境)
★destructionn.破坏,毁灭
destroyv.破坏
destructiveadj.毁灭性的
constructv.建设(为……创造更好的条件)
constructionn.建设,建筑
constructionbank建设银行
constructiveadj.建设性的(意见)
buildv.建设(具体的建某物)
★floodn.洪水,水灾
flood=floods都对,都可以用,无区别
★authorityn.当局(常用复数authorities)
authorityn.权威(单数)
★sprayv.喷撒
spraysth.over/on往……上喷洒
spraywaterover/onflower
spraygrass-seedover/ontheground
★quantityn.(数)量
quantitiesof大量的……
qualityn.质量
sth.withgoodquality具有好质量的东西
★rootn.根
Whatistherootcause?
根本原因是什么?
rootof………的根
takeroot生根
comeout长出来
shootcomeout发芽(shootn.芽)
flowercomeout开花
getout出去
★patchn.小片,颜色和周围不同的部分
patchn.(平面上的)一片,补丁(本意)
Whatisthatyellowpatchonthewall?
墙上那块黄斑是什么?
apatchof一小片;
patchesof许多片
Therearepatchesofcloudinthesky.
apieceof/abitof/asheetof一片,一块……
★blackenv.变黑,发暗
Thesmokehasblackenthewalls.烟把墙熏黑了。
-en后缀表示动词,译为“使……变得……”
weakadj.虚弱的——>
weakenv.使……变弱,削弱
复合词(由两个词组合而成一个词),如fireman
派生词(加前缀或后缀的词)如-tion——名词后缀;
-less——形容词后缀
Firemenhadbeenfightingtheforestfirefornearlythreeweeksbeforetheycouldgetitundercontrol.Ashorttimebefore,greattreeshadcoveredthecountrysideformilesaround.Now,smokestillroseupfromthewarmgroundoverthedesolatehills.Winterwascomingonandthehillsthreatenedthesurroundingvillageswithdestruction,forheavyrainwouldnotonlywashawaythesoilbutwouldcauseseriousfloodsaswell.Whenthefirehadatlastbeenputout,theforestauthoritiesorderedseveraltonsofa