最新职称英语理工类B真题及答案Word格式文档下载.docx

最新职称英语理工类B真题及答案Word格式文档下载.docx

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AlimitB.fearC.powerD.fool

4.Mostpeoplefindrejectionhardtoaccept.

A.excuseB.clientC.destinyD.refusal

5.She’sextremelycompetentandindustrious.

A.hardworkingB.honestC.objectiveD.independent

6.Thedoctorsdidnotrevealthetruthtohim.

A.hideB.handleC.discloseD.establish

7.Hetriedtoassemblehisthoughts.

A.clearB.shareC.gatherD.spare

8.Thelawcarriesapenaltyofuptothreeyearsinprison.

A.messageB.punishmentC.guiltD.obligation

9.Prisonerswerekeptinthemostappallingconditions.

A.flexibleB.terribleC.reasonableD.serious

10.Theseproductsareinferiortothosewebroughtlastyear.

A.poorerthanB.narrowerthanC.largerthanD.richerthan

11.Thepoliticalsituationintheregionhasdeterioratedrapidly.

A.improvedB.changedC.worsenedD.developed

12.Therewasasimultaneoustrialtakingplaceinthenextbuilding.

A.coexistingB.fairC.fullD.pubic

13.They’repetitioningforbetterfacilitiesforthedisabledonpublictransport.

A.requestingB.planningC.preparingD.looking

14.Hesaidsomeharshwordsabouthisbrother.

A.unkindB.properC.normalD.unclear

15.Wewereattractedbythelureofquickmoney.

A.amountB.supplyC.sumD.temp

第二部分：

阅读判断

ADHDLinkedtoAirPollutants

Childrenhaveanincreasedofattentionproblems,seenasearlyasgradeschool.Iftheirnosesinhaled（吸入）acertaintypeofairpollutionwhentheywerepregnant.That’sthefindingofanewstudy.Releasedwhenthingsaren’tburnedcompletely,thispollutionisknownaspolycyclicaromatichydrocarbons,orPAHs.ThebiggestsourcesofthesePAHs:

theburningoffossilfuels,woodandtrash.

FredericaPereraworksatColumbiaUniversity’sMailmanSchoolofPublicHealthisNewYorkCity.Sheresearcheshowexposuretothingsintheenvironmentaffectschildren’shealthinanewstudy,sheandherteamstudiedtheexposuretoairpollutionof233nonsmokingpregnantwomeninNewYorkCity.Becauseburningtobaccocanspew（排放）PAHsintotheairandlungs,Perera’steamfocusedonnonsmokers.Theresearcherswantedtoprobe（探查）othersourcesofPAHs,onesthat’swouldhavebeenhardforanindividualtoavoid.

Theteamstartedbytestingthebloodofeachwomanduringpregnancy.ThereasonAnyPAHsinawoman’sbloodwouldalsobeavailabletothebabyinherwomb.Nineyearslater,theresearchersinvestigatedsignsofattentionproblemsinthosechildren,nowage9.Theyaskedeachchild’smotheraseriesofquestions.Theseincludedwhateverherchildhadproblemsdoingthingsthatneededsustained（长期的）mentaleffort,suchashomeworkorgameswithfriends.Thescientistsalsoaskedifthekidshadtroublefollowinginstructionsormadefrequent,carelessmistakes.AllofthesecanbesymptomsofadisordercalledAttentionDeficitHyperactivityDisorder,orADHD.AboutoneinU.S.childrenhasADHD.

Amongthewomenstudied,trafficandhomeheatingweretheprimarysourcesofairpollutionexposure,Pereraandherteamsuspect.SomeofthesewomenhadlowlevelsofPAHsintheirblood.Ohtershadhighlevels.Thosewithhighlevelswerefivetimesaslikelytohavechildrenwhoshowedattentionproblemsbyage9.ThenewfindingswerepublishedNovember5inthejournalPLOSONE.

16.PereraandherteamchosenonsmokingpregnantwomenalloverAmerica.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

17.ThemainpurposeoftheresearchwastofindouthowexposuretoPAHsplayedaroleinharmingthesubjects’physicalhealth.

18.NonsmokingmotherswereselectedbecausetheeffectofsmokingonPAHswasunclear.

19.Thebloodofeachwomanwastestedonceamonthduringpregnancy.

20KidswithADHDcommonlyfailinschool.

21.ThewomenwithhighlevelsofPAHsintheirbloodweremorelikelytohavekidswithADHD.

22.TrafficandhomeheatingwereconsideredtobethebiggestsourcesofPAHsforthesubjectsintheresearch.

第3部分：

概况大意与完成句子

FirstImage-recognitionssoftware

1）DartmouthresearchersandtheircolleagueshavecreatedanartificialintelligencesoftwarethatusesphotostolocatedocumentsontheInternetwithfargreateraccuracythaneverbefore.

2）Thenewsystem,whichwastestedonphotosandisnowbeingappliedtovideos,showsforthefirsttimethatamachinelearningalgorithm（运算法则）forimagerecognitionandretrievalisaccurateandefficientenoughtoimprovelarge-scaledocumentsearchesonline.Thesystemusespixel（像素）datainimagesandpotentiallyvideo—ratherthanjusttext—tolocatedocuments.Itlearnstorecognizethepixelsassociatedwithasearchphrasebystudyingtheresultsfromtext-basedimagesearchengines.Theknowledgegleaned（收集）fromthoseresultscanthenbeappliedtootherphotoswithouttagsorcaptions（图片说明）,makingformoreaccuratedocumentsearchresults.

3）“Overthelast30years,”saysAssociateProfessorKorenzoTorresani,aco-authorofthestudy,”thewebhasevolvedfromasmallcollectionofmostlytextdocumentstoamodern,massive,fast-growingmultimediadatastet,wherenearlyeverypageincludesmultiplepicturesofvideos.WhenapersonlooksataWebpage,heimmediatelygetthegist（主旨）ofitbylookingatthepicturesinit.Yet,surprisingly,allexistingpopularsearchengine,suchasGoogleorBing,stripawaytheinformationcontainedinthephotosanduseexclusivelythetextofWedpagestoperformthedocumentretrieval.Ourstudyisthefirsttoshowthatmodernmachinevisionsystemsareaccurateandefficientenoughtomakeeffectiveuseoftheinformationcontainedinimagepixelstoimprovedocumentsearch.”

4）Theresearchersdesignedandtestedamachinevisionsystem—atypeofartificialintelligencethatallowscomputerstolearnwithoutbeingexplicitlyprogrammed—thatextractssemantic（语义的）informationfrompixelsofphotosinWebpages.ThisinformationgisusedtoenrichthedescriptionoftheHTMLpageusedbysearchenginesfordocumentretrieval.Theresearcherstestedtheirapproachusingmorethan600searchqueries（查询）onadatabaseof50millionWedpages.Theyselectedthetext-retrievalsearchenginewiththebestperformanceandmodifiedittomakeuseoftheadditionalsemanticinformationextractedbytheirmethodfromthepicturesoftheWebpages.Theyfoundthtthisproduceda30percentimprovementinprecisionovertheoriginalsearchenginepurelybasedontext.

23.Paragraph1_____

24.Paragraph2_____

25.Paragraph3_____

26Paragraph4_____

A.Popularityofthenewsystem

B.Publicationofthenewdiscovery

C.Functionofthenewsystem

D.Artificialintelligencesoftwarecreated

E.Problemsoftheexistingsearchengines

F.Improvementindocumentretrieval

27.Thenewsystemdoesdocumentretrievalby_____.

28.Thenewsystemisexpectedtoimproveprecisionin_____.

29.Whenperformingdocumentretrievaltheexistingsearchenginesignore_____.

30.Thenewsystemwasfoundmoreeffectiveindocumentsearchthanthe_____.

A.informationinimages

B.currentpopularsearchengines

C.usingphotos

D.machinevisionsystems

E.documentsearch

F.descriptionoftheHTMLpage

第四部分：

阅读理解

第一篇　WhyBuyShade-GrownCoffee?

Whenpeopleargueaboutwhethercoffeeisgoodforhealth,they’reusuallythinkingofthehealthofthecoffeedrinker.Isitfoodforyourheart?

Doesitincreasebloodpressure?

Doesithelpyouconcentrate?

However,coffeeaffectsthehealthofthehumanpopulationinotherways,too.

Traditionally,coffeebusheswereplantedunderthecanopy（树冠）oftallerindigenous（土生土长的）trees.However,moreandmorefarmersinLatinAmericaaredeforestingthelandtogrowfull-suncoffees.Atfirst,thisincreasesproductionbecausemorecoffeebushescanbeplantediftherearen’tanytrees.Withincreasedproductioncomeincreasedprofits.

Unfortunately,deforestingforcoffeeproductionimmediatelydecreaseslocal-wildlifehabitat.Nativebirdsnestandhidefrompredators（捕食者）inthetalltreesandmigratingbirdsrestthere.

Furthermore,inthelongterm,thefull-sunmethodalsodamagestheecosystembecausemorechemicalfertilizersandpesticidesareneededtogrowthecoffee.Thefertilizersandpesticideskillinsectsthateatcoffeeplant,butthenthebirdseatthepoisonedinsectsandalsodie.Thechemicalskillorsickenotheranimalsaswell,andcanevenenterthewaterthatpeoplewilleventuallydrink.

Fortunately,farmersinCentralandSouthAmericaarebeginningtogrowmorecoffeebushesintheshade.Wecansupportthesefarmersbybuyingcoffeewithsuchlabelsasshadegrownandbirdfriendly.Sure,thesevarietiesmightcostalittlemore.Butwe’repayingforthehealthofthebirds,theland,ourselves,andtheplanet.Ithinkit’sworthit.

31.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?

A.Farmersarechangingthewaytheygrowcoffee.

B.Coffeeisbecomingmoreexpensivetoproduce.

C.Shade-growcoffeeismoreexpensivethansun-growcoffee.

D.Peopleshouldbuyshade-growncoffee.

32.ThefunctionofthewordTraditionallyinParagraph2istoshow_____.

A.thepositiveeffectsofcoffee.

B.achangeofcoffeegrowth.

C.somethingthatisthemostimportant.

D.howcoffeeproductionusedtobe.