贵州省安顺市西秀区高二英语下学期第一次月考试题Word文件下载.docx
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TheycarriedoutthefirsttwoexperimentsfromthesidewalknearBerkeley.Theynotedthatdriversofnewerandmoreexpensivecarsweremorelikelytocutoffothercarsandpedestriansatcrosswalks.Nearly45percentofpeopledrivingexpensivecarsignoredapeaestriancomparedwithonly30percentofpeopledrivingmoremodest
(不豪华的)cars.
Inanotherexperiment,agroupofcollegestudentswasaskediftheywoulddounethicalthingsinvariouseverydaysituations.Examplesincludedtakingprinterpaperfromworkandnottellingasalespersonwhenheorshegavebackmorechange.Studentsfromhigher-classfamiliesweremorelikelytoactdishonestly.
Accordingtothescientists,richpeopleoftenthinkmoneycallgetthemoutoftrouble.Thismakesthemlessafraidtotakerisks.Italsomeanstheycarelessaboutotherpeople’sfeelings.
Finally,itsimplymakesthemgreedier.“Higherwealthstatusseemstomakeyouwantevenmore,andthatincreasedwantleadsyoutobendtherulesorbreaktherulestoserveyourself-interest,’’saidPaulPiif,leadscientistofthestudy.
Piffpointedoutthatthefindingsdon’tmeanthatallrichpeopleareuntrustworthy(不能信赖的)orallpoorpeopl
ehonest.Hesaidtheexperimentsweretoshowhowpeoplelivingindifferentsocialsituationsexpresstheirinstinctsandvaluesindifferentways.
1.Bysaying“moneyistherootofallevil”,theauthorwantsto_____
.
A.drawreaders’attentiontotheresearch
B.1inkwealthwithbadbehavior
C.showhowthesayingprovesthefindingsD.defendrichpeoplewhodounethicalthings
2.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheexperimentsthescientistsdid,accordingtothescientistquoted?
A.Mostwealthypeoplearenottrustworthy.
B.Thefindingswerenotpersuasiveenoughandthescientistswilldofurtherexperiments.
C.Driversofmoreexpensivecarsaremorelikelytobreaktrafficrules.
D.Studentsfrompoorerfamiliesarenotashonestasstudentsfromricherfamilies.
3.Whatmakesrichpeopleunethicalaccordingtothescientists?
a.theybecomemoreselfish
b.theyhavemoredesires
c.theybelievemoneytalks
d.theywelcomerisks
A.ab
B.abd
C.bc
D.abc
4.Whydidthescienti
stsdotheexperiments?
A.Toshowhowsocialstatusaffectspeople'
sethics.
B.Toshowpeople’sinstinctsandvaluesindifferentways.
C.Totestwhetherthesaying“moneyistherootofallevil”istrue.
D.Toshowthedifferencebetweenhigher-classpeopleandlower-classpeople.
5.Whatdoesthearticlereallywanttoshowus?
A.Moneyistherootofallevil.
B.Thericharemorelikelytoactbadly.
C.Thesayingisreasonable.
D.Allrichpeopleareuntrustworthy.
B
ItisoneofthemostannoyingwordsintheEnglishlanguageanditseemsthereisnoescapingit.Theword“huh?
”isinworldwideuse,astudyfound.
ResearchersdiscoveredthatlanguagesspokenincountriesfromGhanaandLaostoIcelandandItalyallinclude‘‘huh?
”,orsomethingthatsoundsverylikeit.Theysaidthatwhilethestudymaysoundsilly,thewordisanabsolutelynecessarypartofspeech.Withoutitandsimilarwords,itwouldbeimpossibletoshowthatwehaven’theardorunderstoodwhathadbeensaidandthiswould1cadtoconstantmisunderstandings.
Butwhileotherwordsusedinthesamecontext,suchas‘‘story'
’or‘‘what”,varywidelyacrosslanguages,“huh?
”remainsunchanged.
TheDutchresearcherscarefullystudiedtenlanguagesfromaroundtheworld,includingSiwu,whichisspokeninGhana,andanAustralianAboriginallanguage,aswellasItalian,Spanish,DutchandMandarinChinese.
Theyanalysedtapesofrecordedconversationsforwordsthatsoundedlike‘‘huh?
”andwereusedtorequestthatwhateverhadJustbeensaidberepeated.Allcontainedaversionof“huh?
”.Thewordwasalsofoundinanother21languages.Whilethereweresubtledifferencesineachcountry,a11soundedbasicallythesame.
Thisissurprisingbecausenormallyunrelatedlanguageswilluseverydifferentwordstodescribethesamething.Forinstance,theJapanesefor“dog’’is‘‘inu”,whiletheFrenchis‘‘chien”.Itisthoughtthatlanguagesaroundtheworldhavedevelopedtheirownversionof“huh?
’’becausethesoundisquickandsimpletoform,aswellasbeingeasilyundertood.
Theresearchers,saidthatitmightseemunimportanttocarryoutscientificresearchintoawordlike“huh?
'
’butinfactthislittlewordisanessentialtoolinhumancommunication.Theyalsohaveananswerforthosewhoclaim
that‘‘huh?
’’isn’taword.Theysaythatitqualifiesbecauseofthesmalldifferencesinitspronunciationindifferentlanguages.Italsocanbeconsideredawordbecauseit’ssomethingwelearntosay,ratherthanagruntorcrythatwe
arebornknowinghowtomake.
6.Accordingtoresearchers,theword“huh?
”isveryimportantinspeechbecause——.
A.itsstablemeaninginlanguagedevelopmentB.itsimportantfunctionincommunication
C.itssimpleandeasysoundandspelling
D.itspopularityineverylanguage
7.Whatisthenaturalresponseifyouheartheladyyou’respeakingtosay“huh?
”?
A.Youshouldaskhertorepeat
whatshesaysbeforethat:
B.Youshouldapologizetoherforspeakinginalowvoice.
C.Youshouldinvitehertoshareherdifferentviewspolitely.
D.Youshouldtrytorepeatwhatyou’vejustsaidinaclearerway.
8.Themainmethodusedintheresearchof“huh?
”was_____________.
A.interviewinglanguageexpertsinuniversities
B.talkingwithpeoplefromtendifferentcountries
C.analyzingtherecordedconversationsindifferentlanguages
D.comparingdifferentwordswiththesamemeaningindifferentlanguages
9.Accordingtoresearchers,‘‘huh?
”shouldbeconsideredaword.ratherthanasoundbecause__________.
A.itislistedinmostdictionaries
B.itissomethinghumanslearntosay
C.thereisaclearandconsistentspellingofthewordD.itispronouncesquitedifferentlyaroundtheworld
10.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?
A.Toinformreadersaboutresearchontheworldwideusedword“huh?
”.
B.Toarguethat“huh?
”isthemostimportantwordineverylanguage.
C.Toentertainreadersbyrelatingsimilaridiomsindifferentlanguages.
D.Toinstructreadersofthedifferencesof“huh?
”indifferentlanguages.
C
WhenIwasyoungIwantedtobeamodel,sowhenanationalcontestwasstaged,Iconvincedmyparentstotakemeforanaudition(试演).IwasselectedandtoldIhadpotential.Theysaidthatforonly$900Icouldattendaweekendeventwhichdozensofthemostprestigious(有声望的)modelingagenciesfromaroundtheworldwouldattend.Atl3,myhopesoffameandfortunecloudedalljudgmentandIbeggedmyparentstoletmego.Wehave
neverbeenrich,buttheysawmyenthusiasmandagreed.
Iimaginedbeingsignedbysomefamousmod
elcompanies.Formonths,anyboredomordisappointmentIfacedwaspushedasidebecauseIknewIwouldsoonhavethechancetobearealmodel.IthoughtIwouldgracethecoversoffamousmagazines!
Ofcourse,Iwasn’tsigned,butwhathurtthemostwasbeingtoldthatifIgrewto5'
9”(about1.75metres)Icouldbeasuccess.Iprayedforagrowthspurt(冲刺)becauseIcouldnotimaginegivingupmydream.Imadeanappointmentwithalocalmodelingagencyandtheagentdemanded$500forclasses.$500foraphotoshootand$300forotherexpenses.Myparentsonlyagreedafterhoursandhoursofmebegging.
Theagencysentmeoutonafewauditions,butwitheverydayIdidn’treceiveacall,Igrewmoredepressed.
Thefinalstraw
cameinJulyafterIhaddecidedtofocusoncommercialmodeling.TherewasanopencallinNewYorkCity.Wespenthoursdrivingandanotherfewhourswaiting.onlytobetoldthatIwastooshort.Iwasdevastated(感到难以承受的).
Yearslater,IrealizedthatthetriptoNewYorkwasgoodasitmademenoticeIdid
n’tactuallylovemodeling,justtheideaofit.Iwantedtobespecialand1wasinnocentlydeterminedtoreachanimpossiblegoal.Theexperiencehasmademestrongerandthatwillhelpmeinthefuture.
11.What’sthemainreasonwhytheauthorwantedtobeamodel?
A.Shewonanationalcontest.
B.Shewantedtogetreputationandwealth.
C.Shewasurgedbysomemodelingagencies.
D.Shehadfullpotentialtobeasuccessfulmodel.
12.What’stheauthor’sparents’attitudetowardherdream?
A.Encouraging.
B.Worried.
C.Doubtful.D.Enthusiastic.
13.Whatwasitthatmadetheauthorendherattempttobecomeamodel?
A.Herparentswerestronglyagainstit.
B.Sherealizedthatitwasimpossibleforher.
C.Evenalocalmodelingagencyturnedherdown.
D.Shedidn’tactuallylovetheideaofmodeling.
14.Theunderlinedphrase‘'
Thefinalstraw”probablymeans__________.
A.therefusalinspiteofherlonghoursofwaitingandworking
B.thefinalresultthatshewasadmiredbythemodelcompany
C.thefinalauditiongivenbythefamousagency
D.thedecisionshemadeatlastnottobeamodel
15.Whatdidtheauthorlearnfromherexperienceofstrugglingtobeamodel?
A.Wherethere’sawill,there’saway.B.Beingamodelisnotthateasy.
C.Weshouldhaveourownjudgmentandshouldnotjustfollowothers.
D.wemightsetunpracticalgoalsbuttheexperiencesearlhelpusgrow.
D
Leadershipisthemostsignificantwordintoday’scompetitivebusinessenvironmentbecauseitdirectsthemanagerofabusinesstofocusinwardontheirpersonalabilitiesandstyle.Expertsonleadersh