北京大学附属中学河南分校宇华教育集团学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题 Word版含答案文档格式.docx

北京大学附属中学河南分校宇华教育集团学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题 Word版含答案文档格式.docx

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阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

A

ThesunisshiningwhenIgetonNo.151bus.Wepassengerssitjammedtogetherinheavyclothes.Noonespeaks.That’soneoftheunwrittenrulesofChicagocommuting.Althoughweseethesamefaceseveryday,weprefertohidebehindournewspapers.Thephenomenonisstriking:

peoplewhositsoclosetogetherareusingthosethinsheetsofnewsprinttokeeptheirdistance.

AsthebusapproachestheMagnificentMile,avoicesuddenlyringsout:

“Attention!

Attention!

”Papersrattle（发出细小声）.Neckscrane（伸长）.“Thisisyourdriverspeaking.”

Welookatthebackofthedriver’shead.Hisvoicehasauthority.

“Allofyouputyourpapersdown.”

Thepaperscomedown,aninchatatime.Thedriverwaits.Thepapersarefoldedandplacedonourlaps.

“Now,turnandfacethepersonnexttoyou.Goahead.”

Amazingly,wealldoit.Still,noonesmiles.

Ifaceanolderwoman,herheadwrappedtightlyinaredscarf.Iseehernearlyeveryday.Oureyesmeet.Wewait,unblinking,forthenextorderfromthedriver.

“Now,repeatafterme…”Itisacommand,deliveredinthetonesofadrillsergeant（操练军士）.“Goodmorning,neighbor!

”

Ourvoicesareweakandtimid.Formanyofus,thesearethefirstwordswehavespokentoday.Butwesaythematthesametime,likeschoolchildren,tothestrangersbesideus.

Wesmileandcan’thelpit.Wehavesaidit;

thebarrierhasbeenbroken.Goodmorning,neighbor.Itisnotsohardafterall.Someofusrepeatit.Othersshakehands.Manylaugh.

Thebusdriversaysnothingmore.Hedoesn’tneedto.Notasinglenewspapergoesbackup.Ihearlaughter,awarmsoundIhaveneverheardbeforeonbusNo.151.Thisdayisstartingoffbetterthanmost.

21.Onhearingthesuddenutteranceof“Attention!

”,thepassengers___________.

A.stoppedreadingandputdowntheirnewspapersimmediately

B.lookedupfromthenewspaperstoseewhowasspeaking

C.satstillwithoutresponseD.werefrightened

22.Theunderlinedword“commuting”inParagraph1mostprobablymeans___________.

A.dailytravelingbetweenhomeandworkB.long-distanceride

C.communicationtechnologyD.behaviorpatterns

23.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.Thepassengersonthecrowdedbusweresoabsorbedinreadingtheirnewspapersthatnoonespoke.

B.Thepassengerswerephysicallyclosetogetherbutmentallytheykepteachotherataterribledistance.

C.Thepassengersdidn’tfollowthedriver’sinstructionatfirst.

D.Whenthebusdriversaidnothingmore,thepassengerspickedupandreadtheirnewspapersagain.

24.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.TheWarmthofCommunicationB.TheExchangeofInformation

C.ThePowerofObservationD.TheAttitudetoLoneliness

B

Doyoufindgettingupinthemorningsodifficultthatit’spainful?

Thismightbecalledlaziness,butDr.Kleitmanhasanewexplanation.Hehasprovedthateveryonehasadailyenergycycle.

Duringthehourswhenyoulaborthroughyourworkyoumaysaythatyou’re“hot”.That’strue.Thetimeofdaywhenyoufeelthemostenergeticiswhenyourcycleofbodytemperatureisatitspeak.Forsomepeoplethepeakcomesduringtheforenoon.Forothersitcomesintheafternoonorevening.Noonehasdiscoveredwhythisisso,butitleadstosuchfamiliarmonologues（自言自语）asJohntalkstohimself:

“Getup,John!

You’llbelateforworkagain!

”ThepossibleexplanationforthetroubleisthatJohnisathistemperature-and-energypeakintheevening.Muchfamilyquarrellingendswhenhusbandsandwivesrealizewhattheseenergycyclesmean,andwhichcycleeachmemberofthefamilyhas.

Youcan’tchangeyourenergycycle,butyoucanlearntomakeyourlifefititbetter.Habitcanhelp,Dr.Kleitmanbeliev

es.Maybeyou’resleepyintheeveningbutfeelyoumuststayuplateanyway.Adjustyourcycletosomeextentbystayinguplaterthanyouwantto.Ifyourenergyislowinthemorningbutyouhaveanimportantjobtodoearlyintheday,risebeforeyourusualhour.Thiswon’tchangeyourcycle,butyou’llgetupsteam（打起精神）andworkbetteratyourlowpoint.

Beginwithaslowstartwhichsavesyourenergy.Getupwithaslowyawnandstretch.Sitontheedgeofthebedaminutebeforeputtingyourfeetonthefloor.Avoidthetroublesomesearchforcleanclothesbylayingthemoutthenightbefore.Wheneverpossible,dousualworkintheafternoonandspendtimedoingimportantworkforyourhighpeakhours.

25.AccordingtoDr.Kleitmanifyoudon’twanttogetupinthemorning____________.

A.youmustbealazypersonB.youmustcatchacold

C.yourenergycyclemustbelowD.youshouldstayinbed

26.Whichofthefollowingmayleadtofami

lyquarrelsaccordingtothepassage?

A.Achangeinafamilymember’senergycycle.

B.Familiarmonologues.

C.Unawarenessofenergycycles.

D.Attemptstocontroltheenergycycleofotherfamilymembers.

27.Ifonewantstoworkbetterathislowpointinthemorning,heshould____________.

A.changehisenergycycleB.gotobedearlier

C.overcomehislazinessD.getupearlierthanusual

28.Youareadvisedtorisewithayawnandstretchbecauseitwill_________________.

A.helpyoutocontrolyourtemperearlyintheday

B.helptokeepyourenergyfortheday’swork

C.enableyoutoconcentrateonyourroutinework

D.keepyourenergycycleundercontrolallday

C

AnydiscussionofEnglishconversation,likeanyEnglishconversation,mustbeginwith〝TheWeather〞.Andinthisspiritofobservingtraditionalrule,IshallquoteDrJohnson’sfamouscommentthat“WhentwoEnglishmeet,theirfirsttalkisoftheweather”,andpointoutthatthisobservationisasaccuratenowasitwasovertwohundredyearsago.

This,howev

er,isthepointatwhichmostpeopleeitherstop,ortry,andfail,tocomeupwithaconvincingexplanationfortheEnglish“addiction” 

totheweather. 

Theyfailbecausetheirpremise（前提）ismistaken:

theyassumethatourconversationsabouttheweatherareconversationsabouttheweather.Inotherwords,theyassumethatwetalkabouttheweatherbecausewehaveakeeninterestinthesubject.MostofthemthentrytofigureoutwhatitisabouttheEnglishweatherthatissofascinating.

BillBryson,forexample, 

concludesthattheEnglishweatherisnotatallfascinating,andthatour“addiction”toitisthereforeverydifficulttoexplain:

“Toanoutsider,

themoststrikingthingabouttheEnglishweatheristhatthereisnotverymuchofit.A1lthosephenomenathatelsewheregivenatureanedgeofexcitement,unpredictabilityanddanger—tornados,monsoons,hailstorms—arealmostwhollyunknownintheBritishIsles.”

JeremyPaxmantakesoffenceatBryson’scommentsandarguesthattheEnglishweatheristrulyfascinating:

Brysonmissesthepoint.Theinterestislessinthephenornenathemselves, 

butinuncertainty... 

oneofthefewthingsyoucansayaboutEnglandwithabsolutecertaintyisthatithasalotofweather. 

Itmaynotincludetropicalcyclonesbutlifeattheedgeofanoceanandtheedgeofacontinentmeansyoucanneverbeentirelysurewhatyou’regoingtoget.

MyresearchhasconvincedmethatbothBrysonandPaxmanaremissingthepoint,whichisthatourconversationsabouttheweatherarenotreallyabouttheweatheratall:

Englishweather–speakisaformofcode,developedtohelpusovercomeournaturalreserve（含蓄）andactuallytalktoeachother.Everyoneknows,forexample,that“Niceday,isn’tit?

”, 

“Ooh,isn’titcold?

”;

andothervariatio

nsonthethemearenotrequestsforweatherdata:

theyaregreetingsorc

onversation-starters.Inotherwords,Englishweather–speakisaformof“cleaningtalk”——thehumanequivalentofwhatisknownas“socialcleaning”amongourprimate（灵长类的）cousins,wheretheyspendhourscleaningeachother’sfur,evenwhentheyareperfectlyclean,asameansofsocialconnection.

29.Asisstatedinthepassage,mostpeopletrytofindout 

.

A.whytheEnglishweatherissounique

B.whethertheEnglishenjoytheirweather

C.whytheEnglisharesointerestedinthetopicofweather

D.whethertheEnglishreallytalkaboutweatherwhentheydoso

30.DisapprovingofBillBryson’sopinion,JeremyPaxmanarguesthat 

A.theEnglishtalkabouttheirweatherbecauseitisunpredictable

B.theEnglishdon’ttalkaboutweatherasoftenastheoutsidersthink

C.theEnglishweathercanbeasexcitingasanywhereelse’s

D.theEnglishweathertalkismerelyaformofsmalltalk

31. 

Accordingtotheauthor, 

Englishweather–speakissimilartoprimates’ 

socialcleaninginthattheyareboth 

A.waysofgreetingB.meanssocialconnection

C．fascinatingtopicsbetweenpeopleD.phenomenadifficulttounderstandtooutsiders

D

ArecentsurveyshowsthatthealarmingrateofchildsuicideinHongKong,raisinglevelsofstressandanxietyamongyoungpeople,increasingconflictsbetweenchildrenandteachers,andchildren’scomplaintsthattheirparentsdonotunderstandtheirproblems—allpointtoadropin“emotionalquotient”（EQ）（情商）,theabilitytohandlerelationships.

EQ

isdefinedastheabilitytodealwithoneselfandotherseffectively.HighEQ,psychologistssay,iseasytospot.Someofthegreatesthumanitarian（人道主义的）leadershavehighEQ,alongwithsuccessfulmanagersandinspirationalandrespectedteachers.TheproblemisnothowtospothighEQbuttoimproveonlowEQ,sosocietyasawholecanbe