新课改版高考英语一轮复习Unit1Greatscientists学案新人教版Word格式文档下载.docx
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护理;
出席;
参加
4.exposevt.暴露;
揭露;
使曝光
5.curen.治愈;
痊愈;
治疗方法
vt.治愈;
治疗
6.absorbvt.吸收;
吸引;
使专心
7.suspectvt.认为;
怀疑
n.被怀疑者;
嫌疑犯
8.foreseevt.预见;
预知
9.blamevt.责备;
谴责
n.过失;
责备
10.handlen.
vt.[纵联3]
11.linkvt.&
n.连接;
联系
12.positiveadj.[纵联4]积极的;
肯定的;
确实的
13.enthusiasticadj.热情的;
热心的
14.severeadj.严重的;
剧烈的;
严厉的
Ⅲ.拓展单词——————通其变
1.challengen.挑战vt.向……挑战→challengingadj.具有挑战性的
2.cautiousadj.小心的;
谨慎的→cautionn.小心;
警告
3.pollutevt.污染;
弄脏→pollutionn.污染
4.instructvt.命令;
指示;
教导→instructionn.用法说明;
指导
5.concludevt.&
vi.结束;
推断出→conclusionn.结论;
结束
6.contributevt.&
vi.捐献;
贡献;
捐助→contributionn.贡献
7.rejectvt.拒绝;
不接受;
抛弃→rejectionn.拒绝;
抛弃
8.scientificadj.科学的→sciencen.科学→scientistn.科学家
9.announcevt.宣布;
通告→announcementn.通知;
宣告→announcern.播音员;
宣告者
10.constructvt.建设;
修建→constructionn.建设;
建筑物
11.paintern.画家;
油漆匠→paintv.绘画;
涂→paintingn.油画;
水彩画
12.universen.宇宙;
世界→universaladj.普遍的;
宇宙的→universallyadv.普遍地
纵联1.后缀ment构成的抽象名词集锦
①movement移动;
运动②development发展
③disappointment失望④excitement兴奋
⑤improvement改善⑥treatment对待
⑦judgment判断
纵联2.“照看/照顾某人”的多种表达
①attendto/on/uponsb.②careforsb.
③takecareofsb.④lookaftersb.
⑤watchoversb.⑥seeaftersb.
纵联3.名词兼作动词的高频词汇聚焦
①handlen.把手→vt.处理
②nursen.护士→vt.护理
③facen.脸→vt.面对
④defeatn.失败→vt.打败;
战胜
⑤drinkn.饮料→vt.喝;
饮
纵联4.发表你的“观点;
态度”
①positive积极的②negative消极的
③subjective主观的④objective客观的
⑤doubtful怀疑的⑥critical批评的
单元话题——伟大的科学家
子话题1 各类科学家
①physicistn.物理学家②astronomern.天文学家
③chemistn.化学家;
药剂师④technologistn.技术专家
⑤mathematiciann.数学家⑥biologistn.生物学家
⑦inventorn.发明家⑧geographern.地理学家
⑨zoologistn.动物学家⑩botanistn.植物学家
子话题2 工作职责与资格
①certificaten. 证明;
证(明)书
②qualificationn.资格;
学历
③qualifyvt.&
vi.(使)具有资格;
(使)具备合格条件
④inventvt.发明;
创造
⑤qualifiedadj.有资格的
⑥responsibilityn.责任;
负责
⑦undertakevt.承担;
从事;
⑧chargevt.负责;
主管
[学考对接·
活学活用]
高考采撷
(一) 阅读中的词汇应用
1.(2011·
安徽高考阅读B)Duringthe1970s,peoplestartedbecomingconcernedaboutthepollution❶thatiscreatedwhencoalandgasareburnedtoproduceelectricity.Peoplealsorealizedthatthesupplyofcoalandgaswouldnotlastforever.Then,windwasrediscovered,thoughitmeanshighercosts.Today,thereisaglobal__❷__(move)tosupplymoreandmoreofourelectricitythroughtheuseofwind.
①写出加黑词在本单元的同根动词:
pollute;
“环境污染”表达为environmentalpollution
②用move的适当形式填空:
movement
2.(2016·
北京高考阅读C)Leadpoisoninghasprovedmoredifficulttodealwith❶.Whencondorseatdeadbodiesofotheranimalscontaininglead,theyabsorb❷largequantitiesoflead.Thisaffectstheirnervoussystemsandabilitytoproducebabybirds,andcanleadtokidney(肾)failureanddeath.
①写出加黑词在本单元的近义词:
handle,意为“处理”
②选择absorb在句中的含义:
__A__
A.吸收 B.理解 C.吸引
高考采撷
(二) 写作中的词汇应用
(根据汉语及提示词翻译/补全句子)
1.(2017·
全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)提前了解唐朝的历史有助于你理解将要学习的唐诗。
(contribute)
Knowing_the_history_of_the_Tang_Dynasty_in_advance_will_contribute_to_your_understanding_the_Tang_poems_to_be_learned.
天津高考书面表达)总之,我们在这项活动中受益匪浅。
(conclusion)
In_conclusion,_we_have_benefited_a_lot_from_the_activity.
3.(2018·
北京高考书面表达)被我的一举一动所吸引,外国学生对这种独特的文化感到惊奇,他们情不自禁地不时拍照。
(absorb)
Absorbed_by_my_every_move,_theforeignstudentswereamazedbythisuniquecultureandtheycouldn’thelptakingpicturesfromtimetotime.
(二)课堂重点释疑
1.concludevt.&
vi.推断出;
结束;
达成;
缔结
[记牢]
(1)conclude
concludesth.以……结束……
toconclude最后
(2)conclusionn.结论;
cometo/reach/drawaconclusion得出结论
inconclusion总而言之
[练通] 单句语法填空
①Heconcludedhisspeechwithafamoussaying,“Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.”
②I’vecometotheconclusion(conclude)thathe’snottherightpersonforthejob.
③Inconclusion,walkingisacheap,safe,enjoyableandreadilyavailableformofexercise.
[写美] 一句多译
我从我自己的经历中得出结论:
患难见真情。
④Idrew_a_conclusion_from_my_own_experiences_that_afriendinneedisafriendindeed.(conclusion)
⑤Iconcluded_from_my_own_experiences_that_afriendinneedisafriendindeed.(conclude)
[联想] 表示“总而言之”的其他表达还有:
inshort,inbrief,inaword,allinall,tosumup,briefly(speaking),onthewhole等。
2.attendvt.出席;
参加;
照顾;
护理vi.专心;
留意
(1)attendameeting/alecture/awedding/class
参加会议/听讲座/参加婚礼/上课
(2)attendon/uponsb.伺候某人;
照顾某人
attendto处理;
倾听;
专心于;
照顾
①Asadaughter,Ifeelitmydutytoattendon/uponmysickmother.
②AsfarasIknow,thepatientsarewellattended(attend)inthehospital.
③Ican’tgooutwithyoutonightbecauseIhaveanurgentthingtoattendto.
[写美] 补全句子
④于是我下定决心参加那些会议并学习我能学习的一切。
Ithenmadeitapointtoattend_those_meetings_and_learn_all_I_could.
3.exposevt.暴露;
使曝光;
使面临
(1)expose...to... 暴露……给……;
使……接触……
exposeoneselfto...使自己面临……;
使自己暴露于……
(2)beexposedto遭受到;
(使)接触到
①Somepeoplethinkweshouldn’texposethechildrentoplaying(play)computergames.
②Being_exposed(expose)tostrongsunlightwilldoharmtoyourskin.
③(2015·
四川高考)Andthemorebirds_are_exposed(expose)tolight,themoreactivetheyareatnight.
[用准] 及物动词expose后若无宾语,则常常使用它的被动形式;
在expose...to...以及beexposedto结构中,to为介词,其后要用名词、代词或动名词作宾语。
[写美] 句式升级
④Whenchildrenareexposedtodifficultsituations,theyarebetterathandlingchallengingsituations.
→Exposed_to_difficult_situations,_childrenarebetterathandlingchallengingsituations.(分词作状语)
4.challengen.挑战vt.向……挑战
(1)facethechallenge 面对挑战
accept/takeupachallenge接受挑战
(2)challengesb.tosth.向某人挑战某事
challengesb.todosth.向某人挑战做某事
(3)challengingadj.具有挑战性的
challengedadj.受到挑战的
[练通]
单句语法填空
①Iwanttochallengehimtoagameofbasketball.
②Teachingyoungchildrenisachallenging(challenge)andrewardingjob.
③(2018·
全国卷Ⅲ)Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoidlookingdirectlyintohiseyessohedoesn’tfeelchallenged(challenge).
[用准] challenge本身已含有“向……;
对……”的意义,因而不要再加多余的to。
向某人挑战
[写美] 翻译句子
④在即将到来的三年里,我们的学校生活将具有挑战性。
In_the_coming_three_years,_our_school_life_will_be_challenging._
5.absorbvt.吸收;
使专心;
吞并;
理解;
掌握
[辨清] 写出下列句中absorb的含义
①Mostlittleshopshavebeenabsorbedintobigbusinessesduetotheinfluenceoftheglobalfinancialcrisis.吞并
②Afterabsorbingenoughwater,theplantsgrowwell.吸收
③Ikeepthelessonsimplebecausethestudentscan’tabsorbthatmuch.理解
(1)absorbone’sattention 吸引某人的注意力
absorb...into...把……吸收进……
absorboneselfin...专心于;
全神贯注于
absorb...from...从……中吸收……
(2)absorbedadj.全神贯注的
(be)absorbedin...全神贯注于……
④(2016·
北京高考)However,whensomethingdidinterestme,Icouldbecomeabsorbed(absorb).
⑤Asweallknow,plantsabsorbcarbondioxidefromtheair.
汤姆如此专心于工作以至于他忘了告知我会议的时间。
⑥Tomwas_so_absorbed_in_his_workthatheforgottoinformmeofthetimeofthemeeting.(absorbed)
⑦So_absorbed_was_Tom_in_his_workthatheforgottoinformmeofthetimeofthemeeting.(so...that...引导的倒装句)
⑧Absorbed_in_his_work,_Tomforgottoinformmeofthetimeofthemeeting.(形容词短语作状语)
6.blamevt.责备;
谴责;
把……归咎于n.过失;
(1)blamesb.forsth./doingsth.
为某事责备某人/责备某人做了某事
blamesth.onsb.把某事归咎于某人
betoblame(for)应(为……)承担责任/受责备
(2)put/laytheblameforsth.onsb. 将某事归咎于某人
taketheblame(for)应(为……)承担责任/受责备
①Sheblamedherhusbandforthefailureoftheirmarriage.
②Sheblamedthefailureoftheirmarriageonherhusband.
江苏高考)Somesocialappcompanieswereto_blame(blame)becausetheydidn’tadequatelychecktheirusers’registration.
④(2017·
全国卷Ⅲ)Lotsofpeoplefindithardtogetupinthemorning,andputtheblame_on_thealarmclock.
[用准] betoblame短语中blame不能用被动形式,该短语为主动形式表示被动含义。
诚实地说,李华应该为这次冲突负责。
⑤Tobehonest,LiHuais_to_blame_fortheconflict.(blamev.)
⑥Honestlyspeaking,LiHuashould_take_the_blame_fortheconflict.(blamen.)
7.contributevt.&
捐助
(1)contributesth.to... 把某物捐献给……
contributeto有助于;
导致;
投稿
(2)contributionn.捐献;
稿件
makeacontribution/contributionsto对……做出贡献
①(2017·
江苏高考)LocatedwheretheBeltmeetstheRoad,JiangsuwillcontributemoretotheBeltandRoadconstruction.
②Yourcontribution(contribute)willcertainlymaketheeventahugesuccess.
③Inconclusion,everyoneshouldmakecontributionstoprotecting(protect)theenvironment.
写出加彩词的含义
④(2015·
全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)Ifyouwanttocontributetoournewspaper,pleasesendmeyourarticlebeforethedeadline.投稿
⑤(2017·
北京高考书面表达)那些在电脑方面有天分的人有助于制作视频。
Those_who_were_talented_in_computer_contributed_to_making_the_video.
[词汇过关综合训练]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Researchersfindcures(治疗方法)forcertaindiseasesoftenbyusingtheforests’plantsandanimals.
2.Hemadeanapologytomeforhisnotattending(参加)theconcertontime.
3.(2017·
江苏高考)ManyChinesebrands,havingdevelopedtheirreputationsovercenturies,arefacingnewchallenges(挑战)fromthemodernmarket.
4.Ourteamwasdefeated(打败)lastnight,whichmadeussadanddisappointed.
5.Thestudentsmustlearntohandle(处理)thoseurgentcasesinthesummercamp.
6.Ifyouhaveapositive(积极的)attitudetowardsyourwork,youwillfeelhappy.
7.Williamtriedtojointhebasketballclubbutwasrejected(拒绝)becauseofhispoorhealth.
8.Blamed(责备)forthebreakdownoftheschoolcomputernetwork,Alicewasinlowspirits.
9.Children,whenexposed(暴露)toanEnglishspeakingatmosphere,willpickupthelanguagemuchmoreeasily.
10.Ireadtheletteronceagain,tryingtoabsorb(理解)itscontents.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.Dorememberyoumustreadtheinstruct