英语语法总结及习题Word格式.docx
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（目前我们学过的，以后可能不同）（另外一些很明显的，如人称代词、数词、情态动词等一下就可以知道）
一
名词
表示某一事物，有具体的和抽象的之分。
判断的关键词往往是be动词，be动词如果是am、is或was，名词就用原形；
be动词如果是are或were，名词就要用复数。
这里强调两点：
不可数名词都默认为单数，所以总是用is或者was；
最好不要根据some、any、a
lot
of等词去作判断，以免受误导。
如何加后缀：
a．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：
book-books,
bag-bags,
cat-cats,
bed-beds
b．以s.
x.
sh.
ch结尾，加-es，如：
bus-buses,
box-boxes,
brush-brushes,
watch-watches
c．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,
再加-es，如：
family-families,
strawberry-strawberries
d．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v,
knife-knives
e．不规则名词复数：
man-men,
woman-women,
policeman-policemen,
policewoman-policewomen,
mouse-mice
child-children
foot-feet
.tooth-teeth
fish-fish,
people-people,
Chinese-Chinese,
Japanese-Japanese
判断步骤：
如是am、is或was→原形
读句子→读该单词→认识该单词→理解意思→看be动词
如是are或were→加复数。
名词练习
（一）名词变复数
1.name__________2.bird____________3.boy____________4.girl____________5.afternoon__________6.panda__________7.window_________8.door_____________
9.desk__________10.chair_____________11.dog___________12.cat___________
13.this____________14.teacher__________15.school___________16.classroom_________
17.child__________18.bag__________19.schoolbag___________20.book____________
21.pen___________22.pencil__________23.ruler_____________24.eraser___________
25.pencilcase_________26.crayon_________27.kite_________28.monkey__________
29.monster___________30.house___________31.box_________32.ball___________
33.birthday__________34.father__________35.mother_________36.friend_________
37.car____________38.sister____________39.brother_________40.doctor__________
41.nurse__________42.driver___________43.policeman__________44.pupil_________
45.hat__________46.toy___________47.bed___________48.bear____________
49.fish__________50.tree____________51.head____________52.nose____________
53.face___________54.ear___________55.mouth___________56.eye____________
57.body__________58.leg___________59.hand____________60.foot_____________
61.baby__________62.cow___________63.pig____________64.farm_____________
65.duck___________64.chick___________65.egg___________66.snake___________
67.elephant__________68.zoo___________69.giraffe___________70.tiger_________
71.horse___________72.animal___________73.table___________74.shirt__________
75.shoe___________76.sock____________77.football___________78.basketball_________
79.lion____________80.sport___________81.meatball__________82.idea____________
83.song____________84.team___________85.meat____________86.rice____________
87.child___________88.ginger__________89.onion____________90.icecream__________
91.banana___________92.apple__________93.milk_____________94.orange___________
95.fruit__________96.mlikshake_________97.tomato___________98.T-shirt__________
99.dress__________100.party____________101.poster__________102.home__________
103.moon__________104.sky____________105.city____________106.train__________
107.bus___________108.bike_____________109.holiday___________110.ship________
111.plane__________112.weekend__________113.piano___________114.drum_________
115.jacket__________116.sweater____________117.glove_________118.present_________
119.hair___________120.dumpling_________121.firecracker_________122.knife_________
123.fork__________124.hamburger__________125.grass____________126.food_________
127.cake_________128.water____________129.boat___________130.lake___________
131.bread__________132.winner__________133.koala___________134.shop___________
135.library__________136.pear____________137.peach__________138.test___________
139.class_________140.umbrella____________141.river__________142.clock__________
143.phone________144.writer____________145.floor__________146.vegetable________
147.paper__________148.bicycle___________149.mouse__________150.trip_________
151.minute___________152.mountain___________153.candy__________154.plant________
155.ice__________156.gold__________157.paintbrush____________158.leaf__________
159.woman_________160.machine____________161.potato___________162.duck________
163.wolf_________164.sheep____________165.village__________166.filed__________
167.lie__________168.concert____________169.message__________170.report________
171.planet___________172.ring_________173.country____________174.cousin_________
175.capital__________176.map__________177.language__________178.postcard_________
179.restaurant_________180.bench_________181.playground_________182.festvial_______
183.mask________184.neighbour___________185.chocolate________186.story__________
187.invitation________186.worker_________187.point_________188.fan__________
189.presenter__________190.fire__________191.firefighter________192.line________
193.rule__________194.colour_________195.that_________196.film_________
197.doll_________198.key_________199.cup___________200.flute_________
201.watermelon________202.knee_________203.finger__________204.medicine_________
205.exercise___________206.juice__________207.toilet___________208.hero_________
常复数
shortsglasseschopstickschipssweetssunglassestrousersclothes
（二）单词补写
1.Imakethew________（世界）beautiful.
2.Afteramomentsheopenshereyesandlooksoutofthew_________（窗户）.
3.Sixtym___________makeanhour.
4.Thec_________ofChinaisBeijing.
5.Therearefours________inayear.
6.AretheremanypupilsintheparkonC_________Day?
7.ThanksgivingDayisanA_________festival.
8.Nancyisgoingtoplaythep_______atconcert.
9.Doyoulikeswimmingins_________?
10.Oneoftheboysisflyingak_______now.
（三）选出不同类的单词
（）1.A.pencilB.bikeC.busD.car
（）2.A.noseB.faceC.pigD.leg
（）3.A.penB.rulerC.schoolD.eraser
（）4.A.monkeyB.mouseC.flowerD.horse
（）5.A.appleB.carrotC.pearD.grape
（）6.A.doorB.teacherC.studentD.driver
（）7.A.cakeB.riceC.bedD.egg
（）8.A.todayB.togetherC.tomorrowD.tonight
（）9.A.hospitalB.magazineC.cinemaD.bookstore
（）10.A.driverB.singC.writeD.teach
（四）用所给词的适当形式填空
1.Therearesome_________（stamp）fromCanada.
2.Theshoesareonyour_________（foot）.
3.Theyarepickingup___________（leaf）.
4.He_________（teach）English.Heisa_________（teach）.
5.Wherearethe____________（child）?
6.Some________（meat）isonthetable.
7.Ineedmyvolleyball.It’sonthe_________（floor）.
8.Susan’s_______（notebook）areverynice.
9.Howmany________（library）arethereinyourschool?
10.Howmany________（thief）didyouseeyesterday？
11.Jim’sparentsaredoctors.Myparentsare__________（farm）.
12.Howmany________________（womanteacher）arethereinyourschool?
（五）改错
1.Whichseasonsdoyoulikebest？
_____________
2.Theleaffalldowninthefall._____________
3.Idon’tlikegrape.They’resour._____________
4.WhenisJohn’smotherbirthday?
5.Theyareindifferentclass._____________
（六）句型转换
1.Thisismyfriend（改为复数句）_____________________________________________
2.Thosearehisstrawberries.（改为单数句）_________________________________________
3.Aretheseyourbooks?
（肯定和否定回答）_______________________________________
4.I’dlikesomemilk.（划线提问）________________________________________________
5.Thegirlismysister.Sheisinblue（合成一句）___________________________________
（七）单项选择
1、Iamgoingtoplay_________guitar.
A.theB.aC.anD./
2、Ilikeall_________shapes.
A.aB.anC.theD./
3.Thisisour__________.WehaveEnglishclasseshere.
A.homeB.windowC.classroomD.classrooms
4.I’mveryhungry.Iwanttohavesome________________.
A.teaB.milkC.waterD.noodles
5.Ilike___________,becauseit’scoolandIcanflykites.
A.springB.summerC.winterD.autumn
6.—Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow?
--I’mgoingtobuy________inthebookstore.
A.someapplesB.somebooksC.apairofshoesD.somemilk
7.—Arethere_________eggsinthefridge?
—Yes,thereare_________。
A.some;
anyB.any;
someC.some;
someD,any;
any
8.—Howmany________arethereinyourschool?
---Thereare12.
A.classB.classesC.libraryD.readingroom
9.In_______,theweatheriscool.
A.winterB.summerC.fallD.spring
10.DoesJimhave_____brothers______sister?
A.some;
andB.any;
andC.some;
orD.any;
or
11.Haveyougot_________ Japanesestamps?
A.aB.anyC.someD.an
12.UsuallyIgohomeon__________.
A.carB.footC.planeD.bus
13.–What______doyoulike?
--Badminton.
A.fruitB.sportC.colourD.plant
14.Ihave_______athome.
A.abreakfastB.breakfastsC.breakfastD.anbreakfast
15.Howmany________arethereinyourfamily.
A.boysB.boyC.girlD.theboy
二
动词
这里所说的动词是指各种动词总称，其中包括行为动词（就是我们平时总说的那种动词）、be动词、情态动词。
（1）行为动词
就是我们平时上课时说的动词，表示某一动作或行为。
如：
sweep、live、run、go等。
行为动词我们已学过它们的四种形式：
原形、+s/es、+ed、+ing，
具体判断方法如下：
读句子→读该单词→认识该单词→理解意思→看有无be动词；
有，就加ing
（若是be
going
to
就用原形）
没有，再看情态动词
；
有，就用原形
没有，再看有无表示过去的时间状语；
有，就加ed
如果是第三人称单数就加s或es
没有，再看主语
，不是第三人称单数就用原形
。
以下为几种词形的变化
（一）第三人称单数的变法
动词原形变第三人称单数的规则与发音规律同名词单数变复数大致相同，请认真观察。
1）、大多数动词在词尾加“S”。
①stop－stops[s];
make－makes[s]②read－reads[z];
play－plays[z]
2）、以辅音字母加“y”结尾的，要先将“y”变为“i”，然后在加“es”如：
fly－flies[z]；
carry－carries[z]study－studies[z];
worry－worries
3）、以“s,x,ch,sh”结尾的，在词尾加“es”，如：
teach－teaches[iz];
watch－watches[iz]
4）、以“o”结尾的动词，加“es”，如：
go－goes[z]do－does[z]
（二）现在分词
动词加ing的变化规则
1．一般情况下，直接加ing，如：
cook-cooking
2．以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：
make-making,
taste-tasting
3．假如末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，
run-running,
stop-stopping
（三）过去式变化规则：
1．一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：
work__-worked
cook-cooked
2．结尾是e加d，如：
live____lived
3．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：
stop-stopped
4．以“辅音字母
y
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