完整高考状语从句考点复习要点Word文档格式.docx
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考点三、状语从句与非谓语动词之间的替换;
考点四、状语从句的倒装结构(hardly/scarcely…when;
nosooner…than等)
考点五、根据从句与主句的逻辑关系选用从属连词;
2.根据从属连词的词义。
分类:
状语从句按其作用可分为九类。
四、★.
1.时间状语从句常见的从属连词有:
(注意其汉语意义
when,while,as,before,after,since,until(tillonceassoonas,themoment,theminute,
immediately,directly,each/everytime,thefirsttime,thelasttime,nexttime,bythe
time,whenever等。
例如:
Every/EachtimeIwasintrouble,hewouldcometomyhelp.
IthoughtherniceandhonestthefirsttimeImether.
注意:
(1)when,while,as的区别:
1when引导从句时,主从句的动作有先有后,也可以同时进行,从句的动作可以是持续性的,也可以是短暂的。
如:
WhenIgottotheairport,theplanehadalreadytakenoff.(主先从后)(短暂性)
WhenIlivedthere,IusedtogototheseasideonSundays.(同时(持续性)
Whenthemovieended,thepeoplewentback.(从先主后)
2while侧重主从句动作的对比,且从句的动词必须是持续性的。
Whilewewerechattingshewaslookingatthetimetableonthewall.
3as引导从句时侧重主从句动作同时或几乎同时进行,从句的动作可以是持续性的,也可以是短暂的。
SometimesIwatchTVasIamhavingbreakfast.
4)when和while还可以是并列连词,意分别为“就在这时”,“然而”。
eg.Iwas
havingarestonthesofawhenthetelephonerang.
Theyweresurprisedthatachildshouldworkouttheproblemwhiletheycouldn'
t.
注:
并列连词when常用与以下句型中:
①…was/weredoing…when…(正在做…突然)②…was/wereabouttodo…when…(刚要做…突然)
③…was/wereonthepointofdoing…when…(刚要做…突然④…hadjust
done…when….(刚一…就
⑤Hardly/Scarcelyhad…done…when…(刚一…就
的词义:
before词义非常灵活,注意下列句子中的,引导从句时(2before
①.BeforeIcouldgetinaword,thetailorhadmeasuredme.(还没来得及就②We
hadn'
trunamilebeforehefelttired.(还没…就③.Wehadsailed4daysbeforewesaw
land.(…才…④.Pleasewriteitdownbeforeyouforgetit.(趁还…没就
(3till(until和not…till(until
till(until:
主句谓语动词必须是持续性的,意思是“到…为止“如:
Heremainedthere
till/untilshearrived.
not…till(until…:
主句谓语动词必须是短暂性的,意思是“直到…才”如:
Shewon'
tgo
tobedtill/untilhereturnshome.
not…until还有强调式和倒装式:
强调句:
Itisnotuntilhereturnshomethatshewillgotobed.倒装句:
Notuntilhe
returnshomewillshegotobed.
(4几个极易混淆的时间状语从句:
Itwas+时间点+when…(当的时候时间是)
Itwas5amwhenwearrivedatthevillage.
Itwas/willbe+时间段+before…(没过…就/过了…才
Itwas/willbetwoweeksbeforewemet/meetagain.
Itis/hasbeen+时间段+since…(自从…以来有…)
Itis/hasbeen3yearssincewelastmet.
突破点:
一看be动词的时态,二看时间段还是时间点。
在“Itis/hasbeen+时间段+since…”句型中,从句的动词必须是短暂性的,如果是延续性的动词,时间要从从句的动作结束时算起。
Itis3yearssinceI
smoked.(我戒烟有三年了
2.条件状语从句
常见的从属连词有:
if,unless,as/solongas,as/sofaras,onconditionthat,incase(万一,themore…,themore…等。
As/SofarasIcansee(amconcerned,itwillbeimpossibleforthemtofinishthetask.
前面为从句(.Themorebooksyouread,thehappieryouwillfeel
3.原因状语从句常见的从属连词有:
because,since,nowthat,as等。
注意because,since,as的区别:
1)why的语气最强,它引导的从句比主句更重要,从句的位置可前可后;
例外回答why的问句必须使用because。
-Whywereyouabsentfromthemeetingyesterday?
-BecauseIwasill.
2since和nowthat意为“既然”,语气仅次于because,从句的位置一般在前面。
Since
everybodyishere,let'
sbeginourmeeting.
3as的语气比since更弱,意思是“由于”,从句的位置可前可后。
Asyoudidn'
tturnupatyesterday'
sget-together,wemissedyouverymuch.
4)*for也有“因为”之意,但for是并列连词常用来来补充说明原因或用来表示推断的依据,前面常带逗号。
Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet.
4.让步状语从句常见的从属连词有:
though,although,as,evenif/though,no
matterwh-,wh-ever,whether…or…等。
Howeverlate/Nomatterhowlateheis,hisfamilywillwaitforhimtohavedinner
together.
Childasheis,heknowsalot.(as引导的让步状语从句必须倒装
Whetheritisfineornot,Iwillgoboating.
5.地点状语从句常见的从属连词有:
*where,wherever等。
如:
Putthebook
whereitis.
6.比较状语从句常见的从属连词有:
*as…as,*notso(as…as,*than等。
(1在表达倍数时,可用三种句型:
1A…+倍数+比较级+thanB如:
Thisbuildingistwicetallerthanthatone.
2A…+倍数+as原级as+B如:
Thisbuildingisthreetimesastallasthatone.
3A…+倍数+thesize(height,weight,lengthetc.+ofB
.Thisbuildingisthreetimesthesizeofthatone如:
(2三种句型变式:
①倍数+more+名词+than②倍数+asmany/much+名词+as
Americanseatmorethantwiceasmanyvegetablesperpersontodayastheydidin1910.
ItisreportedthattheUnitedStatesusestwiceasmuchenergyasthewholeofEurope.
7.方式状语从句常见的从属连词有:
as,asif/though等.
asif/though引导的从句常用虚拟语气,表示非真实情况.
Hetalksaboutthemoonasifhehadbeenthere.(从句动作先发生
Shetreatedtheboyasifhewere/washerownchild.(主从句动作同时发生
8.目的状语从句常见的从属连词有:
sothat,that,inorderthat,incase(以免,
forfearthat,lest(以免)等。
Moststudentsgotocollege(sothattheycanbeengineers,teachersorchemists.
从句中的情态动词can,could,may,might等提示为目的状语从句.
9.结果状语从句常见的从属连词有:
so…that,such…that,sothat等。
Heearnedsolittlemoneythathecouldn'
tsupporthisfamily.
Itissuchfineweatherthatweallwanttogotothepark..
Tomstudiedveryhardsothathepassedtheexam.
五、用法灵活的as,when,while引导的状语从句
1.as可以引导时间、原因、让步、比较和方式等5种状语从句。
2.when可以引导时间、条件和原因等3种状语从句。
Howcanweexplainittoyouwhen(=ifyouwon'
tlisten.
Itwasfoolishofyoutotakeataxiwhenyoucouldeasilywalktherein5minutes
3.while可以引导时间、让步、条件和原因等4种状语从句。
While(=ThoughIlikethecolorofthehat,Idon'
tlikeitsshape.
While(=Aslongasthereislifethereishope.
--I'
mgoingtothepostoffice.–While(=Sinceyouarethere,canyougetmesomestamps?
六、状语从句的省略——当时间、条件、让步、方式和比较状语从句的主语与主句一致或为it或there且谓语动词含be动词时,从句中的主语和谓语可以一起省去。
Don'
tspeakuntilspokento.(省略了youare
Ihavenomoney.Ifany,Iwilllendyousome.(省略了thereis
Thoughcold,hestillworeashirt.(省略了itwas
Someflowersshutupatnightasiftosleep.(省略了theywere
七、状语从句与定语从句的转换
1Makemarkswhereyouhavequestions.(地点状语从句
→Makemarksattheplaceswhereyouhavequestions.(定语从句
2Itissuchanadvancedtheorythatfewpeopleunderstandit.(结果状语从句
→Itissuchanadvancedtheoryasfewpeopleunderstand.(定语从句
巩固练习
1__________,hisideawasacceptedbyallthepeopleatthemeeting.(2007重庆
A.Strangeasmightitsound
B.B.Asitmightsoundstrange
C.Asstrangeitmightsound
D.Strangeasitmightsound
2.____tomorrow,ourshipwillsetsailforMacao.
(2007上海春
A.Howevertheweatherislike
B.Howeveristheweatherlike
C.Whateveristheweatherlike
D.Whatevertheweatherislike
3.____________,hetalksalotabouthisfavouritesingersafterclass.(2005重庆
A.Aquietstudentashemaybe
B.Quietstudentashemaybe
C.Beaquietstudentashemay
D.Quietashemaybeastudent
4.________hehaslimitedtechnicalknowledge,theoldworkerhasalotof
experience.(2006全国1
A.SinceB.UnlessC.AsD.Although
5._________,Ihavetoputitawayandfocusmyattentiononstudythisweek.(2004上海春
A.Howeverthestoryisamusing
B.Nomatteramusingthestoryis
C.Howeveramusingthestoryis
D.Nomatterhowthestoryisamusing
6---IhearJohnsonwasbadlyinjuredintheaccident.
---____,let'
sgoandseehim.
A.What'
smoreB.Ifso
C.WherepossibleD.Whennecessary
7Abeamoflightwillnotbendroundunless____todosowiththehelpofareflecting
device.
A.havingbeenmadeB.beingmade
C.madeD.youmake
8Carefulsurveyshaveindicatedthatasmanyas50percentpatientsdonottakedrugs
____directed.
A.likeB.soC.whichD.as
DDBDCBCD答案:
条件状语从句
条件状语从句常见连词:
if表示正面条件“如果”,unless表示反面条件,“如果不”,还有一组意思非常相近的连词:
provided,suppose,aslongas,incase,on
conditionthat,表示“只要,假如,假使,在…条件下”等意思。
条件状语从句一般考查三点:
1在条件状语从句中常用一般时表示将要发生的动作。
(如2004吉林27题2if,unless,incase是考查重点。
3when还可表条件,这一点不可忽视。
意思是:
既然,考虑到。
Howcantheylearnanythingwhentheyspendalltheirsparetimewatchingtelevision?
他们把所有空闲的时间都用来看电视了,还能学到什么东西呢?
2004-2006年各省市高考共考查八次:
1._____youcallmetosayyou'
renotcoming,I'
llseeyouatthetheatre.(2004吉林27
A.ThoughB.WhetherC.UntilD.Unless
2.---Whatwouldyoudoifit___tomorrow?
---Wehavetocarryiton,sincewe'
vegoteverythingready.(2005全国I9
A.rainB.rainsC.willrainD.israining
3.Youmustkeeponworkingintheevening____youaresureyoucanfinishthetaskin
time.(2005安徽22
A.asB.ifC.whenD.unless
4._______you'
vetriedit,youcan'
timaginehowpleasantitis.(2006北京33
A.UnlessB.BecauseC.AlthoughD.When
5.Intimeofseriousaccidents,____weknowsomebasicthingsaboutfirstaid,wecan
savelives.(2006重庆23
A.whetherB.untilC.ifD.unless
6.Wewon'
tkeepwinninggames____wekeepplayingwell.(2006浙江2
A.becauseB.unlessC.whenD.while
7.____environmentaldamagesisdone,ittakesmanyyearsfortheecosystemto
31江苏recover.(2006.
A.EvenifB.IfonlyC.WhileD.Once
8.Howcanyouexpecttolearnanything______youneverlisten?
(2006山东31
A.incaseB.evenifC.unlessD.when
■让步状语从句
让步状语从句的连词有:
though\although“尽管”,evenif\eventhough“即使”,no
matterhow(what,when,which,who,where,however(whatever,whenever,whichever,whoever,wherever“无论”,as“尽管”。
1.although与though可互换,都可以与yet,still或nevertheless连用,但不能和but连用。
2.As\though从句放在主句之首,须用倒装语序。
3However引导让步状语从句时后紧跟形容词或副词。
(此点考查频率最高。
4.While也可引导让步状语从句,这一点特容易被考生忽视。
(但2004江苏23题却涉及这一考点5.Whatever修饰名词,“无论什么”,however修饰形容词、副词,“无论多么,无论怎么”。
6.evenif\eventhough(即使与asif\asthough(好像这两组学生容易混淆,也是出题者关注的对象,平时要记准含义。
(2005湖南23
让步状语从句详讲
一、whatever,whoever,wherever,whenever,however等引导的让步状语从句。
这类词引导的让步状语从句可以和nomatterwhat/who/where/when/how等引导的让步状语从句换用,意为“无论……,都……”。
解这一类题目时,要注意连词在让步状语从句中所作的句子成分,另外,还要注意从句的语序。
1.________t