被动语态docWord文档下载推荐.docx

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被动语态docWord文档下载推荐.docx

Thechopsticksaremadeofsteel.

Teaplantsaregrownonthesidesofmountains.TVwasinventedin1927.

TVwasinventedin1927.

Theshoeswithlightsareusedforseeinginthedark.

Teenagersshouldbeallowedtochoosetheirownclothes.

我们通过朗读观察,不难发现英语动词被动语态的构成要件是“助动词(be)+及物动词过去分词”。

而且被动词会随主语人称和动词时态变化而变化。

用所给动词适当形式填空,使句子意思完整

1、She_____________(ask)tocleantheroomsbyhismothereveryday.

2、Thebasketballplayersourschool____________(drive)topracticefor2hourseverymorning.

3、Thetea____________(invent)byShengNongbyaccident.

4、AccordingtoChinesehistory,skylanterns____________(use)byZhugeKongmingtoaskforhelpwhenintrouble,butnowit____________(use)atfestivalsandothercelebrationsforseeing.

5、The 

bridge 

will 

____________(finish)next 

month.

6、The 

problem 

is 

going 

to 

____________(discuss) 

at 

the 

meeting

7、Itisreportedthatthenewweapon__________________(willuse)widelytoequiptheforcesofoursolders.

8、Thenewtechnology_______________(use)inagriculturebecauseofitsdamage(破坏性)totheenvironment.

9、A 

new 

cinema 

_____ 

____________(build)here. 

They 

hope 

finish 

it 

next 

10、Rainforests 

(cut)and 

burned 

such 

speed 

that 

they 

disappear 

from 

earth 

in 

the 

near 

future. 

11、Many 

buildings 

__________________ 

(build) 

since 

1980.

12、Paper 

money 

__________________(use)for 

over 

thousand 

years

通过上面的例句,我们不难发现不同时态的被动语态构成要件相同,都是由“be+动词过去分词”构成,但在具体时态中,表现形式却不一样。

、各种时态的被动语态举例(以动词do为例)

 1.一般现在时(am/is/are+done)

 Englishisspokenbylotsofpeopleintheworld.世界上的许多人都说英语。

 ClassmeetingisheldeveryThursday.每周四都举行班会。

 Theclassroomiscleanedbythestudentseveryday.学生们每天都打扫教室。

 2.一般过去时(was/were+done)

 Thecupwasbrokenbytheboy.杯子被那个男孩打碎了。

 Hewassavedatlast.他最终获救了。

 Mybikewasstolen.我的自行车被偷了。

 3.一般将来时与过去将来时(will/shallbe+done;

would/shouldbe+done)

 Aspeechwillbegiventhisafternoon.今天下午有一个演讲。

 Anewroadwillbebuiltnextyear.明年要修一条新马路。

 Ithoughtthousandsofpeoplewouldbehelped.我认为将有数千人得到帮助。

 4.现在进行时与过去进行时(am/is/arebeing+done;

was/werebeing+done)

 Themachinewasbeingrepairedatthistimeyesterday.昨天这时,机器正在被修理。

 Theproblemisbeingdiscussednow.问题正在被讨论。

 Abusisbeingpushedbythepassengers.路人正在推一辆公共汽车。

 5.现在完成时(have/hasbeen+done)

 Twohundredtreeshavebeenplantedbynow.到现在为止,已经种了二百棵树了。

 Thebookhasbeenreadmanytimesbyme.这本书已经被我读了许多遍了。

 6.过去完成时(hadbeen+done)

 Theysaidtheyhadbeeninvitedtotheparty.他们说已经被邀请参加晚会了。

 Shefoundthehousehadbeendestroyedbythestorm.她发现房子已经被暴风雨摧毁。

 Hehadbeentorturedbytheillnessformanyyearsbeforehedied.

 他在去世前已经被疾病折磨很多年了。

总结:

主动语态变被动语态的方法

(1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。

 

(2)把谓语变成被动结构(be+过去分词)

(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数,以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。

(3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语,将主格改为宾格。

例如:

Allthepeoplelaughedathim.----Hewaslaughedatbyallpeople.

Theymakethebikesinthefactory.----Thebikesaremadebytheminthefactory.

歌诀是:

宾变主,主变宾,by短语后面跟。

谓语动词变被动,be后“过分”来使用。

、主动语态变被动语态需要注意的几个问题.

(1)时态保持一致。

Ihaverepairedmycomputer.---Mycomputerhasbeenrepaired. 

(2)情态动词的被动语态结构为:

情态动词+be+过去分词;

其时态及句型的变化仅由情态动词完成,"

be+过去分词"

部分不变。

如:

 Tablescanbemadeofstone.桌子可由石头制造。

 Tablescouldbemadeofstoneatthattime.那时桌子可由石头制造。

(一般过去时)

 Cantablesbemadeofstone?

桌子能用石头制造吗?

(疑问句)

(3)主动语态中可接双宾的动词变被动语态有两种情况:

一种是将句子的直接宾语用作被动语态的主语,而间接宾语前加介词to或for.加介词to的动词有give,show,sell等,加介词for的有buy等;

第二种是将主动语态的间接宾语用作被动语态的主语,直接宾语前不加介词。

Shegavemeaball.改为:

Aballwasgiventome.或者Iwasgivenaball.

又如:

Myfatherboughtmeabike.改为:

Abikewasbroughtforme.或者Iwasboughtabike.

(4)当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时,将宾语变为被动结构中的主语,其余不动。

  例Someonecaughttheboysmokingacigarette.可改为Theboywascaughtsmokingacigarette.

(5)主动语态句中动词make,have,let(使sb做sth),notice.see.watch,lookat, 

hear,listento,feel等变成被动语态时,后面的不定式需要加上to. 

Mr.Leemadehimwashthedishes. 

--Hewasmadetowashthedishes.

(6)有些相当于及物动词的动词词组,如“动词+介词”,“动词+副词”等,也可以用于被动结构,但要把它们看作一个整体,不能分开。

其中的介词或副词也不能省略。

例ThemeetingistobeputofftillFriday.

(7)非谓语动词的被动语态v.+ing形式及不定式todo也有被动语态(一般时态和完成时态)。

例Idon'

tlikebeinglaughedatinthepublic.

(8)Itissaidthat+从句及其他类似句型

  一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如believe,consider,expect,report,say,suppose,think等可以用于句型“It+be+过去分词+that从句”或“主语+be+过去分词+todosth.”。

有:

  Itissaidthat…据说,Itisreportedthat…据报道,Itisbelievedthat…大家相信,Itishopedthat…大家希望,Itiswellknownthat…众所周知,Itisthoughtthat…大家认为,Itissuggestedthat…据建议。

 

  例Itissaidthattheboyhaspassedthenationalexam.(=Theboyissaidtohavepassedthenationalexam.)

【语态专项练习】

Ⅰ.请从各题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。

()1.—DidyougotoSam’sweekendparty?

—No,I____________.

A.amnotinvitedB.wasn’tinvited

C.haven’tinvitedD.didn’tinvite

()2.Theletter____________inJapanese.Ican’treadit.

A.iswritingB.iswrittenC.wroteD.writes

()3.—Susan,whyareyoustillhere?

Theyareallreadytostart.

—I’msorry,butI_______________when

tomeet.

A.amnottoldB.didn’ttellC.haven’ttoldD.wasn’ttold

()4.Todaycomputers_______________inbothcitiesandtowns.

A.wereusingB.areusedC.wereusedD.areusing

()5.Anewsupermarket_____________inmyhometownnextmonth.

A.willbuiltB.willbebuiltC.isbuiltD.builds

()6.—Alice,you______________onthephone.

—I’mcoming.Thanks.

A.wantB.arewanted

C.werewantedD.havewanted

()7.Perso

nalcomputers____________in1976.Theyhavechangedthewholeworld.

A.havebeeninventedB.areinvented

C.wereinventedD.willbeinvented

()8.—Yourskirtisniceandlooksdifferentfromothergirls’.

—Thanks.Mymother____________itlastmonth.

A.wasmadeB.hasmade

C.hasbeenmadeD.made

()9.Iknowshewon’tcometojoinusunlessshe__________to.

A.tellsB.willbetold

C.istoldD.wastold

()10.Jamesismyfriend.He_________

_Jimforshort.

A.callsB.iscalledC.calledD.iscalling

()11.English____________inCanada,AustraliaandNewZealandaswellasAmericaandBritain.

A.speaksB.isspeaking

C.isspokenD.spoke

()12.Thewindow___________tenminutesago,andtheroomisbrightnow.

A.cleanedB.iscleanedC.wascleanedD.willclean

()13.TodayIcan’tgotowork.Mysickmothershould__________.

A.betakengoodcareB.betakengoodcareof

C.takegoodcareD.takegoodcareof

()14.—I___________yourrecorder.Itworksnow.

—Thankyouverymuch.

A.havebeenrepairedB.willrepair

C.haverepairedD.wasrepaired

()15.We’llhavethreedaysoffifthework________tod

ay.

A.finishesB.canfinish

C.wasfinishedD.canbefinished

()16.—Howoften___________yourschoolsportsmeeting________?

—Onceayear.

A.were,heldB.are,held

C.was,heldD.is,held

()17.ThewatchIlostyesterday__________inmydrawer.

A.hasfoundB.found

C.hasbeenfoundD.hadbee

nfound

()18.Moretreesmust___________inNorthChinaeveryyeartostopthewind.

A.beplantedB.plant

C.plantedD.areplanted

()19.TraditionalBeijingopera__________tothemusiccoursesinmiddleschoolinthefuture.

A.willaddB.willbeadded

C.addsD.wasadded

()20.Inourschool,thebooksfromthelibrarywithintwoweeks.

A.returnB.mustreturn

C.willreturnD.mustbereturned

()21.—Thispicture___________toamuseuminNewYorkin2008.

—Yes,itcostalot.

A.hasbeensoldB.willbesold

C.issold

D.wassold

()22.Thechildren_____________nottosmoke.

A.aretoldB.told

C.tellD.aretelling

()23.Alotoftallbuildings____________nearourhousesofa

r.

A.havebeenbuiltB.arebuilt

C.havebuiltD.werebuilt

()24.Jimdoesn’thavetobemade_________.Healwaysworkshard.

A.learnB.tolearnC.learnedD.learning

()25.—Whatwasthe

resultofthefootballmatch?

—Badluck.Ourteam_____________.

A.beatB.won

C.wasbeatenD.haswon

Ⅱ.请将主动语与被动语态互换,每空一词。

1.Chineseisspokenbymoreandmoreforeignersnow.

_____________________________________________________now.

2.Thetwinsateupallthebananasontheplate.

Allthebananasontheplate___________________upbythetwins.

3.Wemustfinishtheworkintwohours.

Thework________________________________intwohours.

4.Thousandsofhousesinthatareaweredestroyed

by

theearthquake.

______________________________________________________inthatarea.

5.Beijinghashostedthe29thOlympicGames

successfully.

The29thOlympicGames________________________________successfullybyBeij

ing.

6.Thegirlcopiesapoemeveryweek.

Apoem_________________________bythegirleveryweek.

7.Theclassroomshouldbecleanedbythestudents

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