人教版英语高二上学期综合检测卷三Word文档下载推荐.docx

人教版英语高二上学期综合检测卷三Word文档下载推荐.docx

《人教版英语高二上学期综合检测卷三Word文档下载推荐.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《人教版英语高二上学期综合检测卷三Word文档下载推荐.docx（18页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

Attitudestowardselectricvehicleshavechangedquiteconsiderablyoverthelastfewyears.Notthatlongago,electriccarsmetwithdistrust,andtheirhighpricetagsdrovecustomersaway.Thankstoimprovementsinbatterycapacity,rechargingtimes,performanceandprice,thecurrentgenerationofelectriccarsisstartingtopersuadecritics.Plug-incarswillsoongiveinternalcombustionenginemodelsarunfortheirmoney.

Aswellasadvancementsontheroad,electricvehiclesaretakingtotheseaandsky.Electricboatsareamongtheoldestelectricvehicles,havingenjoyedseveraldecadesofpopularityfromthelate19thtotheearly20thcenturybeforepetrol-poweredoutboardmotorstookover.Now,theglobaldriveforrenewableenergysourcesisbringingelectricboatsback.Stepstowardselectricplanesarealsobeingmade,withAirbusandNASAamongtheorganizationsdevelopingandtestingbattery-poweredplanes.Theexperimentscouldsoonmakecommercialelectricflightareality.

Electricvehiclesdonotproduceanyemissions.WeretheUStoactonthestudy'

sfindingsandreplace87percentofitscarswithelectricvehicles,itwouldreducethenationaldemandforpetrolby61percent.However,becauseoftheproductionprocessesandthegenerationofelectricityrequiredtochargethesevehicles,theycannotclaimtobecompletelyemission-free.Evenso,asmanycountriescontinuetoincreasetheiruseofrenewableenergysources,electricvehicleswillbecomeevencleaner.

（1）Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthispassage?

A.MyDreamCar 

B.HistoryofElectricCars

C.ProblemswithPetrolCars 

D.DrivingintotheFuture

（2）Theunderlinedword"

hurdle"

inParagraph2means____.

A.aim 

B.barrier 

C.consequence 

D.step

（3）Inthepast,whydidmanypeoplerefusetobuytheelectriccarsaccordingtothepassage?

A.Theywerenotgoodvalue.

B.Theywereverypoorlymade.

C.Theywerenotwidelypromoted.

D.Theycouldn'

ttravelatahighspeed.

（4）WhatisthefunctionofParagraph4?

A.Tointroducethehistoryofelectricvehicles.

B.Toexplainwhytheworldneedsmoreelectriccars.

C.Toshowwhymorepeoplehaveinterestinelectriccars.

D.Todescribedifferentwayselectricvehiclescanbeused.

2．（8分）

WhatCocktailPartiesTeachUs

You'

reataparty.Musicisplaying.Glassesareclinking.Dozensofconversationsaredrivingupthedecibel（分贝）level.Yetamongallthosedistractions,youcantuneyourattentiontojustonevoicefrommany.Thisabilityiswhatresearcherscallthe"

cocktail-partyeffect"

.

ScientistsattheUniversityofCaliforniainSanFranciscohavefoundwherethatsound-editingprocessoccursinthebrain—intheauditorycortex（听觉皮层）justbehindtheear,notinareasofhigherthought.Theauditorycortexboostssomesoundsandturnsdownotherssothatwhenthesignalreachesthehigherbrain,"

it'

sasifonlyonepersonwasspeakingalone,"

saysinvestigatorEdwardChang.

Thesefindings,publishedinthejournalNaturelastweek,explainwhypeoplearen'

tverygoodatmultitasking—ourbrainsarewiredfor"

selectiveattention"

andcanfocusononlyonethingatatime.Thatinbornabilityhashelpedhumanssurviveinaworldbuzzingwithvisualandauditorystimulation（刺激）.Butwekeeptryingtopushthelimitswithmultitasking,sometimeswithtragic（悲剧的）consequences.Driverstalkingoncellphones,forexample,arefourtimesaslikelytogetintotrafficaccidentsasthosewhoaren'

t.

Manyofthoseaccidentsaredueto"

inattentionalblindness"

inwhichpeoplecan,ineffect,turnablindeyetothingstheyaren'

tfocusingon.Themoreattentionataskdemands,thelessattentionwecanpaytootherthingsinourfieldofvision.Imageslandonourretinas（视网膜）andareeitherboostedorplayeddowninthevisualcortexbeforebeingpassedtothebrain,justastheauditorycortexfilterssounds,asshownintheNaturestudylastweek."

It'

sapush-pullrelationship—themorewefocusononething,thelesswecanfocusonothers,"

saysDianeM.Beck,anassociateprofessorofpsychologyattheUniversityofIllinois.

StudiesoverthepastdecadeattheUniversityofUtahshowthatdriverstalkingonhands-freecellphonesarejustasinfluencedasthoseonhands-heldphonesbecauseitistheconversation,notthedevice,thatisdistractingtheirattention.Thosetalkingonanykindofcellphonereactmoreslowlyandmissmoretrafficsignalsthanothermotorists.

Somepeoplecantrainthemselvestopayextraattentiontothingsthatareimportant—likepoliceofficerslearntoscancrowdsforfacesandconductorscanlistenforindividualinstrumentswithintheorchestraasawhole.Manymorethinktheycaneffectivelymultitask,butareactuallyshiftingtheirattentionrapidlybetweentwothingsandnotgettingthefulleffectofeither,expertssay.

（1）WhathavescientistsinUniversityofCaliforniafoundabout"

thecocktail-partyeffect"

?

A.Usuallythereisonlyonepersonwhoisspeakingalone.

B.Allkindsofannoyingsoundsdriveupthedecibellevel.

C.Thehigherbrainprocessessoundsandimagesselectively.

D.Soundsaresortedoutbeforereachingthehigherbrain.

（2）Whatdowelearnfromthepassage?

A.Wearebiologicallyincapableofmultitasking.

B.Wesurvivedistractionsinlifebymultitasking.

C.Wecannotmultitaskwithoutextraattention.

D.Webenefitfrompushingthelimitwithmultitasking.

（3）Whichofthefollowingisanexampleof"

A.Acarelessdriverlosthiseyesightafteracaraccident.

B.Policescannedthecrowdsandlocatedthecriminal.

C.Amanagertalkedonahands-freephonewithhisclient.

D.Apedestrianhadacaraccidentbecauseofphubbing（低头）.

（4）Themainpurposeofthepassageisto____.

A.compareandcontrast 

B.informandexplain

C.argueanddiscuss 

D.examineandevaluate

3．（8分） 

Tostartaconversationaboutthesecrettohappiness,ABCNews'

healtheditorDr.RichardBesserhostedaTwitterchatTuesday.ExpertsfromtheNationalInstitutesofHealth,MayoClinic,HarvardUniversityandTEDMED,aswellascliniciansandpeoplefromacrossthecountry,joinedtheone-hourdiscussion.Therearecountlesswaystomeasurehappiness.Withresearchonthetopicincreasing,researchershavecarriedoutsurveystostudypeople'

ssenseofwell-being.

AngelaHaupt,healthandwellnesseditorforU.S.NewsandWorldReport,said,"

Happinessindicatorsincludelifesatisfaction,healthandcommunityengagement."

@toddkashdanaddedthat,"

despiteproblemswithself-reports,thereisnobetterwaytomeasurehappinessthanfocusingonpersonalthoughtsandfeelings."

Whilescientiststrytofindoutwhatcausedhappiness,othersoftenbelievethattruejoydoesn'

texist.DrFriedman,apsychiatristatNewYorkPresbyterian-WeillCornellHospital,saidthat"

happinessishardtomeasure,buteasytorecognize."

Still,commonthemesaboutsatisfactioncomeupintheseconversations.Findingmeaningindailyworkwasimportant.Indeed,researchershavefoundthathavingcreativeandpurposefulworktodoisakeyfactorinhappiness.Butpeoplewerequicktostatetheimportanceofbalancingworkandfamilyobligations.

Chatparticipants（参与者）agreedthatmoneydoesnotsurelybringhappiness.Andstudiesagreeoncepeople'

sbasicneedslikefoodandhousingaremet,higherincomesdolittletoimproveyourhappiness.Atlast,peoplefoundvalueintheirconnectionswithothers.Researchshowsthathavingsupportthroughfriends,family,andsocialnetworkscanbringhappiness.Manyagreewith@drmommy,whosaid"

Imeasuremyhappinessbythelovingpeoplethatarearoundme."

So,canweincreaseourhappiness?

Expressinggratitude（感激）isapossiblewayoffeelinghappiness.Researchershavefoundthatpeoplewhoregularlywritedownthingsforwhichtheyaregratefulin"

gratitudejournals"

haveincreasedsatisfactioninlife,higherenergylevels,andimprovedhealth.Inonestudy,peoplewhoreadaletterofappreciationtosomeoneintheirlivesprovehappieralmostonemonthlater.Performingactsofkindnesscanraiseyourmoods.

Datashowthatourrelationshipsmatter,too.Peoplewhoareinterestedinmeaningfulconversationswithfriendsorfamilyarereportedtobehappierthanthosewhodon'

t.Closeinterpersonaltiesandstrongsocialsupportareimportantforhappiness.

（1）DrFriedmanmayagreethat____.

A.happinesscanbemeasuredbyhealth

B.happinesscanneverbemeasured

C.it'

seasytoseewhetheroneishappy

D.it'

shardtoseekforhappiness

（2）Itcanbelearntthat@drmommymeasureshishappinessby____.

A.health 

B.purposefulwork

C.meaningfulwork 

D.friends'