英语熟词生义Word文档格式.docx
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②Thebooksaregradedaccordingtothedifficultyofthelanguage.
3.draftn草案;
草稿;
草图→v起草
①Thisisonlyaroughdraft-thefinishedarticlewillhavepicturestoo.
②Draftaproposalfortheprojectandwecandiscussitatthemeeting.
4.voicen声音→v表达;
吐露;
(尤指)表示(质疑、抱怨)
①You'
llhavetoraiseyourvoiceifyouwanttobeheardinhere.
②Somescientistshavevoicedconcernthatthediseasecouldbepassedontohumans.
5.schooln.流派→v教育;
培养
①Hewasinfluencedbyvariouspaintersandphotographers,butshewasneveramemberofanyschool.
②Herchildrenarewellschooledincorrectbehaviour.
6.bookn.书;
本子→v.预定,定(房间、车票等)
①Hiseighthbookcameoutearlierthisyearandwasaninstantbest-seller.
②Onemorning,Ihadtobookanimmediateflighthomeforafamilyemergency.
7.screenn.屏幕;
银幕→v掩护,庇护
①Writetheletteronthecomputer,thenyoucanmakechangeseasilyonscreen.
②Sheraisedherhandtoscreenhereyesfromthebrightlight.
8.sandwichn三明治,夹心面包片→v.夹入,挤入
Icouldn'
tturnaroundtoseewhodiditbecauseIwassandwichedbetweentwotallmen.
语言能力素养练-----名词动化
(二)
…howChinahasfueledthefashionableimaginationforcenturies.(2019全国卷III)
几个世纪以来中国是如何启迪时尚想象力的。
fuel常用作名词,意为“燃料”用作动词意为“加强、刺激”。
又如:
Thecriticismshehasfacedhasonlyfueledherdeterminationtosucceed.她所面临的批评只会激发她成功的决心。
实战演练
(二)
1.power能源,动力→v给…提供能量;
驱动(机器)
①Thebreakdownofthissectionofthepowerlinecausedapowercutoveralargearea.
②Electricitycostslessthanpetrol,sopoweringanelectricvehicleischeaper.
2.programmen节目,程序,计划→v编程;
为…制订计划
①Theschooloffersanexcitingandvariedprogrammeofsocialevents.
②Heprogrammedhiscomputertocompareallthepossiblecombinations
3.picturen记忆;
印象→v想象,设想
①IhaveavividpictureofmygrandfathersmilingdownatmewhenIwasverysmall.
②Ifyoucouldtrytopicturehowdifficultlifewasinthosedays,you'
llunderstandmore.
4.outlinen轮廓,概要→v勾勒,描画…的轮廓
①Ifyoureadtheminutesofthemeeting,they'
llgiveyouabroadoutlineofwhatwasdiscussed.
②Theareawe'
reinterestedinisoutlinedinredonthemap.
5.ringn铃声→v环绕;
萦绕
①Hegaveacoupleofloudringsonthedoorbell,butnobodyanswered.
②Thechildren'
slaughterwasstillringinginmyearsasIlefttheplayground.
6.servicen效劳,服务→v维修;
保养
①Afterretiring,shebecameinvolvedinvoluntaryserviceinthelocalcommunity.
②Makesurethatallgasfiresandcentralheatingboilersareservicedannually.
7.vacationn假期→v度假
①Hewassoanxioustoreturnhomethathehadbookedatrainticketbeforethevacationbegan.
②Itispossibletovacationatsomeofthemoreexpensiveresortsifyougointheoff-season
8.questionn问题,疑问→询问,盘问;
对…有疑问
①Thekeyquestionofwhatcausedtheleakremainsunanswered.
②Hewasquestionedforsixhoursbutreleasedwithoutcharge.
语言能力素养练-----名词动化(三)
Since1958,theyhavebeenrecognisedasthenationaltheatreofIsrael.ThisproductionofShakespeare’sTheMerchantofVenicemarkstheirfirstvisittotheUK.(2017年全国II卷阅读理解)
自1958年以来,他们被公认为以色列国家剧院。
这部莎士比亚的《威尼斯商人》标志着他们第一次访问英国。
mark常用作名词,意为“标记,记号”,用作动词意为“做记号,批改;
给…评分”,此处用于引申意义“标明,标志”。
实战演练(三)
1.backn背部,后背→v资助,支持;
(使)后退;
使倒退
①Theofficewasfullofcomputers,andwehadtositbacktobackinlongrows.
②Hewouldhavelosthispositionifyouhadn'
tbackedhimup.
③PleasecouldyoubackyourcarupafewfeetsothatIcangetmineoutofthedriveway?
2.rankn职位;
官阶;
军衔→v把…分等级;
确定…的地位(或等级)
①Shewasnotusedtomixingwithpeopleofhighsocialrank.
②Sincethe1930s,cancerhasalwaysbeenrankedasthediseasepeoplearemostconcernedabout.
3.plotn阴谋,情节→v.计划;
制订
①Theplotwasdiscoveredbeforeitwascarriedout.
②We'
veplottedourprojectedcostsforthecomingyear,andtheyshowabigincrease.
4.harvestn收获,收成→v.收集,采集(细胞或器官以供医用)
①Withtheharvestfinished,Iwasabletorelaxwithaneasymind/conscience.
②Thedonororganisharvestedattheaccidentsceneandrushedtoahospital.
5.sensen感觉;
知觉→v.意识到;
感觉到
①Withherexcellentsenseofsmell,shecouldtellifyouwereasmokerfromtheothersideoftheroom.
②Althoughshesaidnothing,Icouldsenseheranger.
6.rulen规章;
条例→v.统治,控制
①Beforeyoustartyourownbusinessyoushouldbefamiliarwiththegovernment'
srulesandregulations.
②Mostmodernkingsandqueensruletheircountriesonlyinaformalway,withoutrealpower.
7.tensen时态→v(使肌肉)拉紧,绷紧
①"
Ising"
isinthepresenttenseand"
Isang"
isinthepasttense.
②Arunnerexercisesbeforearacetopreventhismusclesfromtensingup.
8.discountn减价,打折→v打折;
忽视,忽略,不理会
①Theyofferatenpercentdiscountontravelforstudents.
②Sincethetruthofthisreportisdiscounted,Icannotpublishit.
③Youshouldn'
tdiscountthepossibilitythatthehousepriceswillfallwhenbuyinghouses.
语言能力素养练-----名词动化(四)
Witheachday,increasethedistancebyahalfmile.Aftertwoweeks,starttimingyourself.(2015全国卷)
Time常用作名词,意为“时间”,此处转化为动词,表示“计时”。
实战演练(四)
1.storen贮存,保存→v贮藏,贮存,保存
①There'
sashockinstoreforhimwhenhegetshometonight!
②Althoughdamscanbebuilttostorewaterforagriculturaluseindryareasanddryseasons.
2.brandn品牌→v把...烙印于;
把...铭刻
①Amongyoungpeople,thisbrandofdesignerclothingistheultimatestatussymbol.
②Thisfilmwassothrillingthatitwouldbebrandedonmymindforever.
3.shapen形状,形态→v塑造;
体现
①ThisT-shirthasbeenwashedsomanytimesthatit'
slostitsshape.
②Myrelationshipwithmyfatherplayedamajorpartinshapingmyattitudetowardsmen.
4.silencen宁静;
沉默→v使安静,使沉默;
压制
①Theirmother'
sangrywordsreducedthechildrentosilence.
②Themoretheytrytosilenceus,themorewewillspeakout.
5.fundn基金;
资金;
存款→v投资;
资助
①Followingtherepairstotheroof,churchfundsarenowseriouslytight.
②Theairportisbeingprivatelyfundedbyaconstructiongroup
6.amountn数量;
数额→v总计;
等同于
①Adangerousamountofradioactivitywasreleasedintotheenvironmentlastmonth.
②Althoughhespokeonlyforfiveminutes,whathesaidamountedtomuch.
7.restn休息→v躺;
倚;
靠
①Aftertheyhadcarriedthepianoupthestairs,theystoppedforarest.
②Dadwassleepingnexttoher,restinghisheadonhisarms.
8.reasonn原因;
理由;
解释→v推理,推断;
判断
①Thereasonforthedisasterwasenginefailure,nothumanerror.
②Ispenthoursreasoningoutthesolutiontothepuzzle.
语言能力素养练-----名词动化(五)
Adultsunderstandwhatitfeelsliketobefloodedwithobjects.Whydoweoftenassumethatmoreismorewhenitcomestokidsandtheirbelongings?
(2018全国III卷)
Flood常用作名词,意为“洪水”。
转化为动词,表示“使淹没;
使泛滥”,此处意为“挤满;
充斥”,其引申意义则表示“大量涌入;
蜂拥而至”,如:
Shedrewbackthecurtainsandthesunlightcamefloodingin.
实战演练(五)
1.airn气氛,氛围,神态,风度→播送:
晾干;
使通风
①Shehadanairofconfidenceaboutherbeforeshewentonthestage.
②Thetelevisioninterviewwillbeairedtoallpartsofthecountry.
③Leavethewindowsopentolettheroomairabit.
2.thundern雷鸣般的响声,轰隆声→v轰隆隆地响;
轰鸣
①Icouldn'
thearwhathewassayingoverthethunderofthewaterfall.
②Thetrainthunderedpast,shakingthewholehouse.
3.streamn小河,溪流→v流动;
流出
①Thestreamwasquiteshallowsowewereabletowalkacrossit.
②Onewomanwascarriedfromthesceneoftheaccidentwithbloodstreamingfromherhead.
4.stormn(愤怒的)迸发,爆发→v怒气冲冲地冲进/冲出
①Therewasastormofprotestwhenthenewtaxwasannounced.
②Hestormedoutofthehouse,slammingthedoorashewent.
5.showern淋浴→v如阵雨般落下
①Shecamedownstairsafterhershower,wrappedinatowel.
②Weheardamassiveexplosion,andsecondslaterpiecesofglasswereshoweringdownonus.
6.blanketn毛毯,毯子→v覆盖;
遮盖
①Hesawthecornerofamagazinestickingoutfromundertheblanket
②Withathickmistnowblanketingthetrees,Igotthoroughlylost.
7.sweatn汗,汗水→v流汗
①Bythetimewe'
dclimbedtothetopofthehill,wewerecoveredinsweat.
②ItwassohotwhenwearrivedinTripolithatwestartedtosweatassoonaswegotofftheplane.
8.weedn杂草;
野草→v除草;
为…除杂草
Thefarmerhasbeenweedinginthevegetablegardenthewholemorning.
语言能力素养练-----名词动化(六)
Thecollegeyearsarebecominganextendedperiodofadolescence,duringwhichmanyoftoday’sstudentsarenotshoulderedwithadultresponsibilities.(2016北京卷改编)
大学时代正在成为一个青春期的延长期,在这期间,当今的许多学生没有承担成人的责任。
Shoulder用作名词,意为“肩膀”,转化为动词,表示“用肩膀扛……”,此处用于引申意义“承受谴责/承受重负/承担职责/承担费用(等等)”。
实战演练(六)
1.headn.头→v前往;
率领
①WewereheadingtowardsKumasiwhenourtruckbrokedown.
②Johnwaschosentoheadtheteaminvestigatingthecase.
2.facen.脸→v.正视,面临
①Wehavetofacefactshere-wesimplydon'
thaveenoughmoney.
②Shewasfacedwithanewjob,inunfamiliarsurroundingswithstrangepeople.
3.legn.腿;
阶段→v.跑开,躲开
①ThelastlegoftheracewasParistoLondon.
②Theyleggeditroundthecornerwhentheysawthepolicecoming.
4.eyen.眼睛→v注视;
审视;
细看
Icouldseethattheywereallverynervous,eyeingmeupanddowndistrustfully.
5.armn.武器→v提供,配备;
武装
①Theyarewillingtotakeuparmsagainstthegovernmentiftheyhaveto.
②Shearmedherselffortheinterviewbyfindingoutallshecouldaboutthecompanyinadvance.
6.coll