甘肃省定西市通渭县届高三上学期期末考试英语试题 Word版含答案Word下载.docx

甘肃省定西市通渭县届高三上学期期末考试英语试题 Word版含答案Word下载.docx

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Thisbriefbookisaimedathighschoolstudents,butspeakstoanyonelearningatanystageoflife.

Itsformal,seriousstylecloselymatchesitscontent,aschool-masterlybookonschooling.Theauthor,W.H.Armstrong,startswiththebasics:

readingandwriting.Inhisopinion,readingdoesn’tjustmeanrecognizingeachwordonthepage;

itmeanstakingintheinformation,digestingitandincorporatingitintooneselfjustasonedigestsasandwichandmakesitapartofhim.Thegoalistobringtheinformationbacktolife,notjusttotreatitasdeadfactsonpaperfromdeadtrees.Readingandwritingcannotbecompletelyseparatedfromeachother;

infact,theaimofreadingistoexpresstheinformationyouhavegotfromthetext.I’veseenitagainandagain：

Someonewhocan’texpressanideaafterreadingatextisjustasineffectiveassomeonewhohasn’treaditatall.

Onlyathirdofthebookremainsafterthatdiscussion,whichArmstrongdevotestospecifictipsforstudyinglanguages,math,scienceandhistory.Hegenerallyhandlesthesetopicsthoroughlyandequally,exceptforsomeweaknessinthescienceandmathsectionsandabittoomuchpassion）regardinghistorytohisstudents,thatwasahundredtimesmorethanmyhistoryteachersevergotacross.Tomydisappointment,inthispartofthebookheignoresthearts.Asamatteroffact,theydemandalltheconcentrationandstudythatmathandsciencedo,thoughthestudydiffersslightlyinkind.Althoughit’scommonlybelievedthattheartscanonlybenaturallyacquired,actually,learningtheartsisnomorenaturalthanlearningFrenchormathematics.

Myothercommentisthatthetextaged.Thefirsteditionapparentlydatestothe1960s—noneofthereferences（参考文献）seemnewerthanthelate1950s.Asaresult,thediscussionmissestheentirecomputerage.

Thesearesmallpoints,though,anddon’taffectthemaindiscussion.Irecommendittoanystudentandanyteacher,includingtheself-taughtstudent.

1.AccordingtoArmstrong,thegoalofreadingisto________.

A.gainknowledgeandexpandone’sview

B.understandthemeaningbetweenthelines

C.expressideasbasedonwhatonehasread

D.getsinformationandkeepsitaliveinmemory

2.Theauthorofthepassageinsiststhatlearningthearts_________.

A.requiresgreateffortsB.demandsrealpassion

C.islessnaturalthanlearningmathsD.isasnaturalaslearningalanguage

3.WhatisashortcomingofArmstrong’sworkaccordingtotheauthor?

A.Someideasareslightlycontradictory.

B.Thereistoomuchdiscussiononstudyingscience.

C.Thestyleistooserious.

D.Itlacksnewinformation.

4.Thispassagecanbeclassifiedas________.

A.anadvertisementB.abookreview

C.afeaturestoryD.anewsreport

5.Whichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribetheauthor’sattitudetowardsthebook________

A.positiveB.neutralC.negativeD.objective

B

CityCollegeUnionIncSecretary/Typist

TheUnionisastudent-runorganizationwithapermanentstaffof20.Typingspeed:

atleast60wpm.

Theabilitytotakeshorthanddictationandaworkingknowledgeoffillingproceduresareessentialrequirements.

Thebasicsalaryforthepositionis$18,500peryear.

EnquirestoR.Barbar387-5075.

EmuAirlineSecretary

EmuAirlineisnowofferingapart-timepositionforasecretary.

Thepositionoffersatleast20hours’workaweek,withaviewtofull-timeworkinthefuture.Monthlysalaryisabout$1,400.

Phone899-3264foranappointment.

WordProcessorOperator（full-time）

Weneedanoperatortoworkinanofficeassociatedwiththebuildingindustry.Onlyexperiencedoperatorsareexpectedtoapply.

Startingsalary:

$17,950yearly.

Applyinwritingto:

ThePersonnelOfficerHillMorganPtyLtd38GreenHillRd.Kensington2033.

SewingMachinistWantedJeansIndustry

Weareanexpandingclothingcompanylocatedsouthofthecity.Ourproductsincludejeans,skirts,shortsandsoon.Wearelookingforsewingmachineoperators.

Thefactoryworksa38-hourweekover4-5days.Wagesforthisare$18,050peryear.Wagesandconditionsareinlinewiththecurrentindustrialaward.

Ifyouareinterested,comeoverandpickupanapplicationformfromRipperJeans,23NorthAve,Beaudesert.

6.Whatdothesefouradvertisementshaveincommon?

A.Theircompaniesareintroducedindetail.

B.Theyallwantpeopleintheproperposition.

C.Eachofthemiscommentedbytheirmanager.

D.Theyarelocatedinthesouthofthesamecity.

7.TheapplicantsforthepostofasecretaryinCityCollegeUnionIncshouldhavethefollowingqualitiesexcept　　. 

A.abilityoforganizationB.knowledgeaboutfillingtheform

C.typingskillD.writingrapidly

8.TheattractivenessofthepostinEmuAirlineis　　. 

A.itspromisingfutureB.itsfreeflying

C.itsgoodsalaryD.itsniceworkingconditions

9.Ifyouwanttobeasewingmachineoperator,youmaycontactthiscompanyby　　. 

A.EmailB.faxC.phoneD.visit

C

Envyseemstobebad,butitdoesn'

thavetobe.Researchersarefindingthat,ifapproachedtherightway,therecanactuallybeanadvantage.

Psychologistsclassifyenvyintwoways:

negativeandpositive.Withpositiveenvy,youaremotivatedbyanotherperson'

ssuccessandstruggletofollowit.Withnegativeenvy,youwanttocuttheadvantagedpersondownsoyoulookbetterbycomparison.Let'

ssayyoufeelsufferingsofenvyafteryourrival（对手）atanotherfirmgetspromoted.Negativeenvymightdriveyoutodestroyhissuccess,butpositiveenvywouldinspireyoutoworkharderandgetpromoted,too.

Studiesshowpositiveenvycanbeagreatmotivator（动力）.Ina2011studypublishedinthePersonalityandSocialPsychologyBulletin,researchersintheNetherlandsconductedaseriesofexperimentswithmorethan200universitystudents.Researchersfoundthatwhentheycausedfeelingsofpositiveenvy----asopposedtoadmirationornegativeenvy----inthestudents,itdrovethemtowanttostudymoreandperformbetteronatestmeasuringcreativityandintelligence.Whileadmirationmayfeelbetter,theresearchersfound,itdoesn'

tmotivateperformancelikethepainandfrustrationofenvy.

“Thosepainfulsufferingsofenvyarethereforanevolutionary（进化的）reason,”saysTexasChristianUniversityresearcherSarahE.Hill,“warningusthatsomeonehassomethingofimportancetous.”Buildingonthistheory,Dr.Hillandothersconductedaseriesofexperiments,publishedintheJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology,totestwhetherenvyimprovesattentionandmemory----thetoolsneededtocopyarival'

sstepstosuccess.Inoneexperiment,halfoftheparticipantswereaskedtorecallpastfeelingsofenvy;

theotherhalfweren'

t.Thetwogroupswerethenshownmock（模拟的）interviewsofimaginarypeers.Thegroupfilledwithenvypaidcloserattentionandbetterrecalleddetailsabouttheinterviewsubjects.Inotherwords,envymadethemmoreastute（机敏的）.Notonlycanenvymotivateustoreachforhighergoals,itmayevengiveusthecognitivepushtogetthere.

10.What’sthebadeffectofnegativeenvy?

A.Itmakesyouloseheartandgetsdiscouraged.

B.Ithasyoufeelmotivated.

C.Itmakesyouharmorhurtothersonpurpose.

D.Itremindsyoutostruggletofollowyourdreams.

11.What’sthebenefitofpositiveenvy?

A.Itinspiresyoutofindapossiblerivaltotrytodefeatthem.

B.Itencouragesyoutoworkharderwithapositiveattitude.

C.Itwon’thurtyouropponentsinthesamefirm.

D.Itwon’tdestroyyoursuccessatanotherfirm.

12.Comparedtoadmiration,positiveenvycan__________.

A.makeyoufeelworseinallsides

B.bemorelikelytogetyoutoadmireothers

C.makeyoufeelthepaininyourperformance

D.bemorelikelytogetyouinspiredtogetsuccess

13.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Envyseemstobebad.B.Keepyourenvyinsecret.

C.Makefulluseofpositiveenvy.D.Forgetaboutyourenvynow.

D

Tulou,thespecialresidentialarchitectureofFujianProvincewasincludedontheUNESCO’sWorldHeritageListduringthe32ndsessionoftheWorldHeritageCommitteeinQuebec,Canada.

Inthefourthcentury,HanChineselivingintheCentralPlainsareabegantomigratesouth,graduallygatheringinFujianandformingtheHakkacommunities.Asadefenceagainstenemies,theHakkaschosetoliveincompact（紧凑的）communities,andthetulouwastheirpreferredhouses.TensofthousandsofsuchearthenstructureswereconstructedinFujianProvince.

Mosttulousaretobefoundinthevalleys,surroundedbyhighmountains,andsomeareinthedepthsofthegreatmountains.Mostarethreetofourstorieshigh,andlooklikecircularblockhouses（堡垒）.Roomsonthefirstfloorareusedaskitchens,roomsonthesecondfloorareusedasbarns（谷仓）,androomsonthethirdandfourthfloorsareforbedroomsandlivingrooms.Fordefensivepurposes,theroomsonthefirstfloorhavenowindows.

Rawmaterialsforthetulouwereobtainedlocally.Theirmainbuildingmaterialwasamixtureofclay,sand,limeandwater,andeggwhites,brownsugarandricewaterwereaddedasadhesiveagents（粘合剂）.Itwasthenmixedtoformthewalls.Oncetheydried,thewallsweresohardthatdrivinganailintothemwouldhavebeendifficult.Firbranches,whichareextremelystronganddonotrot,wereusedtostrengthenthem,andmanycenturieslatertheyhaveremainedtheiroriginallook.

Tulousarelocatedinaregionwhereearthquakeshappenfrequently,andtheircircularconstructionhelpsthemres