新GRE ARGUMENT题库带编号Word格式.docx

新GRE ARGUMENT题库带编号Word格式.docx

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Writearesponseinwhichyoudiscusswhatspecificevidenceisneededtoevaluatetheargumentandexplainhowtheevidencewouldweakenorstrengthentheargument.

2、Thefollowingappearedaspartofalettertotheeditorofascientificjournal.

"

Arecentstudyofeighteenrhesusmonkeysprovidescluesastotheeffectsofbirthorderonanindividual'

slevelsofstimulation.Thestudyshowedthatinstimulatingsituations（suchasanencounterwithanunfamiliarmonkey）,firstborninfantmonkeysproduceuptotwiceasmuchofthehormonecortisol,whichprimesthebodyforincreasedactivitylevels,asdotheiryoungersiblings.Firstbornhumansalsoproducerelativelyhighlevelsofcortisolinstimulatingsituations（suchasthereturnofaparentafteranabsence）.Thestudyalsofoundthatduringpregnancy,first-timemothermonkeyshadhigherlevelsofcortisolthandidthosewhohadhadseveraloffspring."

Writearesponseinwhichyoudiscussoneormorealternativeexplanationsthatcouldrivaltheproposedexplanationandexplainhowyourexplanation（s）canplausiblyaccountforthefactspresentedintheargument.

3、ThefollowingappearedasalettertotheeditorfromaCentralPlazastoreowner.

Overthepasttwoyears,thenumberofshoppersinCentralPlazahasbeensteadilydecreasingwhilethepopularityofskateboardinghasincreaseddramatically.ManyCentralPlazastoreownersbelievethatthedecreaseintheirbusinessisduetothenumberofskateboardusersintheplaza.Therehasalsobeenadramaticincreaseintheamountoflitterandvandalismthroughouttheplaza.Thus,werecommendthatthecityprohibitskateboardinginCentralPlaza.Ifskateboardingisprohibitedhere,wepredictthatbusinessinCentralPlazawillreturntoitspreviouslyhighlevels."

Writearesponseinwhichyoudiscusswhatquestionswouldneedtobeansweredinordertodecidewhethertherecommendationislikelytohavethepredictedresult.Besuretoexplainhowtheanswerstothesequestionswouldhelptoevaluatetherecommendation.

4、Thefollowingappearedinaletterfromahomeownertoafriend.

Ofthetwoleadingrealestatefirmsinourtown—AdamsRealtyandFitchRealty—AdamsRealtyisclearlysuperior.Adamshas40realestateagents;

incontrast,Fitchhas25,manyofwhomworkonlypart-time.Moreover,Adams'

revenuelastyearwastwiceashighasthatofFitchandincludedhomesalesthataveraged$168,000,comparedtoFitch'

s$144,000.HomeslistedwithAdamssellfasteraswell:

tenyearsagoIlistedmyhomewithFitch,andittookmorethanfourmonthstosell;

lastyear,whenIsoldanotherhome,IlisteditwithAdams,andittookonlyonemonth.Thus,ifyouwanttosellyourhomequicklyandatagoodprice,youshoulduseAdamsRealty."

Writearesponseinwhichyouexaminethestatedand/orunstatedassumptionsoftheargument.Besuretoexplainhowtheargumentdependsontheseassumptionsandwhattheimplicationsarefortheargumentiftheassumptionsproveunwarranted.

5、ThefollowingappearedinalettertotheeditoroftheBalmerIslandGazette.

OnBalmerIsland,wheremopedsserveasapopularformoftransportation,thepopulationincreasesto100,000duringthesummermonths.Toreducethenumberofaccidentsinvolvingmopedsandpedestrians,thetowncouncilofBalmerIslandshouldlimitthenumberofmopedsrentedbytheisland'

smopedrentalcompaniesfrom50perdayto25perdayduringthesummerseason.Bylimitingthenumberofrentals,thetowncouncilwillattainthe50percentannualreductioninmopedaccidentsthatwasachievedlastyearontheneighboringislandofSeaville,whenSeaville'

stowncouncilenforcedsimilarlimitsonmopedrentals."

6、ArcticdeerliveonislandsinCanada'

sarcticregions.Theysearchforfoodbymovingovericefromislandtoislandduringthecourseoftheyear.Theirhabitatislimitedtoareaswarmenoughtosustaintheplantsonwhichtheyfeedandcoldenough,atleastsomeoftheyear,fortheicetocovertheseaseparatingtheislands,allowingthedeertotraveloverit.Unfortunately,accordingtoreportsfromlocalhunters,thedeerpopulationsaredeclining.Sincethesereportscoincidewithrecentglobalwarmingtrendsthathavecausedtheseaicetomelt,wecanconcludethatthepurporteddeclineindeerpopulationsistheresultofthedeer'

sbeingunabletofollowtheirage-oldmigrationpatternsacrossthefrozensea.

7、ThefollowingisarecommendationfromtheBoardofDirectorsofMonarchBooks.

WerecommendthatMonarchBooksopenacafé

initsstore.Monarch,havingbeeninbusinessatthesamelocationformorethantwentyyears,hasalargecustomerbasebecauseitisknownforitswideselectionofbooksonallsubjects.Clearly,openingthecafé

wouldattractmorecustomers.Spacecouldbemadeforthecafé

bydiscontinuingthechildren'

sbooksection,whichwillprobablybecomelesspopulargiventhatthemostrecentnationalcensusindicatedasignificantdeclineinthepercentageofthepopulationunderageten.Openingacafé

willallowMonarchtoattractmorecustomersandbettercompetewithRegalBooks,whichrecentlyopeneditsowncafé

."

8、ThefollowingappearedinamemofromthedirectorofstudenthousingatBuckinghamCollege.

Toservethehousingneedsofourstudents,BuckinghamCollegeshouldbuildanumberofnewdormitories.Buckingham'

senrollmentisgrowingand,basedoncurrenttrends,willdoubleoverthenext50years,thusmakingexistingdormitoryspaceinadequate.Moreover,theaveragerentforanapartmentinourtownhasriseninrecentyears.Consequently,studentswillfinditincreasinglydifficulttoaffordoff-campushousing.Finally,attractivenewdormitorieswouldmakeprospectivestudentsmorelikelytoenrollatBuckingham."

9、Nature'

sWay,achainofstoressellinghealthfoodandotherhealth-relatedproducts,isopeningitsnextfranchiseinthetownofPlainsville.Thestoreshouldprovetobeverysuccessful:

Nature'

sWayfranchisestendtobemostprofitableinareaswhereresidentsleadhealthylives,andclearlyPlainsvilleissuchanarea.Plainsvillemerchantsreportthatsalesofrunningshoesandexerciseclothingareatall-timehighs.Thelocalhealthclubhasmoremembersthanever,andtheweighttrainingandaerobicsclassesarealwaysfull.Finally,Plainsville'

sschoolchildrenrepresentanewgenerationofpotentialcustomers:

theseschoolchildrenarerequiredtoparticipateinafitness-for-lifeprogram,whichemphasizesthebenefitsofregularexerciseatanearlyage.

10、Twentyyearsago,Dr.Field,anotedanthropologist,visitedtheislandofTertia.Usinganobservation-centeredapproachtostudyingTertianculture,heconcludedfromhisobservationsthatchildreninTertiawererearedbyanentirevillageratherthanbytheirownbiologicalparents.Recentlyanotheranthropologist,Dr.Karp,visitedthegroupofislandsthatincludesTertiaandusedtheinterview-centeredmethodtostudychild-rearingpractices.IntheinterviewsthatDr.Karpconductedwithchildrenlivinginthisgroupofislands,thechildrenspentmuchmoretimetalkingabouttheirbiologicalparentsthanaboutotheradultsinthevillage.Dr.KarpdecidedthatDr.Field'

sconclusionaboutTertianvillageculturemustbeinvalid.SomeanthropologistsrecommendthattoobtainaccurateinformationonTertianchild-rearingpractices,futureresearchonthesubjectshouldbeconductedviatheinterview-centeredmethod.

Writearesponseinwhichyoudiscusswhatquestionswouldneedtobeansweredinordertodecidewhethertherecommendationandtheargumentonwhichitisbasedarereasonable.Besuretoexplainhowtheanswerstothesequestionswouldhelptoevaluatetherecommendation.

11、ThecouncilofMapleCounty,concernedaboutthecounty'

sbecomingoverdeveloped,isdebatingaproposedmeasurethatwouldpreventthedevelopmentofexistingfarmlandinthecounty.Butthecouncilisalsoconcernedthatsucharestriction,bylimitingthesupplyofnewhousing,couldleadtosignificantincreasesinthepriceofhousinginthecounty.Proponentsofthemeasure