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妻在屋里拍着闰儿,迷迷糊糊地哼着眠歌。
我悄悄地披了大衫,带上门出去。
Acinder-pathwindsalongbythesideofthepool.Itisoffthebeatentrackandfewpassthiswayevenbyday,soatnightitisstillmorequiet.Treesgrowthickandboskyallaroundthepool,withwillowsandothertreesIcannotnamebythepath.Onnightswhenthereisnomoonthetrackisalmostterrifyinglydark,buttonightitwasquiteclear,thoughthemoonlightwaspale.
沿着荷塘,是一条曲折的小煤屑路。
这是一条幽僻的路;
白天也少人走,夜晚更加寂寞。
荷塘四面,长着许多树,菊赞郁郁的。
路的一旁,是些杨柳,和一些不知道名字的树。
没有月光的晚上,这路上阴森森的,有些怕人。
今晚却很好,虽然月光也还是淡淡的。
Strollingalonedownthepath,handsbehindmyback,IfeltasifthewholeearthandskyweremineandIhadsteppedoutsidemyusualselfintoanotherworld.Ilikebothexcitementandstillness,underthefullmoon,IcouldthinkofwhateverIpleasedorofnothingatall,andthatgavemeasenseoffreedom.Alldaytimedutiescouldbedisregarded.Thatwastheadvantageofsolitude:
Icouldsavourtothefullthatexpanseoffragrantlotusandthemoonlight.
路上只我一个人,背着手踱着。
这一片天地好像是我的;
我也像超出了平常的自己,到了另一世界里。
我爱热闹,也爱冷静;
爱群居,也爱独处。
像今晚上,一个人在这苍茫的月下,什么都可以想,什么都可以不想,便觉是个自由的人。
白天里一定要做的事,一定要说的话,现在都可不理。
这是独处的妙处,我且受用这无边的荷香月色好了。
Asfarastheeyecouldsee,thepoolwithitswindingmarginwascoveredwithtrimleaves,whichrosehighoutofthewaterliketheflaredskirtsofdancinggirls.Andstarringthesetiersofleaveswerewhitelotusflowers,alluringlyopenorbashfullyinbud,likeglimmeringpearls,starsinanazuresky,orbeautiesfreshfromthebath.Thebreezecarriedpastgustsoffragrance,likethestrainsofasongfaintlyheardfromafar-offtower.Andleavesandblossomstrembledslightly,whileinaflashthescentwascarriedaway.Asthecloselyserriedleavesbent,atideofopaqueemeraldcouldbeglimpsed.Thatwasthesoftlyrunningwaterbeneath,hiddenfromsight,itscolourinvisible,thoughtheleaveslookedmoregracefulthanever.
曲曲折折的荷塘上面,弥望的是田田的叶子。
叶子出水很高,像亭亭的舞女的裙。
层层的叶子中间,零星地点缀着些白花,有袅娜地开着的,有羞涩地打着朵儿的;
正如一粒粒的明珠,又如碧天里的星星,又如刚出浴的美人。
微风过处,送来缕缕清香,仿佛远处高楼上渺茫的歌声似的。
这时候叶子与花也有一丝的颤动,像闪电般,霎时传过荷塘的那边去了。
叶子本是肩并肩密密地挨着,这便宛然有了一道凝碧的波痕。
叶子底下是脉脉的流水,遮住了,不能见一些颜色;
而叶子却更见风致了。
Moonlightcascadedlikewateroverthelotusleavesandflowers,andalightbluemistfloatingupfromthepoolmadethemseemwashedinmilkorcaughtinagauzydream.Thoughthemoonwasfull,afilmofpalecloudsintheskywouldnotallowitsraystoshinethroughbrightly;
butIfeltthiswasalltothegood—thoughrefreshingsleepisindispensable,shortnapshaveacharmalltheirown.Asthemoonshonefrombehindthem,thedensetreesonthehillsthrewcheckeredshadows,darkformsloomedlikedevils,andthesparse,gracefulshadowsofwillowsseemedpaintedonthelotusleaves.Themoonlightonthepoolwasnotuniform,butlightandshadowmadeupaharmoniousrhythmlikeabeautifultuneplayedonaviolin.
月光如流水一般,静静地泻在这一片叶子和花上。
薄薄的青雾浮起在荷塘里。
叶子和花仿佛在牛乳中洗过一样;
又像笼着轻纱的梦。
虽然是满月,天上却有一层淡淡的云,所以不能朗照;
但我以为这恰是到了好处—酣眠固不可少,小睡也别有风味的。
月光是隔了树照过来的,高处丛生的灌木,落下参差的斑驳的黑影,峭楞楞如鬼一般;
弯弯的杨柳的稀疏的倩影,却又像是画在荷叶上。
塘中的月色并不均匀;
但光与影有着和谐的旋律,如梵婀玲上奏着的名曲。
Farandnear,highandlowaroundthepoolweretrees,mostofthemwillows.Thesetreeshadthepoolentirelyhemmedin,theonlysmallclearingsleftbeingthosebythepath,apparentlyintendedforthemoon.Allthetreesweresomberasdensesmoke,butamongthemyoucouldmakeouttheluxuriantwillows,whilefaintlyabovethetree-topsloomeddistanthills-theirgeneraloutlineonly.Andbetweenthetreesappearedoneortwostreetlamps,listlessastheeyesofsomeonedrowsy.Theliveliestsoundsatthishourwerethecicadaschirrupingonthetreesandthefrogscroakinginthepool;
butthisanimationwastheirsalone,Ihadnopartinit.
荷塘的四面,远远近近,高高低低都是树,而杨柳最多。
这些树将一片荷塘重重围住;
只在小路一旁,漏着几段空隙,像是特为月光留下的。
树色一例是阴阴的,乍看像一团烟雾;
但杨柳的风姿,便在烟雾里也辨得出。
树梢上隐隐约约的是一带远山,只有些大意罢了。
树缝里也漏着一两点路灯光,没精打采的,是渴睡人的眼。
这时候最热闹的,要数树上的蝉声与水里的蛙声;
但热闹是它们的,我什么也没有。
Thenlotus-gatheringflashedintomymind.ThiswasanoldcustomsouthoftheYangtse,whichapparentlyoriginatedveryearlyandwasmostpopularintheperiodoftheSixKingdoms,asweseefromthesongsofthetime.Thelotuswerepickedbygirlsinsmallboats,whosanghauntingsongsastheypadded.Theyturnedoutinforce,wemaybesure,andtherewerespectatorstoo,forthatwasacheerfulfestivalandaromanticone.WehaveagoodaccountofitinapoembyEmperorYuanoftheLiangdynastycalledLotusGatherers:
忽然想起采莲的事情来了。
采莲是江南的旧俗,似乎很早就有,而六朝时为盛;
从诗歌里可以约略知道。
采莲的是少年的女子,她们是荡着小船,唱着艳歌去的。
采莲人不用说很多,还有看采莲的人。
那是一个热闹的季节,也是一个风流的季节。
梁元帝《采莲赋》里说得好:
Deftboysandprettygirls
reachanunderstandingwhileboating;
Theirprowsveerslowly,
butthewinecupspassquickly;
Theiroarsareentangled,
astheycutthroughtheduckweed,
andgirlswithslenderwaists
turntogazebehindthem.
Nowspringandsummermeet,
leavesaretender,flowersfresh;
withsmilestheyprotecttheirsilks,
drawingintheirskirts,afraidlesttheboatupset.
于是妖童媛女,
荡舟心许;
鹅首徐回,
兼传羽杯;
摧将移而藻挂,
船欲动而萍开。
尔其纤腰束素,
迁延顾步;
夏始春余,
叶嫩花初,
恐沾裳而浅笑,
畏倾船而敛据。
Therewehaveapictureofthesemerryexcursions.Thismusthavebeenadelightfulevent,anditisagreatpitywecannotenjoyittoday.
可见当时嬉游的光景了。
这真是有趣的事,可惜我们现在早已无福消受了。
IalsoremembersomelinesfromthepoemWestlslet:
于是又记起《西洲曲》里的句子:
WhentheygatherlotusatNantanginautumn
thelotusbloomsarehigherthantheirheads;
Theystooptopicklotusseeds,
seedsastranslucentaswater.
采莲南塘秋,莲花过人头;
低头弄莲子,莲子清如水。
Ifanygirlswereherenowtopickthelotus,theflowerswouldreachabovetheirheadstoo-ah,ripplingshadowsalonearenotenough!
Iwasfeelingquitehomesickforthesouth,whenIsuddenlylookeduptodiscoverIhadreachedmyowndoor.Pushingitsoftlyopenandtiptoeingin,Ifoundallquietinside,andmywifefastasleep.
今晚若有采莲人,这儿的莲花也算得“过人头”了;
只不见一些流水的影子,是不行的。
这令我到底惦着江南了。
—这样想着,猛一抬头,不觉已是自己的门前;
轻轻地推门进去,什么声息也没有,妻已睡熟好久了。
老北京胡同Hutong
Accordingtoexperts,thewordHutongoriginatedfromMongolianlanguagemeaning“Well"
.Inancienttimes,peopletendedtogatherandlivearoundwells.SotheoriginalmeaningofHutongshouldbe"
aplacewherepeoplegatherandlive."
AnotherexplanationsaysthatduringtheYuanDynasty,about13thcentury,residentialareasinthecityweredividedintomanydivisions.Betweenthesmallerdivisionswerepassagewaysforpeopletotravelthrough.Andthosepassagewaysalsofunctionedasisolationbeltsagainstfirerisks.InMongolianlanguage,passagewaysofthiskindwerecalledHutong.ButnomatterwhatHutongexactlymeans,onethingisforsure,thatis,HutongfirstappearedinBeijingduringtheYuanDynasty.Intheearly13thcentury,aMongoliantribefromthenorthbecameverystrong.LedbyGenghisKhan,theMongolianoccupiedBeijing,thecapitaloftheJinDynasty.Intheyear1271,KublaKhan,thegrandsonofGenghisKhan,oundedYuanDynastyandsetBeijingasthecapitalcityinthefollowingyear.Unfortunately,theoldcitywascompletelydestroyedduringthewar.Sotheyhadtorebuildit.InoldChina,allthestructuresandroadswererequiredtobesymmetrical.Sothecitywaswelldesigned.First,theyhadtofindacenter,andthenbuiltaregularsquarecity.Thelayoutofthecitywasverymuchlikeachessboard.About50residentialareaswereconstructed,withstraightroadsandHutongsinbetween.Atthetime,therewasacleardefinitionforavenue,streetandHutong.A37-metre-wideroadwascalledanavenue,an18-metre-wideonewascalledastreet,anda9-metre-widelanewascalledaHutong.Mostoftoday'
sHutongwereformedduringtheMingandQingDynastiesthatfollowed.NobodyknowsexactlyhowmanyHutongsthereareinnowadaysBeijing.Butonethingisforsure,ifweconnectedalltheHutongstogether,theirtotallengthwouldevenbelongerthanthefamousGreatwall,whichisabout4000mileslonger.Ortomakeitclear,itcouldbuildahighwayfromSeattletoBoston,allacrossAmerica!
TodayyoucanfindvariousHutongswithdifferentshapes,lengthsordirections.Theshortestoneisonly40centimeterswide,whichmeansapersonlikemehastowalksidewaystogetthrough.AndsomeHutongshavemorethan20turns.Withthegrowthofthepopulation,manyoldHutongshavedisappearedtomakewayforhigh-riseapartments.TodayI'
mveryhappytoshowyousomewell-preservedHutongs,andtoletyouexperiencethetypicalChineselife.
AswewalkthroughtheHutongs,youmayfindmostofthemlookalmostthesamewithgray-coloredwallsandbricks.Actuallyinsidethosewallsarethecourtyardhouses,wherepeoplelive.InChinesewecallthem"
siheyuan"
."
Si"
literallymeansfour,"
he"
meanstosurround,and"
yuan"
referstothecourtyard.Soarectangularwallenclosingfourhouses,onebuiltoneachsidefacingintothecenter,iscalledaSiheyuan.Whentheywerefirstbuilt,usuallyoneSiheyuanwasownedbyonlyonefamily,butnowadays,withthegrowthofthepopulation,mostSiheyuansaresharedby4to10families.
土耳其Turkey
Thoughnamedasa"
palace,"
theIshakPashapalaceismoreakulliye.ThepalaceisthemostfamousbuildingaftertheTopkapipalacebuiltinthe18thCentury,duringtheLaleperiod,intheclassicalstyle.Thebuildingislocatedontheslop