B11 Keeping Healthy保持健康Word下载.docx

B11 Keeping Healthy保持健康Word下载.docx

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7]

Answer：

1（a）Increases/getsfaster;

1（b）Heneedstogetmoreoxygenintotheblood;

Forquickerrespiration/somoreenergycanbereleasedbyrespiration;

1（c）Anytwofrom:

Inhaledaircontainsmoreoxygen;

Inhaledaircontainslesscarbondioxide;

Inhaledaircontainslessmoisture;

Inhaledairisusuallynotaswarm;

（Thismustbeacomparativestatement）

1（d）iAnaerobic;

1（d）iiInsufficientoxygenreachinghiscellstomeetenergydemands;

1.Roygoestobasketballtraining.Hefindsthatmanychangestakeplaceinsidehisbody.

（a）Roy’sbreathingrateincreasesduringthetrainingsession.Explainwhy.

........................................................................................................................................[2]

（b）Royisalsobreathingmoredeeply.Completethesesentences.

WhenRoybreathesinthevolumeofhislungs.......................

Thismeansthattheairpressureinthelungs........................sothatairrushesintothelungs.[2]

（c）InRoy’smusclecells,glucoseisconvertedintolacticacid,releasingasmallamountofenergy.

（i）Whyisonlyasmallamountofenergyreleased?

.....................................................................................................[1]

（ii）DescribewhathappenstothelacticacidwhenRoystopsexercisinghard.

...............................................................................................................................[2][Total:

Answer:

1（a）Heneedstogetmoreoxygenintotheblood;

Forquickerrespiration/somoreenergycanbereleasedbyrespiration;

1（b）Increases/getslarger;

Decreases/drops;

1（c）iBecauseheisrespiringanaerobically;

1（c）iiAnytwofrom:

Carriedawayinblood;

Totheliver;

Tobebrokendownwhenoxygenavailable;

2Nickiskeenonexercising.Heisusinganexercisecycle.

（a）（i）WhenNickcycles,hismusclesuseoxygenforrespiration.Finishthewordequationforthistypeofrespiration.

oxygen+……………→carbondioxide+……………………+energy[2]

（ii）WhenNickcyclesfaster,hefindsthathismusclesstarttohurt.Nickknowsthatthepainiscausedbylacticacid.

WhyislacticacidproducedinNick’smuscleswhenhecyclesfast?

.....................................................................................................................................[1]

（b）Nicklooksinabookaboutexercise.Thebookhasagraph.Itshowsthelacticacidlevelsinthreedifferentcyclistswhentheycycleatdifferentspeeds.

Putatick（√）nexttotheonlyconclusionthatcannotbemadefromthegraph.

（c）Afterexercise,lacticacidistransportedtoanorganinthebodyforbreakdown.

Writedownthenameofthisorgan.................................................................................[1][Total:

5]

7Kateusesaspirometertoinvestigateherlungcapacity.Shebreathesnormallyfor30seconds.Shethenbreathesinandoutasdeeplyasshecan.Thegraphshowsherresults.

（a）WhatisKate’svitalcapacity?

.................................................litres.[1]

（b）Kate’sresidualairvolumeis1.0litre.

Whatisresidualair?

......................................................................................................................................[1]

（c）WhenKatebreathesinandoutthevolumeandpressureinsideherlungschange.Howdotheychangewhenshestartstobreathein?

Putatick（√）inthecorrectbox.

[1]

（d）Ifshewantsto,Katecancontrolherbreathingrate.However,usuallyitiscontrolledautomatically.

Forexample,ifsheexercises,herbreathingrateautomaticallyincreases.Whatcausesthisautomaticincrease?

Putatick（√）inthecorrectbox.

[1][Total:

4]

4.Jane'

sheartrateisnormally73beatsperminute.Janedidanexperimenttoseehowexerciseaffectedherheartrate.

ThetableshowsJane'

sheartrateatdifferenttimes.

（a）Afterexerciseherheartratehadincreased.UseJane’sresultstocompletethefollowingsentences.

Jane’shighestheartrateduringtheexperimentwas..............................beatsperminute.

Thiswasanincreaseof...............................................comparedtohernormalheartrate.[2]

（b）ExplainwhyJane'

sheartrateincreasesduringexercise.Usethefollowingwordsinyouranswer.

carbondioxidemusclesoxygenrespiration

Onemarkisforaclearorderedanswer.

............................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................[3+1]

（c）Jane'

sheartratereturnstonormal.Howmanyminutesdoesthistake?

........................................................................................................................................[1]

（d）Jane'

sfriendSuehasarestingheartrateof71.SheisworriedthatitisdifferenttoJane'

sheartrate.

ShouldSueworryaboutthisdifference?

........................................................................................................................................[2][Total:

9]

4（a）115;

42;

4（b）Threefrom:

Jane’smusclesworkingharder;

Morerespiration;

Needtosupplymoreoxygen;

Removemorecarbondioxide;

Onemarkforaclearorderedanswer.

4（c）12minutes;

4（d）Verylittledifference/probablynotsignificant;

Peoplesheartratesshowvariation;

7Stevehasbeenvaccinatedthreetimesagainstpolio.Twoofthevaccinationswereboosters.ThegraphshowswhateffectthevaccinationshaveontheamountofantibodiesinSteve’sblood.

（a）Atwhatage（inyears）wasStevemostlikelytogetpolio?

answer_________________[1]

（b）Atwhatage（inyears）didStevehavehisfirstvaccination?

（c）Atwhatages（inyears）didStevehaveboostervaccinations?

Putaringaroundthecorrectanswer.

2and60and44and153and6[1]

（d）ThescientistLouisPasteurdevelopedavaccineagainstrabies.Itwasinjectedintopeopleaftertheyhadbeenbitten

Byadogcarryingtherabiesvirus.Thevaccinewasnotcompletelysuccessfulinsavinglives.Whichstatementexplainswhy?

Putatick（√）intheboxnexttotheBESTstatement.

（e）Thegovernmenthasameasles,mumpsandrubella（MMR）vaccinationpolicy.ItwantsallchildrentobevaccinatedwiththeMMRvaccine.Differentpeoplehavedifferentviewsaboutthispolicy.

（i）Whichpersonissummarisingtwodifferentviews?

answer_______________[1]

（ii）Whichpersonisdescribinganactionwhichishardtojustify?

answer________________[1][Total:

6]

5.Is“Birdflu”comingourway?

Howseriousisthethreat?

（a）Fluusuallyproducessimilareffectsonmostpeople.

（i）Putaringaroundoneoftheseeffects.

blindnessfeverweakbones[1]

（ii）Thefollowingfourstepshappenifapersoncatchesbirdflu.

Writetheletterstoshowthecorrectorderinwhichthestepshappen.Thefirstonehasbeendoneforyou.

[2]

（b）Thenumberofpeoplewhodiefromanydiseasedependsontwofactors.

•Thepercentageofpeoplewhoareinfected

•Thepercentageofthesepeoplewhodie,（thepercentagedeathrate）.

（i）In1918anewstrainoffluviruscausedanepidemicinBritain.Itinfectedabout45%ofthepopulation.

Thepercentagedeathratewas1%.Putaringaroundthenumberofpeoplewhodiedofthefluin1918.

Usethetableinthearticletohelpyou.

50000100000150000250000[1]

（ii）Thearticlesaysthat55peopleinAsiahavebeeninfectedbynormalbirdflu.Ofthesepeople,42havedied.

Workoutthepercentagedeathrate=..................................................................%[2]

（iii）Thepercentagedeathrateforpeoplewithnormalbirdfluisveryhigh.Despitethis,scientistsdonotthinkthatnormalbirdfluismuchofathreattopeople.Tick（√）oneboxnexttothereasonwhytheythinkthis.

（c）Thearticlesaysthatitispossibletomakeavaccineagainstnormalbirdflu.

（i）Putatick（√）intheboxnexttothebestdefinitionofavaccine.

（ii）Whenthevaccineismade,thevirusisgrownonhens’eggs.Whyareeggsfromhensused?

...............................................................................................................................[1]

（iii）Explainwhythevaccinetestedonanimalsbeforehumans.Onemarkisforcorrectspelling.