考试中心考研英语模拟试题分类汇编.docx

考试中心考研英语模拟试题分类汇编.docx

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考试中心考研英语模拟试题分类汇编

20XX年教育部考试中心考研英语模拟试题----阅读理解部分汇编

SectionⅡReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.（40points）

一、从鸡蛋中培养流感疫菌

Moderntechnologyhasputmenonthemoonanddecipheredthehumangenome.Butwhenitcomestobrewingupflutomakevaccines,sciencestillturnstotheincredibleedibleegg.Eversincethe1940s,vaccinemakershavegrownlargebatchesofvirusinsidechickeneggs.Butgiventhatsome36,000Americansdieofflueachyear,it’sremarkablethatourfirstlineofdefenseisstillwhatSecretaryofHealthandHumanServicesTommyThompsoncalls“thecumbersomeandarchaicegg-basedproduction.”Newcell-basedtechnologiesareinthepipeline,however,andmayfinallygetthesupporttheyneednowthattheUnitedStatesisfacedwithacriticalshortageoffluvaccine.Althoughexpertsdisagreeonwhethernewwaysofproducingvaccinecouldhavepreventedashortageliketheonehappeningtoday,thereisnodoubtthattheexistingsystemhasseriousflaws.

Eachyear,vaccinemanufacturersplaceadvanceordersformillionsofspeciallygrownchickeneggs.Meanwhile,public-healthofficialsmonitorcirculatingstrainsofflu,andeachMarchtheyrecommendthreestrains—twoinfluenzaAstrainsandoneBstrain—formanufacturerstoincludeinvaccines.Inthelatespringandsummer,automatedmachinesinjectvirusintoeggsandlatersuckouttheinfluenza-richgoop.Virusfromtheeggs’innardsgetskilledandprocessedtoremoveeggproteinsandothercontaminantsbeforebeingpackagedintovialsforfallshipment.

Whyhasthiseggmethodpersistedforsixdecades?

Themainreasonisthatit’sreliable.Buteventhoughtheeggsarereliable,theyhaveseriousdrawbacks.Oneisthelongleadtimeneededtoordertheeggs.Thatmeansit’shardtomakemorevaccineinahurry,incaseofashortageorunexpectedoutbreak.Andeggsmaysimplybetoocumbersometokeepupwiththehundredsofmillionsofdosesrequiredtohandlethedemandforfluvaccine.

What’smore,someflustrainsdon’tgrowwellineggs.Lastyear,scientistswereunabletoincludetheFujianstraininthevaccineformulation.Itwasarelativelynewstrain,andmanufacturerssimplycouldn’tfindaquickwaytoadaptitsothatitgrewwellineggs.“Weknewthestrainwasoutthere,”recallsTheodoreEickhoffoftheUniversityofColoradoHealthSciencesCenter,“butpublic-healthofficialswereleftwithoutavaccine—and,consequently,amoreseverefluseason.”

Worse,thevirusesthatposethegreatestthreatmightbehardesttogrowineggs.That’sbecauseglobalpandemicsliketheonethatkilledover50millionpeoplebetween1918and1920arethoughttooccurwhenabirdinfluenzachangesinawaythatletsitcrossthespeciesbarrierandinfecthumans.Sincehumanshaven’tencounteredthenewvirusbefore,theyhavelittleprotectiveimmunity.ThedeadlybirdflucirculatinginAsiain1997and1998,forexample,worriedpublic-healthofficialsbecauseitspreadtosomepeoplewhohandledbirdsandkilledthem—althoughthebugnevercirculatedamonghumans.Butwhenscientiststriedtomakevaccinetheold-fashionedway,thebirdfluquicklykilledtheeggs.

1.Themoon-landingismentionedinthefirstparagraphtoillustrate_____.

［A］technologycannotsolveallofourhumanproblems

［B］progressinvaccineresearchforinfluenzahaslaggedbehind

［C］greatachievementshavebeenmadebymeninexploringtheunknown

［D］thedevelopmentofvaccineproductionmethodscannotbestopped

2.Whatstepisessentialtothetraditionalproductionoffluvaccine?

［A］Manufacturersimplantthevaccineintoorderedchickeneggs.

［B］Scientistsidentifytheexactstrainsoonafteraflupandemicstarts.

［C］Publichealthmeasuresaretakenasanimportantpandemic-fightingtool.

［D］Virusesaredeadenedandmadecleanbeforebeingputintovaccineuse.

3.Theforemostreasonwhytheegg-basedmethodisdefectiveliesin_____.

［A］thecomplexprocessofvaccineproduction［B］itspotentialthreattohumanbeing

［C］thelowsurvivalratefornewfluvaccines［D］itscontributiontothefluvaccineshortage

4.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?

［A］Fluvaccinesnowmainlyuseegg-basedtechnology.

［B］Abirdinfluenzahasoncecirculatedamonghumans.

［C］Safetycanbegreatlyimprovedwithcell-culturevaccines.

［D］Modernvaccineproductionmethodsaretoreplaceegg-basedmethods.

5.Intheauthor’sview,thenewvaccineproductionmethodseemstobe_____.

［A］remarkable［B］criticized［C］efficient［D］accepted

答案：

1.B2.D3.C4.A5.D

核心词汇与超纲词汇

（1）decipher（v.）破译，辨认（难认、难解的东西）

（2）genome（n.）基因组，染色体组

（3）brew（v.）酿制（啤酒），沏（茶），煮（咖啡）；~up酝酿；（常用于进行时）（不愉快的事）即将来临

（4）cumbersome（a.）大而笨重的；繁琐的，复杂的

（5）archaic（a.）过时的，陈旧的；古代的，早期的

（6）inthepipeline在准备中