高考英语阅读理解Ⅰ主旨大意题测专题练习三有答案Word格式文档下载.docx

高考英语阅读理解Ⅰ主旨大意题测专题练习三有答案Word格式文档下载.docx

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Anearlymorningwinterstormhadbroughtseveralinchesofsnowmmysmalltowninthemountains.Schoolswerecanceled,roadsweredangerousandallIwantedtodowastostayinbed.Still,IknewIhadtogetthedaystartedsoIputonwarmclothesandwalkedoutside.Thesnowgotallovermyshoes.Thecoldwinddriedmylipsandmyeyes.My47year-oldbackachedinanticipation（预想）oftheshoveling（铲雪）Iwouldhavetodoifthesnowdidn’tstopsoon.

Yet,whenIlookedoutonthewhiteblanketthatcoveredtheground,Icouldn’thelpbutsmileabit.Itwassobeautiful.Itsoftenedthebaretreesandhidthedeadgrass.InthedistanceIcouldhearthesoundofthesnowplow（雪犁）ontheroad,thebarkingofahappydogandthelaughterofchildrenplayingoutside,enjoyingtheirwayofffromschool.

Thesweetmusicofthatlaughterbroughtbackahundredmemoriesofwinterspast.Irememberedcatchingsnowflakes（雪花）onmytongue,buildingsnowmen,makingsnowangles,runningdownhillsandalwayslosingsnowballfightswithfirstmybrothersandthenmyownchildren.Standingthereinthatwarmcoatofmemoriesmadethewindalittlelesscoldandmybackalittlelesssore（疼痛的）.Iturnedupmyhead,stuckoutmytongueandforthefirsttimeinyearscaughtasnowflakeonit.Ittastedsofreshandclean.Ittastedlikeyouth,likejoyandlikelove.

Mayyoualwaysfeelyounginspirit,nomatterhowoldorachyyourbodymaybe.Mayyoualwaysdelightinthesimplejoysoflife.Mayyoualwaysshareyourhappinesswiththeheartsofchildren.Andmayyoualwaysgiveyourlove,yourlight,yourlaughterandyourwarmthtoothersevenonthecoldestdays.

27．Whatdoestheauthormainlywanttotelluswiththisarticle?

________

A．Appreciateeverysnowstormyouspendwithyourfamily.

B．Snowbringsbothfunandtrouble.

C．Memoriescanchangeouropinion.

D．Weshouldstayyoungatheart.

2．

Wouldn’titbewonderfultotraveltoaforeigncountrywithouthavingtoworryabouttheheadacheofcommunicatinginadifferentlanguage?

InarecentWallStreetjournalarticle,technologypolicyexpertAlecRossarguedthat,withinadecadeorso.We’llbeabletocommunicatewithoneanotherviasmallearpieceswithbuilt-inmicrophones.That’sbecausetechnologicalprogressisextremelyrapid.It-sonlyamatterof.rime.Indeed,someparentsaresoconvincedthatthistechnologyisimminentthatthey’rewonderingiftheirkidsshouldevenlearnasecondlanguage.

It’struethatanincreaseinthequantityandaccuracyofthedataloadedintocomputersWillmakethemclevererattranslating“Noesbuenodormirmucho”as“1t’snotgoodtosleeptoomuch.”Replacingawordwithitsequivalent（同义词）inthetargetlanguageisactuallythe“easypart”ofatranslator′sjob.Buteventhisseemstobeadiscouragingtaskforcomputers.

It’ssodifficultforcomputersbecausetranslationdoesn’t-orshouldn’t-involvesimplytranslatingwords,sentencesorparagraphs.Rather,it’sabouttranslatingmeaning.Andinordertoinfermeaningfromaspecificexpression,humanshavetointerpretamassofinformationatthesametime.

Thinkaboutalltherelatedcluesthatgointounderstandinganexpression:

volume,gesture,situation,andevenyourculture.Allarelikelytoconveyasmuchmeaningasthewordsyouuse.

Therefore,weshouldbeveryskepticalofamachinethatisunabletointerprettheworldaroundus.Ifpeoplefromdifferentculturescanoffendeachotherwithoutrealizingit,howcanweexpectamachinetodobetter?

Unlessengineersactuallyfindawaytobreatheasoulintoacomputer,undoubtedlywhenitcomestoconveyingandinterpretingmeaningusinganaturallanguage,amachinewillneverfullytakeourplace.

31．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A．AnExpert′sPrecisePredictionB．TheComplexityofTranslation

C．WhoWillBeaBetterTranslatorD．WillLanguageBarrierActuallyFall

考点：

考查文化类文章阅读

3．

PublicbookshelvesareappearingacrossGermanyonstreetcorners,citysquaresandinsuburbansupermarkets.Inthesefree-for-alllibraries,peoplecangrabwhatevertheywanttoread,andleavebehindanythingtheywantforothers.There’snoneedtoregister,noduedate,andyoucantakeorgiveasmanyasyouwant.“Thisprojectisaimedateveryonewholikestoread.Itisopenforeverybody,”MichaelAubermann,oneoftheorganizersofthefreebookexchangesaid.

Thewesterncity’slatestpublicshelfwasputupnexttoBayenturm.ItisthefourthfreeshelfthatAuberMann’sgroup,theCologneCitizen’sFoundation,hasplacedoutside.“Wesetupourotheroutdoorshelveslastyearandit’sbeenworkingreallywell,”saidAubermann.Thepublicbookshelves,whichareusuallyfinancedbydonationsandcaredforbylocalvolunteergroups,haveappearedindependentlyofeachotherinmanycities,suburbsandvillages.Eachshelfholdsaround200booksandittakesaboutsixweeksforacompleteturnover,withalltheoldtitlesreplacedbynewones.

Evencommercialbookstoresandonlinebooksellersseemtosupporttheideaoffreebookexchanges.“Weseethisprojectratherasasalespromotionthanascompetition,”saidElmerMother.“Ifbooksarepresenteverywhere,ithelpsourbusiness,too.”

Sofar,theColognebookgrouphashadfewproblemswithdamageorotherproblems.AuberMannsaid,“Propaganda（宣传）istheonlykindofliteraturewedonotallowhere.”

AtanotherbookshelfintheBayenthalneighborhood,thelowershelvesarereservedforchildren’sliteratureonly.“Itisimportantthatwemakeiteasyforeveryonetoparticipateinthis‘readingcultureonthestreet’—fromoldreaderstokidstoimmigrants,”AuberMannsaid.

Whilemostoftheshelveshavesofarbeenputupinupscaleneighborhoods,Aubermannandthe20volunteerswhohelplookaftertheprojectareplanningtoputupfutureshelvesinpoorneighborhoods,wherecitizensoftendon’thaveasmuchaccesstoliterature.

31．Whichmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?

________.

A．PublicReadingBecomesPopularWorldwide

B．NewTrendsofBookshelvesinGermany

C．PublicBookshelvesSpreadAcrossGermany

D．ReadingCultureontheStreetinEurope

4．

Areyouanearlyriseroranightowl?

ResearchersfromAachenUniversityinGermanybelievethatabout10percentofpeoplecanbeclassifiedas“morningpeople”,whofeelmoreactiveandfunctionbestinthemorning.Around20percentarenightowls—peoplewhonaturallytendtostayuplateandaremoretiredduringtheday.Andtherestofusfallsomewhereinbetween,accordingtoNewScientist.

Previousstudieshavesuggestedthatearlyrisersaremorelikelytobehappyandhealthywhilenightowlsexperienceworsesleepaswellasmoredepressionandanxietyduringtheday.

Foralongtime,scientistshavebeentryingtofindoutwhatcausesthedifferencesbetweenthetwo.Anewstudysuggeststhatitisn’tjustpeople’shabits—earlyrisersandnightowlsactuallyhavedifferentbrainstructures.

LedbyJessicaRosenbergatAachenUniversity,researchersscannedthebrainsof16earlyrisers,23nightowlsand20peoplewithintermediatesleepinghours.Theyfoundthatthebrainsofnightowlshadless“whitematter”—whichspeedsupthetransmission（传输）ofnervesignals–inbrainareasassociatedwithdepression.

Asyouknow,afterpeopleflyinanairplanefromonetimezonetoanother,theyoftensufferfromaconfusedandtiredfeelingcalled“jetlag”becausetheirbodyclocksareoutofsync（不同步的）withthenewtimezone.Itusuallytakesaboutaweekfortheirbodiestoadjusttothenewtime.Butnightowlsalwayshavedifficultysyncingtheirbodiestotherighttimeduetotheirbrainstructure.“It’sliketheysufferfrompermanentjetlag,”saidRosenberg.

Thegoodnewsisthatitispossiblefornightowlstoturnthemselvesintomorningpeople.Accordingtotheresearchers,nightowlsshouldtrytospendasmuchtimeinthesunlightaspossibleandreducetheirexposuretoartificiallightatnighttoforcetheirbodyclockstoshifttoamorenormalrhythm.

25．Whatdoesthearticlemainlydiscuss?

A．Howtoturnearlyrisersintonightowls.

B．Howourhabitsinfluenceoursleeppatterns.

C．Whatcausesthedifferencesbetweenearlyrisersandnightowls.

D．Whyearlyrisersarehappierandhealthierthannightowls.

5．

Today’sdemandsformeasuringchildhoodsuccesshavechasedhouseholdchoresfromtheto-dolistsofmanyyoungpeople.Inasurveyof1,001USadultsreleasedbyBraunResearch,82%reportedhavingregularchoresgrowingup,butonly28%saidthattheyrequiretheirownchildrentodothem.“Parentstodaywanttheirkidsspendingtimeonthingsthatcanbringthemsuccess,butironically,we’vestoppeddoingonethingthat’sactuallybeenaprovenpredictorofsuccess—andthat’shouseholdchores.”saysRichardRender,adevelopmentalpsychologist.

Givingchildrenhouseholdchoresatanearlyagehelpstobuildalastingsenseofmastery,responsibilityandindependence,accordingtoresearchbyMartyGrossmann,professorattheUniversityofMinnesota.In2002,Dr.Grossmannanalyzeddatafromalongitudinal（纵向的）studythatfollowed84childrenacrossfourperiods.Shefoundthatyoungadultswhobeganchoresatages3and4weremorelikelytohavegoodrelationshipswithfamilyandfriendsandtoachieveacademicandearlycareersuccess,ascomparedwiththosewhodidn’thavechoresorwhostartedthemasteens.

Choresalsoteachchildrenhowtobeempathetic（感同身受的）andresponsivetoothers′needs,notespsychologistRichardWeissbourd.Inresearch,histeamsurveyed10,000high-schoolstudentsandaskedthemtorankwhattheytreasuredmore:

achievement,happinessorcaringforothers.Almost80%choseeither