学年福建三明一中高二下第一次月考英语卷含答案及解析文档格式.docx

学年福建三明一中高二下第一次月考英语卷含答案及解析文档格式.docx

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六

总分

得分

一、阅读理解

1.阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中,选出最佳选项。

ArthurMiller（1915-2005）isuniversallyrecognizedasoneofthegreatestdramatistsofthe20thcentury.Miller’sfatherhadmovedtotheUSAfromAustria-Hungary,drawnlikesomanyothersbythe“GreatAmericanDream”.However,heexperiencedseverefinancialhardshipwhenhisfamilybusinesswasruinedintheGreatDepression（大萧条时期）oftheearly1930s.

Miller’smostfamousplay,DeathofaSalesman,isapowerfulattackontheAmericansystem,withitsaggressivewayofdoingbusinessanditsinsistenceonmoneyandsocialstatusasindicators（标志）ofworth.InWillyLoman,theherooftheplay,weseeamanwhohasgotintotroublewithhissystem,Willyis“burntout”andinthecruelworldofbusinessthereisnoroomforsentiment（情绪）:

ifhecan’tdothework,thenheisnogoodtohisemployer,theWagnerCompany,andhemustgo.Willyispainfullyawareofthis,andatalossastowhattodowithhislackofsuccess.Herefusestofacethefactthathehasfailedandkillshimselfintheend.

Whenitwasfirststagedin1949,theplaywasgreetedwithenthusiasticreviews,anditwontheTonyAwardforBestPlay,theNewYorkDramaCritics’CircleAward,andthePulitzerPrizefordrama.Itwasthefirstplaytowinallthethreeofthesemajorawards.

MillerdiedofheartfailureathishomeinRoxbury,Connecticut,ontheeveningofFebruary10,2005,the56thanniversaryofthefirstperformanceofDeathofaSalesmanonBroadway.

1.WhydidArthurMiller’sfathermovetotheUSA?

A.Hesufferedfromseverehungerinhishomecountry.

B.Hewasattractedbythe“GreatAmericanDream”.

C.Hehopedtomakehissonadramatist.

D.Hisfamilybusinessfailed.

2.TheplayDeathofaSalesman_____.

A.exposesthecrueltyoftheAmericanbusinessworld

B.discussesthewaystogetpromotedinacountry

C.talksaboutthebusinesscareerofArthurMiller

D.focusesontheskillsindoingbusiness

3.WhatcanwelearnaboutWillyLoman?

A.Hetreatshisemployerbadly.

B.HerunstheWagnerCompany.

C.HeisavictimoftheAmericansystem.

D.Heisregardedasaherobyhiscolleagues.

4.Afteritwasfirststaged,DeathofaSalesman_____.

A.achievedhugesuccess

B.wonthefirstTonyAward

C.waswarmlywelcomedbysalesmen

D.wasseverelyattackedbydramatists

5.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.ArthurMillerandhisfamily.

B.TheawardsArthurMillerwon.

C.ArthurMillerandhisbest-knownplay.

D.ThehardshipArthurMillerexperienced.

2.阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中,选出最佳选项。

TheStateCouncilsubmitted（提交）abillwhichaimstoallowcouplestohavetwochildrenifeitherparentisanonlychild.Itfocusesonadjustingandimprovingthefamilyplanningpolicy.

TheStateCouncilarguesadjustmenttothepolicyinthefaceofasteadilydecliningbirthrate.Thebirthratehasremainedrelativelylowandshowsatendencytofallfurther.Theratehasdroppedtobetween1.5and1.6sincethe1990s,whichmeanseachChinesewomanofchild-bearingagegivesbirthto1.5to1.6childrenonaverage.Theworkingpopulationbegantodropin2012by3.45millioneveryyear,anditislikelytofallby8millioneachyearafter2023.

Thepopulationaged60andabovewillreach400millionandaccountforone-fourthofthetotalpopulationintheearly2030s,upfromone-seventhnow.

“Ifthecurrentfamilyplanningpolicycontinues,thebirthratewillcontinuetofallandleadtoasharpdropofthetotalpopulationafterreachingapeak,”saidLiBin,ministerinchargeoftheNationalHealthandFamilyPlanningCommission.

“Itistherighttimetomakechanges:

Thelowbirthrateisstable,theworkingpopulationisstilllargeandtheburdenofsupportingtheelderlyremainsrelativelylight,”headded.

Anincreaseinbirthisexpectedifthepolicychangesbutwillnotseriouslyaffectthefoodsupply,publiceducation,healthcareoremployment.

China’sfoodsafetyandpublicserviceplansaredesignedtomeettheneedsof1.43billionpopulationin2020and1.5billionin2033.Evenwiththepolicychange,thetotalpopulationwillreachnomorethan1.38billionin2015,Lisaid.

1.WhydidtheStateCouncilsubmitthebill?

A.ToincreasethepopulationofHannationality.

B.Tobalancethenatureandsociety.

C.TodeveloptheeconomyofChina.

D.Tosolvethesocialpopulationissue.

2.Thenewpolicymayhaveaneffectonthefollowingexpect_____.

A.publiceducation______________B.thefoodsupply

C.thedivorcerate______________D.employment

3.WhatcanwelearnaboutthepopulationinChinafromthepassage?

A.Aftertheyearof2023,thepopulationwillbecomelessandless.

B.There’snoneedtocarryoutthefamilyplanningpolicy.

C.Atthebeginningof2030stheagingproblemwillbeworsethannow.

D.Intheyear2023,thepopulationmaybetheleast.

3.阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中,选出最佳选项。

Theoceanbottom,aregionnearly2.5timesgreaterthanthetotallandareaoftheearth,iseventodaylargelyunexplored.Untilaboutacenturyago,thedeepoceanfloorwascompletelyinaccessibleandhiddenbeneathwatersaveragingover3,600metersdeep.Totallywithoutlightandinthecaseofintensepressureshundredsoftimesgreaterthanattheearth’ssurface,thedeep-oceanbottomisastrangeenvironmenttohumans,insomewayasfrighteningandremoteastheouterspace.

Althoughresearchershavetakensamplesofdeep-oceanrocksforoveracentury,thefirstdetailedglobalstudyoftheoceanbottomdidnotactuallystartuntil1969,withthebeginningoftheNationalScienceFoundation’sDeepSeaDrillingProject（DSDP）.Usingtechniquesfirstdevelopedfortheoffshoreoilandgasindustry,theDSDP’sdrillship,theGlomarChallenger,wasabletomaintainasteadypositionontheocean’ssurfaceanddrillverydeepwaters,takingsamplesofrocksfromtheoceanfloor.

TheGlomarChallengercompleted96voyagesina15-yearresearchprogramthatendedinNovember1983.Duringthistime,itsailed600,000kilometersandtookalmost20,000samplesofrocksaroundtheworld.Thosesampleshaveallowedgeologiststoreconstructwhattheplanetlookedlikehundredsofmillionsofyearsagoandtomakeoutwhatitwillprobablylooklikemillionsofyearsinthefuture.Today,largelyonthestrengthofevidencegatheredduringtheGlomarChallenger’svoyages,nearlyallearthscientistsagreeonthetheoriesofplatetectonics（构造学）andcontinentaldriftthatexplainmanyofthegeologicalprocesses.

ThesampleofrocksdrilledbytheGlomarChallengerhavealsoprovidedaclimaticrecordstretchingbackhundredsofmillionsofyears.Theinformationofpastclimaticchangecanbeusedtopredictthefutureclimate.

1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“inaccessible”inparagraph1mean?

A.unrecognizable____________________B.unreachable

C.unusable___________________________________D.unreasonable

2.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheGlomarChallenger?

A.Itisamilitarysubmarine.

B.Itisusedtodeveloptourism.

C.Ithasgoneonover100voyages.

D.ItmadeitsfirstDSDPvoyagein1969.

3.TheDeepSeaDrillingProjectwassignificantbecauseitwas_____.

A.thefirstdetailedexplorationoftheoceanbottom

B.conductedbygeologistsfromallovertheworld

C.supportedentirelybythegasandoilindustry

D.anattempttofindnewsourcesofoilandgas

4.阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中,选出最佳选项。

Whatdoyoudowhenyouneedtolooksomethingup?

Gotothelibrary?

Openanencyclopedia（百科全书）?

ClickontotheInternet?

Thesedays,mostpeoplegostraighttoWikipedia,theonlineencyclopedia.Buthowreliableisit?

There’snodenyingthepopularityandusefulnessofWikipedia.Itattractsasmanyas78millionvisitorseverymonth,andthesiteisavailableinmorethan270differentlanguages.It’soneofthemostcomprehensiveresourcesavailable,whichincludesalmostalldetails,factsandinformationthatmaybeconcerned.It’sgotmuchmoreinformationthananordinaryencyclopedia.Thesiteisupdatedonadailybasisbythousandsofpeoplearoundtheworld.AnyonewithanInternetconnectioncanlogonandeditthecontentsoraddanewpage.Andyoudon’tneedanyformaltraining.

Ofcourse,therearesomecontrols.Wikipediahasateamofmorethan1,500administratorswhocheckforfalseinformation.Andmaintargetsforharmfulcomments（suchaspoliticians）areoff-limitstopublicediting.Butwithmorethan16millionarticlestokeepaneyeon,itisn’teasy.So,whileWikipediabenefitsfrombeingconstantlyupdatedwithinformationfromallovertheworld,it’salsoopento“vandals”（恣意破坏公共财物者）.

Someofthedamageiseasytonotice.OnepersondrewdevilhornsandamoustacheonMicrosoftchairmanBillGate’sphoto,whileanothereditedGreekphilosopherPlato’sbiographytosayhewasa“Hawaiianweathermanwhoiswidelybelievedtohavebeenastudentof‘BarneythepurpleDinosaur’.

Butotherthingsarehardertospot.Themostcommonformofvandalism（恣意破坏公共财物罪）involvesaddingtinyitemsoffalseinformationintothebiographyofafamousperson.Unbelievably,someofthismisinformationhasappearedinnewspapers,withTheDailyMail,TheGuardianandTheIndependentallhavingfallenvictimtothedirtytricks.Forexample,inanarticleaboutBritishcomedianSirNormanWisdom,onenewspaperclaimedthatheco-wroteDameVeraLynn’swartimehitThere’llbebluebirdsovertheWhiteCliffsofDover.Hedidnosuchthing.Andinotherarticle,itwasreportedthatTVThemetunec