定语从句复习的总体目标Word文档格式.docx
《定语从句复习的总体目标Word文档格式.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《定语从句复习的总体目标Word文档格式.docx（8页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。
1．定语从句的功能。
riddles
1.It’sakindofanimal,whichisournationaltreasure.
2.Itisakindofhouseholdappliancesthatcankeepfoodfresh.
3.It’sakindofredflowers,whichcanrepresentlove.
4.It’sacountry,wherethereisthelargestpopulationintheworld.
5.It’safestival,whenpeoplecanplayjokesoneachother.
Summary：
定语从句的功能是描述人和物
2.连接词的基本用法
Examples:
Thee-mailthat/whichMichaelsenttomewasabouttheschedulefortomorrow’smeeting.
Theparcelwhich/thatarrivedjustnowwasforProfessorSmith.
DoyouknowJack’sfatherwho/thathappenstobeworkinginyourcompany.
Davidisastudentwho/whom/thatyoucansafelydependon.
Thetouristwantedtobookaroomwhose/ofwhichthewindowfacessouth.
Thesephotosremindedtheoldmanofthepastwhen/inwhichheservedinthearmy.
Thisisalabwhere/inwhichthefamousscientistspentmostofhislifedoingexperiments.
Nooneknowsthereasonwhytheprofessorgotsoangrythismorning.
Iwillneverforgetthedayonwhichwemet.
Idon’tknowthepersontowhomheisspeaking.
Summaries：
1>
关系代词：
主格
宾格
所有格
指代人
Who
that
Whom
who
Whose
指代物
Which
that
Whose/ofwhich
注：
1.关系代词为宾语时可以省略。
2.关系代词紧跟在介词后，只能使用whom或which。
2>
关系副词：
在从句中充当状语
When（时间）:
inwhich,onwhich等
where（地点）:
inwhich,onwhich等
why（原因）:
forwhich
3>
whose的用法
a.在从句中充当定语，既可指人也可指物
b.指物，可以用ofwhich代替
Consolidation:
●
Mozartwasafamousmusicianwhosechildhoodwasmiserable.
Thelonelymanlivedinahousewhose/ofwhichthewindows/thewindowsofwhichfacedsouth.
3.非限制性定语从句与定语从句的区别
ATaleofTwoCities,whichIborrowedfromthelibraryyesterday,isaverytouchingnovel.
David,whoisoneofmybestfriends,comesfromNewYork.
Hersisterhasbecomealawyer,whichshewantedtobe.（职业后用which）
.非限制性定语从句不作限定性描述，只是作为补充说明，即使省略不会使该名词意义产生歧义。
.非限制性定语从句与被说明的名词之间有逗号隔开.
.引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词如下：
who
who
whose
Which
Whose
ofwhich
4>
.非限制性定语从句可以指代整个主句,连接词只可用which或as
Which与as的区别
Asweallknow,hestudiesveryhard.
Thebridgeisreallywonderful,asisshowninthepicture.
HehastoworkonSundays,whichhedoesn’tlike.
Asisknown/reported/expected/mentioned/accepted
/oftenthecase
Summaries:
a.as:
翻译为“正如”;
用于句首或句中;
主动或被动，
b.which:
翻译为“这”；
用于句中；
主动，
4.that的特殊用法
Example:
Iwilltellyousomethingthathappenedonenight.Ifeltlonelyathome,sotheonlythingthatIcoulddowastoseeafilm,whichisverymeaningful.AlthoughthisisnotthefirstEnglishfilmthatIhaveeverseen,thisisthemostmovingfilmthathasbeenshowninthecinema.ThethingsandpersonsthatIsawinthefilmwillbeunforgettable.Icanrememberalmosteveryscenethatappearedinthefilm.Afterseeingthefilm,Ihavelearnedalot.IfeelthatIamnotthepersonthatIusedtobe.Thefilmisveryfamous,whichisknowntous.DoyouwanttoknowthenameofthefilmaboutwhichItoldyoujustnow?
Whichisthefilmthatyoulikemost?
先行词前有形容词最高级，序数词（last）或表示强调的词（only/very/just/right）
先行词为不定代词（all、much、little、few、none、some、something、anything、everything、nothing）
先行词被every、each、all、any、little、few、no、some等修饰时
先行词为人和物的词组
5>
引导词在从句中做表语。
6>
句中有which、who、
当先行词是代词he、they或不定代词anyone、those等时,关系代词用who.
Consolidation：
Whichofhissongsthathesangdidyoulikemost?
TitanicisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.
ThelastplacethatwevisitedwastheGreatWall.
AnotebookistheverythingthatI’mlookingfor.
Allthatyouwantwillbeyours.
Hewhoplayswithfirewillgetburntintheend.
Anybodywhocansolvetheproblemwillbepraised.
HerememberedeveryplacethathehadbeentoinChina.
Theytalkedaboutpersonsandthingsthatheyrememberedintheschool.
That’stheonlystepthatwecantakeatthemoment.
Myhomevillageisnolongertheplacethatitusedtobe.
（二）、定语从句的特殊用法
1.特殊的关系代词as、than、but
Heneverhesitatestomakesuchcriticismsasareconsideredhelpfultoothers.
HeboughtmoreEnglishreferencebooksthanwereneeded.
Thereisnomotherbutlovesherchild.
a.such/thesame/+先行词+as
比较thesame….as和thesame…that的区别
Iboughtthesamecoatashepresentedtoyou.（同样的）
Heisthesamepersonthatyouarelookingfor.（同一个）
b.比较级+先行词+than
c.否定词+先行词+but（but本身具有否定含义）
2.特殊的先行词
.Way+that/inwhich/省略
ReadingisagoodwaythatwelearnEnglish.
.case/situation/system+关系副词where
Weneedaneducationsystemwheretherolesofteachersshouldbechanged..
Weneedaneducationsystemthatishelpfultochildren.
.Occasion+关系副词when
HewasabornsailorandIcan’trememberanyoccasionwhenhehadanysortofaccidentwiththeboat.
3．特殊的句型
Heworkedtillmidnightbywhichtimeallofhiscolleagueshadleft.
Hearrivedat7,atwhichtimewewerehavingdinner.
Heworkedallday,duringwhichtimehedidn’teatanything.
Hemaybelate,inwhichcaseweshouldwaitforhim.
（三）难点突破
1.关系副词的用法：
Thedaywhen/onwhichImethimfirstwasMay1st.
I’llneverforgetthetimewhichwespenttogether.
Heleftthecitywhere/inwhichhelived.
Americaisthecountrywhichhehasneverbeento.
TherearesomeplacesinAsiawhere/inwhichpeopleareinpoverty.
JiaotongUniversityistheschoolwhere/towhichhewasadmitted.
Heputtheumbrellaintheclassroomwherehetookit.
Thisistheplacewherehelived/worked/stayed/went.
Thisismyhometownwhere/inwhichpeoplearekind.
Shanghaiistheplacewhere/inwhichIwasborn.
Summary:
1．将先行词带入从句中，如果先行词前需要介词，连接词就应该使用关系副词。
2．关系副词可用介词加关系代词取代，带介词的选择应根据先行词或从句动词的搭配。
2．不同从句的区别
．定语从句与同位语从句的区别
You’lltellmethenewsthatyou’vebeenadmittedtokeyuniversities.（同位语从句）
You’lltellmethenewsthatcanmakemeexcited.（定语从句）
同位语从句：
表示先行词的内容；
that不可换成which
定语从句：
表示先行词的特征；
that可换成which
.定语从句与状语从句的区别
Shekepteverythingwhereshecouldfindit.（状语从句）
Shanghaiistheplacewhereyouspentyourchildhood.（定语从句）
状语从句：
没有先行词；
where不可换成inwhich
有先行词；
where可以换成inwhich
比较such…as和such…that的区别：
TheytalkedinsuchsimpleEnglishthatchildrencouldunderstandit.
TheytalkedinsuchsimpleEnglishaschildrencouldunderstand.
a.as在从句中充当成分，意思为“这样的……如/像”
b.that在从句中不充当成分,意思为“如此……以至于”
Childrenlikesuchbooksashavelotsofillustrations.
Thesebookshavesuchbeautifulillustrationsthatchildrenlikethemverymuch.
.定语从句与强调结构的区别
ItisShanghaiwhereyouwereborn.
ItisinShanghaithatyouwereborn.
Itwas1949whennewChinawasfounded.
Itwasin1949thatnewChinawasfounded.
ItisinShanghaiwhereyouwerebornthattheExpowillbeheldin2008.
（四）定语从句的应用
1．常考选择题分析
1）．JanecametosettledowninNewYorkin1995,______,sometimelater,shebecameamiddleschoolteacher.
A.where
B.when
C.atwhich
D.that
2）.Hehaslotsoffriends,butnoneof_____arereliable.
A.whom
B.them
C.who
D.which
3）.Canyousolvesuchproblems___raisedbytheaudience?
A.whatwere
B.aswere
C.thatwere
D.whichwere
4）.Meetingwithmyunclewasanunforgettablemoment,____I’llneverforget.
A.inwhich
B.that
D.one
5）.Ishallneverforgetthosedays______Ilivedinthearmywiththesoldiers,______hasagreateffectonmylife.
A.that;
which
B.when;
C.when;
D.which;
that
6）.Itisintheveryfactory__________weworkedlastyear_____wewillworkfortwodaysnextmonth.
A.that;
that
B.where;
which
C.which;
where
D.where;
2.定语从句在中译英中的应用。
1）
乐于助人的人有责任心。
Thosewhoarereadytohelpothershaveresponsibility.
2）
他迟到的原因是他起晚了。
Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathegotuplate.
3）
去年他回到了自己出生和成长的地方。
Lastyearhereturnedtotheplacewherehewasbornandbroughtup.
Morepractice:
1）.她当时没有意识到自己犯了一个多么严重的错误。
（aware）
Shewasnotawareofwhataseriousmistakeshehadmadeatthattime.
2）.不愿听取别人建议的人一定会以失败告终。
（end）
Thosewhoareunwillingtotake/followothers’advice/suggestionsaresuretoendupinfailure.
3）.你无论给他哪一本书都会使他满意，这一点很清楚。
（which）
Whicheverbookyouwillgivehimwillsatisfyhim,whichisveryclear.
4）.对于学过三四年英语的人来说,与别人交谈时出些差错是很自然的.（Itisnatural）
ItisnaturalforthosewhohavelearnedEnglishforthreeorfouryearstomakesomemistakeswhiletalkingwithothers.
5）.使他兴奋的是,他在山顶上看到了他一生中从未看到过的奇妙景象.（Tohis…）
Tohisexcitement,onthetopofthemountainhesawthewonderfulviewwhichhehadneverseeninhislife.
升级会员 