东大大学英语统考在线练习题13客观题Word文件下载.docx

东大大学英语统考在线练习题13客观题Word文件下载.docx

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thechangeinhumanthoughtproducedbyEinstein

D.

thedifficultyfacingteachersinunderstandingEinstein&

rsquo;

sthought

正确答案：

C 

满分：

2 

分

2）. 

AccordingtotheAmericanuniversitypresident,______.

everyoneunderstandsEinstein&

stheorytoday

Einsteinachievedmorethananyotherscientistsinhistory

thetheoryofrelativitycanbequicklylearnedbyeveryone

ourideasabouttheuniversearedifferenttodaybecauseofEinstein

D 

3）. 

AccordingtoParagraph2,AlbertEinstein_______.

wasafamouschemist

headedaresearchinstitute

wasfamousintheworld

enjoyedreadingaboutwar

4）. 

Accordingtothepassage,Einsteindidhisgreatestwork_______.

duringWorldWarI

whenhewasyoung

whenNazismrose

between1906and1915

B 

5）. 

Itmaybeconcludedthat______.

&

nbsp;

AlbertEinsteinwasforcedtoserveintheGermanarmy

AlbertEinsteinhadnootherinterestsbesidesscience

Germansusuallyhaveahighrespectforscience

hisreputationwasruinedbecauseofhisworkduringWorldWarI

2. 

Brazilhasbecomeoneofthedevelopingworld&

sgreatestsuccessesatreducingpopulationgrowth-butmorebyaccidentthandesign.WhilecountriessuchasIndiahavemadejointeffortstoreducebirthrates,Brazilhashadbetterresultwithoutreallytrying,saysGeorgeMartineatHarvard.

Brazil&

spopulationgrowthratehasdroppedfrom2.99%ayearbetween1951and1960to1.93%ayearbetween1981and1990,andBrazilianwomennowhaveonly2.7childrenonaverage.Martinesaysthisfiguremayhavefallenstillfurthersince1990,anachievementthatmakesittheenvyofmanyotherThirdWorldcountries.

Martineputsitdownto,amongotherthings,soapoperas（通俗电视连续剧）andinstallment（分期付款）plansintroducedinthe1970s.Bothplayedanimportant,althoughindirect,roleinloweringthebirthrate.Brazilisoneoftheworld&

sbiggestproducersofsoapoperas.Globo,Brazil&

smostpopulartelevisionnetwork,showsthreehoursofsoapssixnightsaweek,whilethreeothersshowatleastonehouranight.Mostsoapsarebasedonwealthycharacterslivingthehighlifeinbigcities.

ldquo;

Althoughtheyhaveneverreallytriedtoworkinamessagetowardstheproblemsofreproduction,theydescribemiddleandupperclassvalues-notmanychildren,differentattitudestowardssex,womenworking,&

rdquo;

saysMartine.&

TheysentthisimagetoallpartsofBrazilandmadepeopleconsciousofotherpatternsofbehaviorandothervalues,whichwereputintoaveryattractivepackage.&

Meanwhile,theinstallmentplanstriedtoencouragethepoortobecomeconsumers.&

Thisledtoanenormouschangeinconsumptionpatternsandconsumptionwasincompatible（不相容的）withunlimitedreproduction,&

saysMartine.

Accordingtothepassage,Brazilhascutbackitspopulationgrowth_________.

byeducatingitscitizens

B.bycarefulfamilyplanning

C.bydevelopingTVprogrammers

D.bychance

Accordingtothepassage,manyThirdWorldcountries_________.

haven&

tattachedmuchimportancetobirthcontrol

B.wouldsoonjoinBrazilincontrollingtheirbirthrate

C.haven&

tyetfoundaneffectivemeasuretocontroltheirpopulation

D.neglectedtheroleofTVplaysinfamilyplanning

Thephrase“putsitdownto”（Line1,Pars.3）isclosestinmeaningto“_________”.

attributesitto

B.findsitareasonfor

C.sumsitupas

D.comparesitto

SoapoperashavehelpedinloweringBrazil’sbirthratebecause_________.

theykeeppeoplesittinglonghourswatchingTV

B.theyhavegraduallychangedpeople&

swayoflife

C.peoplearedrawntotheirattractivepackage

D.theypopularizebirthcontrolmeasures

WhatisMartine’sconclusionaboutBrazil’spopulationgrowth?

Theincreaseinbirthratewillpromoteconsumption.

B.Thedesireforconsumptionhelpstoreducebirthrate.

C.Consumptionpatternsandreproductionpatternsarecontradictory

D.Acountry&

sproductionislimitedbyitspopulationgrowth.

3. 

Theappealofadvertisingtobuyingmotivescanhavebothnegativeandpositiveeffects.Consumersmaybeconvincedtobuyaproductofpoorqualityorhighpricebecauseofanadvertisement.Forexample,someadvertisershaveappealedtopeople&

sdesireforbetterfueleconomyfortheircarsbyadvertisingautomotiveproductsthatimprovegasolinemileage.Someoftheproductswork.Othersareworthlessandawasteofconsumers&

money.

Sometimesadvertisingisintentionallymisleading.Afewyearsagoabrandofbreadwasofferedtodieters（节食者）withthemessagethattherewerefewercalories（热量单位，大卡）ineveryslice.Itturnedoutthatthebreadwasnotdietetic（适合于节食的）,butjustregularbread.Therewerefewercaloriesbecauseitwasslicedverythin,buttherewerethesamenumberofcaloriesineveryloaf.

Onthepositiveside,emotionalappealsmayrespondtoaconsumer&

srealconcerns.Considerfireinsurance.Firesecurityofknowingthatpropertyisprotectedbyinsurancemakesthepurchaseoffireinsuranceaworthwhileinvestmentformostpeople.Ifconsumersconsiderthequalityoftheinsuranceplansaswellasthemessageintheads,theywillbenefitfromtheadvertising.

Eachconsumermustevaluateherorhisownsituation.Arethebenefitsoftheproductimportantenoughtojustifybuyingit?

Advertisingisintendedtoappealtoconsumers,butitdoesnotforcethemtobuytheproduct.Consumersstillcontrolthefinalbuyingdecision.

Advertisingcanpersuadetheconsumertobuyworthlessproductsby_________.

A.keepingabalancebetweenqualityandprice

convincinghimoftheirlowprice

C.appealingtohisbuyingmotives

D.stressingtheirhighquality

Thereasonwhythebreadadvertisementismisleadingisthat________.

A.thetotalnumberofcaloriesintheloafremainedthesame

B.thinslicesofbreadcouldcontainmorecalories

theloafwascutintoregularslices

D.thebreadwasnotrealbread

A 

Thepassagetellsusthat_______.

A.advertisementsoccasionallyforceconsumersintobuyingthingstheydon&

tneed

B.thebuyingmotivesofconsumersarecontrolledbyadvertisements

C.sometimesadvertisementsreallysellwhattheconsumerneeds

fireinsuranceisseldomaworthwhileinvestmen

t

Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatasmartconsumershould_________.

A.befamiliarwithvariousadvertisingstrategies

thinkcarefullyaboutthebenefitsdescribedintheadvertisements

C.guardagainstthedeceivingnatureofadvertisements

D.avoidbuyingproductsthathavestrongemotionalappeal

Thepassageismainlyabout________.

A.waystoprotecttheinterestsoftheconsumer

B.howtomakeawisebuyingdecision

thefunctionofadvertisementsinpromotingsales

D.thepositiveandnegativeaspectsofadvertising

4. 

AlthoughtheUnitedStatescoverssomuchlandandthelandproducesfarmorefoodthanthepresentpopulationneeds,itspeoplearebynowalmostentirelyandurbansociety.Lessthanatenthofthepeopleareengagedinagricultureandforestry（林业）,andmostoftherestliveinoraroundtowns,smallandlarge.Herethetraditionalpictureischanging:

everysmalltownmaystillbeverylikeothersmalltowns,andthetypicalsmalltownmayrepresentawidelyacceptedviewofthecountry,butmostAmericansdonotliveinsmalltownsanymore.Halfthepopulationnowlivesinsomethirtymetropolitanareas（largecitieswiththeirsuburbs）ofmorethanamillionpeopleeach----alargerproportionthaninGermanyorEngland,letaloneFrance.Thestatistics（统计）ofurbanandruralpopulationshouldbetreatedwithcautionbecausesomanypeoplewholiveinareasclassifiedasruraltravelbycartoworkina