杨澜TED演讲稿中英文之欧阳体创编文档格式.docx
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欧阳体
ThenightbeforeIwasheadingforScotland,Iwasinvitedtohostthefinalof"
China'
sGotTalent"
showinShanghaiwiththe80,000liveaudienceinthestadium.Guesswhowastheperformingguest?
SusanBoyle.AndItoldher,"
I'
mgoingtoScotlandthenextday."
Shesangbeautifully,andsheevenmanagedtosayafewwordsinChinese.[Chinese]Soit'
snotlike"
hello"
or"
thankyou,"
thatordinarystuff.Itmeans"
greenonionforfree."
Whydidshesaythat?
BecauseitwasalinefromourChineseparallelSusanBoyle--a50-someyear-oldwoman,avegetablevendorinShanghai,wholovessingingWesternopera,butshedidn'
tunderstandanyEnglishorFrenchorItalian,soshemanagedtofillinthelyricswithvegetablenamesinChinese.(Laughter)AndthelastsentenceofNessunDormathatshewassinginginthestadiumwas"
So[as]SusanBoylewassayingthat,80,000liveaudiencesangtogether.Thatwashilarious.
SoIguessbothSusanBoyleandthisvegetablevendorinShanghaibelongedtootherness.Theyweretheleastexpectedtobesuccessfulinthebusinesscalledentertainment,yettheircourageandtalentbroughtthemthrough.Andashowandaplatformgavethemthestagetorealizetheirdreams.Well,beingdifferentisnotthatdifficult.Wearealldifferentfromdifferentperspectives.ButIthinkbeingdifferentisgood,becauseyoupresentadifferentpointofview.Youmayhavethechancetomakeadifference.
MygenerationhasbeenveryfortunatetowitnessandparticipateinthehistorictransformationofChinathathasmadesomanychangesinthepast20,30years.Irememberthatintheyearof1990,whenIwasgraduatingfromcollege,Iwasapplyingforajobinthesalesdepartmentofthefirstfive-starhotelinBeijing,GreatWallSheraton--it'
sstillthere.SoafterbeinginterrogatedbythisJapanesemanagerforahalfanhour,hefinallysaid,"
So,MissYang,doyouhaveanyquestionstoaskme?
"
Isummonedmycourageandpoiseandsaid,"
Yes,butcouldyouletmeknow,whatactuallydoyousell?
Ididn'
thaveacluewhatasalesdepartmentwasaboutinafive-starhotel.ThatwasthefirstdayIsetmyfootinafive-starhotel.
Aroundthesametime,Iwasgoingthroughanaudition--thefirsteveropenauditionbynationaltelevisioninChina--withanotherthousandcollegegirls.Theproducertoldustheywerelookingforsomesweet,innocentandbeautifulfreshface.Sowhenitwasmyturn,Istoodupandsaid,"
Why[do]women'
spersonalitiesontelevisionalwayshavetobebeautiful,sweet,innocentand,youknow,supportive?
Whycan'
ttheyhavetheirownideasandtheirownvoice?
IthoughtIkindofoffendedthem.Butactually,theywereimpressedbymywords.AndsoIwasinthesecondroundofcompetition,andthenthethirdandthefourth.Aftersevenroundsofcompetition,Iwasthelastonetosurviveit.SoIwasonanationaltelevisionprime-timeshow.Andbelieveitornot,thatwasthefirstshowonChinesetelevisionthatalloweditshoststospeakoutoftheirownmindswithoutreadinganapprovedscript.(Applause)Andmyweeklyaudienceatthattimewasbetween200to300millionpeople.
Wellafterafewyears,IdecidedtogototheU.S.andColumbiaUniversitytopursuemypostgraduatestudies,andthenstartedmyownmediacompany,whichwasunthoughtofduringtheyearsthatIstartedmycareer.Sowedoalotofthings.I'
veinterviewedmorethanathousandpeopleinthepast.AndsometimesIhaveyoungpeopleapproachingmesay,"
Lan,youchangedmylife,"
andIfeelproudofthat.Butthenwearealsosofortunatetowitnessthetransformationofthewholecountry.IwasinBeijing'
sbiddingfortheOlympicGames.IwasrepresentingtheShanghaiExpo.IsawChinaembracingtheworldandviceversa.ButthensometimesI'
mthinking,whataretoday'
syounggenerationupto?
Howaretheydifferent,andwhatarethedifferencestheyaregoingtomaketoshapethefutureofChina,oratlarge,theworld?
SotodayIwanttotalkaboutyoungpeoplethroughtheplatformofsocialmedia.Firstofall,whoarethey?
[What]dotheylooklike?
WellthisisagirlcalledGuoMeimei--20yearsold,beautiful.Sheshowedoffherexpensivebags,clothesandcaronhermicroblog,whichistheChineseversionofTwitter.AndsheclaimedtobethegeneralmanagerofRedCrossattheChamberofCommerce.Shedidn'
trealizethatshesteppedonasensitivenerveandarousednationalquestioning,almostaturmoil,againstthecredibilityofRedCross.ThecontroversywassoheatedthattheRedCrosshadtoopenapressconferencetoclarifyit,andtheinvestigationisgoingon.
Sofar,asoftoday,weknowthatsheherselfmadeupthattitle--probablybecauseshefeelsproudtobeassociatedwithcharity.Allthoseexpensiveitemsweregiventoherasgiftsbyherboyfriend,whousedtobeaboardmemberinasubdivisionofRedCrossatChamberofCommerce.It'
sverycomplicatedtoexplain.Butanyway,thepublicstilldoesn'
tbuyit.Itisstillboiling.Itshowsusageneralmistrustofgovernmentorgovernment-backedinstitutions,whichlackedtransparencyinthepast.Andalsoitshowedusthepowerandtheimpactofsocialmediaasmicroblog.
Microblogboomedintheyearof2010,withvisitorsdoubledandtimespentonittripled.S,amajornewsportal,alonehasmorethan140millionmicrobloggers.OnTencent,200million.Themostpopularblogger--it'
snotme--it'
samoviestar,andshehasmorethan9.5millionfollowers,orfans.About80percentofthosemicrobloggersareyoungpeople,under30yearsold.Andbecause,asyouknow,thetraditionalmediaisstillheavilycontrolledbythegovernment,socialmediaoffersanopeningtoletthesteamoutalittlebit.Butbecauseyoudon'
thavemanyotheropenings,theheatcomingoutofthisopeningissometimesverystrong,activeandevenviolent.
Sothroughmicroblogging,weareabletounderstandChineseyouthevenbetter.Sohowaretheydifferent?
Firstofall,mostofthemwereborninthe80sand90s,undertheone-childpolicy.Andbecauseofselectedabortionbyfamilieswhofavoredboystogirls,nowwehaveendedupwith30millionmoreyoungmenthanwomen.Thatcouldposeapotentialdangertothesociety,butwhoknows;
we'
reinaglobalizedworld,sotheycanlookforgirlfriendsfromothercountries.Mostofthemhavefairlygoodeducation.TheilliteracyrateinChinaamongthisgenerationisunderonepercent.Incities,80percentofkidsgotocollege.ButtheyarefacinganagingChinawithapopulationabove65yearsoldcomingupwithseven-point-somepercentthisyear,andabouttobe15percentbytheyearof2030.Andyouknowwehavethetraditionthatyoungergenerationssupporttheeldersfinancially,andtakingcareofthemwhenthey'
resick.Soitmeansyoungcoupleswillhavetosupportfourparentswhohavealifeexpectancyof73yearsold.
Somakingalivingisnotthateasyforyoungpeople.Collegegraduatesarenotinshortsupply.Inurbanareas,collegegraduatesfindthestartingsalaryisabout400U.S.dollarsamonth,whiletheaveragerentisabove$500.Sowhatdotheydo?
Theyhavetosharespace--squeezedinverylimitedspacetosavemoney--andtheycallthemselves"
tribeofants."
Andforthosewhoarereadytogetmarriedandbuytheirapartment,theyfiguredouttheyhavetoworkfor30to40yearstoaffordtheirfirstapartment.ThatratioinAmericawouldonlycostacouplefiveyearstoearn,butinChinait'
s30to40yearswiththeskyrocketingrealestateprice.
Amongthe200millionmigrantworkers,60percentofthemareyoungpeople.Theyfindthemselvessortofsandwichedbetweentheurbanareasandtheruralareas.Mostofthemdon'
twanttogobacktothecountryside,buttheydon'
thavethesenseofbelonging.Theyworkforlongerhourswithlessincome,lesssocialwelfare.Andthey'
remorevulnerabletojoblosses,subjecttoinflation,tighteningloansfrombanks,appreciationoftherenminbi,ordeclineofdemandfromEuropeorAmericafortheproductstheyproduce.Lastyear,though,anappallingincidentinasouthernOEMmanufacturingcompoundinChina:
13youngworkersintheirlateteensandearly20scommittedsuicide,justonebyonelikecausingacontagiousdisease.Buttheydiedbecauseofalldifferentpersonalreasons.Butthiswholeincidentarousedahugeoutcryfromsocietyabouttheisolation,bothphysicalandmental,ofthesemigrantworkers.
Forthosewhodoreturnbacktothecountryside,theyfindthemselvesverywelcomelocally,becausewiththeknowledge,skillsandnetworkstheyhavelearnedinthecities,withtheassistanceoftheInternet,they'
reabletocreatemorejobs,upgradelocalagricultureandcreatenewbusinessinthelessdevelopedmarket.Soforthepastfewyears,thecoastalareas,theyfoundthemselvesinashortageoflabor.
Thesediagramsshowamoregeneralsocialbackground.ThefirstoneistheEngelscoefficient,whichexplainsthatthecostofdailynecessitieshasdroppeditspercentageallthroughthepastdecade,intermsoffamilyincome,toabout37-somepercent.Buttheninthelasttwoyears,itgoesupagainto39percent,indicatingarisinglivingcost.TheGinicoefficienthasalreadypassedthedangerouslineof0.4.Nowit'
s0.5--evenworsethanthatinAmerica--showingustheincomeinequality.Andsoyouseethiswholesocietygettingfrustratedaboutlosingsomeofitsmobility.Andalso,thebitternessandevenresentmenttowardstherichandthepowerfulisquitewidespread.Soanyaccusationsofcorruptionorbackdoordealingsbetweenauthoritiesorbusinesswouldarouseasocialoutcryorevenunrest.
Sothroughsomeofthehottesttopicsonmi