高中英语语法非谓语动词之动词不定式讲解及习题.docx

高中英语语法非谓语动词之动词不定式讲解及习题.docx

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高中英语语法非谓语动词之动词不定式讲解及习题

动词不定式

一．动词不定式的时态

一般式

进行式

完成式

完成进行式

（not）todo

（not）tobedoing

（not）tohavedone

（not）tohavebeendoing

动词不定式的动作与谓语动词的动作同时（或几乎同时）发生或发生在谓语动词动作之后

谓语动词的动作发生时，动词不定式的动作正在发生

动词不定式的动作发生在谓语动词动作或特定时间之前

动词不定式的动作在谓语动词动作之前，且一直在持续

练习：

1.I’mveryhappy（hear）thattheGermanteamwonthematch.

2.Sheissaid（study）inFrance.

据说她正在法国留学。

3.Hepretended（sleep）whenhisyoungerbrothercamein.

当他弟弟进来时，他假装在睡觉。

4.Whenyoucalledmeup,Ihappened（prepare）dinner.

你给我打电话时，我正好在做饭。

5.Youarelucky（get）ticketstothefootballmatch.

你买到了足球赛门票，真幸运。

6.Heappears（wait）hereforalongtime.

他似乎在这里等了很久。

（仍然在等待）

单选

1.Weagreedherebutsofarshehasnotturnedupyet.

A.havingmetB.meeting

C.tomeetD.tohavemet

2.CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsideredthefirstcomputer.

A.toinventB.inventing

C.tohaveinventedD.havinginvented

3.Tomhappenedwhentheyspokeillofhim.

A.passingbyB.tobepassingby

C.topassingbyD.tohavingpassedby

4.Thedoctorwarnedthepatientnottoeatsugar.I’msorry

toldyouaboutit.

A.tohavenotB.tonothave

C.nottohaveD.nothaving

5.ThecrowdcheeredwildlyatthesightofLiNa,whowassaid

amiracleinthetennis.

A.makingB.havingmade

C.tohavemadeD.make

6.Thepolicearenowsearchingforawomanwhoisreportedto

sincetheearthquakehitthearea.

A.havebeenmissingB.miss

C.bemissedD.havemissed

二．动词不定式的被动语态

一般式

完成式

tobedone

tohavebeendone

不定式动作发生在谓语动作之后或同时发生

不定式动作发生在谓语动作之前

1.Sheasked（send）toworkinTibet.

她要求被派到西藏去工作。

2.Ingeneral,peopledonotlike（makefunof）.

一般说来，人们都不喜欢被他人取笑。

3.Thebookissaid（translate）intomorethan30languages.

据说这本书已被翻译成了30多种语言。

4.Thecompanyrequireshim（go）abroadforfurtherstudy.

5.Theboyfeltannoyed（interrupt）whenhewasplayinggames.

注意：

动词不定式主动形式表示被动意义的常见情形

1.名词/代词+be+easy/difficult/fit+动词不定式

2.Therebe+名词+todo

这周有很多家庭作业要做。

3.Sbhave/get/want/need+宾语+todo

我有一些椅子要修。

4.give/show/buy/lendsbsthtodo

Hewillshowyouthewaytotake.

Pleaselendhimsomebookstoread.

5.betoblamefor

Thefirmwastoblamefortheaccident.

单选

1.Themessageisveryimportant,soitissupposedoutassoonaspossible.

A.tobesentB.tosend

C.beingsentD.sending

2.Doletyourmotherknowallthetruth.Sheappears

Everything.

A.totellB.tobetold

C.tobetellingD.tohavebeentold

3.Whenelephantseathugequantitiesofleavesandgrasses,otheranimalshavetroublefindingenoughfood.

A.tobeeatenB.eating

C.toeatD.beingeaten

4.Inmanypeople’sopinion,theCEOofthecompany,thoughrelativelyyoung,ispleasant.

A.todealwithB.dealingwith

C.tobedealtwithD.dealtwith

5.Thefluisbelievedbyvirusesthatliketoreproduceinthecellsinsidethehumannoseandthroat.

A.causeB.beingcaused

C.tobecausedD.tohavecaused

6.Itisunclearwhetherfaultydesignorpoorconstructionwas

forthecollapseofthebuilding.

A.blamingB.blamed

C.beingblamedD.toblame

三．动词不定式作主语

1.Itbe+形容词（difficult/easy/hard/important/impossible/interesting/necessary）+forsb+不定式

2.Itbe+形容词（careful/clever/wise/impolite/nice/right/wrong/bad/kind）+ofsb+不定式

3.Itbe+名词（pleasure/pity/crime/shame/honour）+不定式

4.Ittakes（sb）time+不定式

练习：

1.basicfirst-aidtechniqueswillhelpyourespondquicklytoemergencies.

A.KnownB.Havingknown

C.ToknowD.Beingknown

2.Accordingtothedoctor,wouldbegoodforyoutohaveaholiday.

A.thisB.thatC.oneD.it

3.It’sstandardpracticeforacompanylikethisoneasecurityofficer.

A.employedB.employing

C.toemployD.employs

4.takesconfidencetomakeanewstart——there’sadarkperiodin-betweenwhereyou’areneitheronethingnortheother.

A.ThatB.ThisC.OneD.It

5.Ittookalongtimefortheconnectionbetweenbodytemperatureandillness.

A.tomakeB.tobemade

C.makingD.beingmade

6.Althoughregularexerciseisveryimportant,it’sneveragoodidea

tooclosetobedtime.

A.toexercisingB.toexercise

C.exercisingD.exercises

四，动词不定式作宾语

1.agree/decline（谢绝，婉拒）/refuse/offer/promise/choose/decide/determine/intend（打算）/manage（设法）/expect/wish/tend（趋向，倾向）/mean（打算）/pretend（假装）/afford……+不定式

2.动词后接不定式和动名词的区别

stoptodo

stopdoing

remembertodo

rememberdoing

forgettodo

forgetdoing

trytodo

trydoing

goontodo

goondoing

allowsbtodo

allowdoing

regrettodo

regretdoing

meantodo

meandoing

3.有些动词后接不定式和动名词作宾语时，意思差别不大，如like/love/begin/start/prefer/continue/hate/intendtodo/doing

4.feel/find/make/think/believe/considerit+adj./n.+不定式

5.advise/decide/discuss/learn/know/show/tell+疑问词+不定式

6.①介词but/except/besides+todo

②介词but/except/besides前面有实义动词do及其各种形式时，but/except/besides