e心血管常用的医学英语词汇基础版本附录词根记忆.docx
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e心血管常用的医学英语词汇基础版本附录词根记忆
心血管常用的医学英语词汇(基础版本)
心力衰竭
Heartfailure心力衰竭
Congestivebeartfailure充血性心力衰竭
Acuteleft-sidedheartfailure急性左心衰竭
Chroincheartfailure慢性心力衰竭
Intractableheartfailure难治性心力衰竭
Systolicinsufficiencyheartfailure收缩功能不全性心力衰竭
Diastolicinsufficiencyheartfailure舒张功能不全性心力衰竭
Congestiveheartfailure充血性心力衰竭
Cardiacdysfunction心功能障碍
心律失常
Arrhythmia(cardiacarrhythmia)心律失常
Triggeredactivity触发活动
Afterdepolarization后除极
a.窦房结
SinusnoderecoverytimeSNRT窦房结恢复时间
SinoatrialconductiontimeSACT窦房传导时间
Bradycardia心动过缓
Tachycardia心动过速
Sinustachycardia窦性心动过速
Sinusbradycardia窦性心动过缓
Sinuspause(sinusarrest)窦性停搏(窦性静止)
sinoatrialblock窦房阻滞(Mobitz莫氏,Wenckebach文氏)
Sicksinussyndrome(SSS)病(态)窦(房结)综合征
Bradycardia-tachycardiasyndrome心动过缓-心动过速综合征
b.心房
Atrialprematurebeats房性期前收缩
Atrialtachycardia房性心动过速
Intrinsicheartrate固有心率
Automaticatrialtachycardia自律性房性心动过速
Reentrantatrialtachycardia折返性房性心动过速
Chaoticatrialtachycardia紊乱性房性心动过速
ParoxysmalatrialtachycardiawithAVblock(PATwithblock)伴有房室阻滞的阵发性房性心动过速
Multifocalatrialtachycardia多源性房性心动过速
Atrialflutter心房扑动
Atrialfibrillation心房颤动
c.房室交界区性
Prematureatrioventricularjunctionalbeats房室交界区性期前收缩
AVjunctionalescapebeats房室交界区性逸搏
AVjunctionalrhythm房室交界区性心律
Nonparoxysmalatrioventricularjunctionaltachycardia非阵发性房室交界区性心动过速
Paroxysmalsupraventriculartachycardia(PSVT)阵发性室上性心动过速
AtrioventricularNodalReentrantTachycardia(AVNRT)房室结内折返性心动过速
AtrioventricularReentrantTachycardia(AVNRT)房室返性心动过速
Preexcitationsyndrome(Wolff-Parkinson-Whitesyndrome)预激综合征(WPW综合征)
d.心室
Prematureventricularbeats室性期前收缩
Ventricularparasystole室性并行心律
Ventriculartachycardia室性心动过速
Acceleratedidioventricularrhythm加速性心室自主节律
Torsadesdepointes尖端扭转
Ventricularflutter心室扑动
Ventricularfibrillation心室颤动
Atrioventricularblock房室传导阻滞
Wenckebachblock文氏阻滞
Adame-Strokessyndrom阿-斯综合征
Intraventricularblock室内传导阻滞
Rightbundlebranchblock右束支传导阻滞
Leftbundlebranchblock左束支传导阻滞
Leftanteriorfascicularblock左前分支传导阻滞
Leftposteriorfascicularblock左后分支传导阻滞
Bifascicularblock双分支阻滞
Trifascicularblock三分支阻滞
心脏骤停与猝死
suddencardiacdeath心脏性猝死
Cardiacarrest心脏骤停
Pulselesselectricalactivity(PEA)无脉性电活动
高血压
Hypertension高血压
Hypertensiveurgencyes高血压急症
Hypertensivecrisis高血压危象
Hypertensiveemergencies高血压危症
Secondaryhypertension继发性高血压
Primaryhypertension原发性高血压
“Whitecoat”hypertension白大衣性高血压
Isolatedsystolichypertension单纯收缩期高血压
Arteriolosclerosis小动脉硬化
先心病
Congenitalheartdisease先天性心脏病
Congenitalcardiovasculardisease先天性心血管病
Pulmonicstenosis肺动脉狭窄
Isolatedpulmonicstenosis单纯肺动脉口狭窄
Coarctationoftheaorta主动脉缩窄
Idiopathicdilatationofthepulmonaryartery单纯肺动脉扩张
Primarypulmonaryhypertension原发性肺动脉高压
Persistentleftsuperiorvenacava双侧上腔静脉(左上腔静脉残存)
Isolateddextrocardia孤立性右位心
Atrialseptaldefect房间隔缺损
Partialanomalouspulmonaryvenousdrainage部分性肺静脉畸形引流
Ventricularseptaldefect(VSD)室间隔缺损
Eisenmenger’ssyndrome艾森门格综合征
Patentductusarteriosus(PDA)动脉导管未闭
TetralogyofFallot法洛四联症
TrilogyofFallot法洛三联症
Completetranspositionofthegreatvessels完全性大血管错位
Atrialseptaldefect(ASD)房间隔缺损
心脏瓣膜病
Multivalveheartdisease多瓣膜疾病
Mitralvalvedisease二尖瓣疾病
Pulmonicvalvedisease肺动脉瓣疾病
Tricuspidvalvedisease三尖瓣疾病
Ebstein’sanomaly三尖瓣下移畸形
Dysfunctionorruptureofpapillarymuscle乳头肌功能失调或断裂
Aorticvalvedisease主动脉瓣疾病
Aorticarchsyndrome主动脉弓综合征
Valvularheartdisease心脏瓣膜病
rheumaticheartdisease风湿性心脏病
Rheumaticfever风湿热
Rheumaticcarditis风湿性心脏炎
Mitralstenosis二尖瓣狭窄
Mitralincompetence二尖瓣关闭不全
Acutemitralinsufficiency急性二尖瓣关闭不全
Chronicmitralinsufficiency慢性二尖瓣关闭不全
Marfan’ssyndrom马凡氏综合征
Aorticstenosis主动脉瓣狭窄
Aorticincompetence主动脉瓣关闭不全
Chronicaorticinsufficiency慢性主动脉瓣关闭不全
Tricuspidstenosis三尖瓣狭窄
Tricuspidincompetence三尖瓣关闭不全
Pulmonarystenosis肺动脉瓣狭窄
Pulmonaryincompetence肺动脉瓣关闭不全
冠心病
Atherosclerosis动脉粥样硬化
Coronaryatheroscleroticheartdisease冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病
Coronaryheartdisease冠状动脉性心脏病
Anginapectoris心绞痛
Stableanginapectoris稳定型心绞痛
Unstableanginapectoris不稳定心绞痛
Initialonsetanginapectoris初发型心绞痛
Acceleratedanginapectoris恶化型心绞痛
Variantanginapectoris(Prinzmetal’svariantanginapectoris)变异型心绞痛
Anginadecubitus卧位心绞痛
Acutecoronaryinsufficiency急性冠状动脉功能不全
Postinfarctionanginapectoris梗塞后心绞痛
Acutecoronarysyndrome(ACS)急性冠脉综合征
Myocardialinfarction(MI)心肌梗死
Acutemyocardialinfarction(AMI)急性心肌梗死
Dysfunctionofpapillarymuscle乳头肌功能失调
Ruptureofpapillarymuscle乳头肌断裂
Ruptureoftheheart心脏破裂
Embolism栓塞
Cardiacaneurysm心脏室壁瘤
Postinfarctionsyndrome心肌梗死后综合征
Latentcoronaryheartdisease无症状型冠心病(隐性冠心病)
Ischemiccardiomyopathy缺血性心肌病
Suddendeath猝死
感染性心内膜炎
Infectiveendocarditis(IE)感染性心内膜炎
Nativevalveendocarditis自体瓣膜心内膜炎
Protheticvalveendocarditis人工瓣膜心内膜炎
Endocarditisinintravenousdrugabusers静脉药瘾者心内膜炎
Acuteinfectiveendocarditics(AIE)急性感染性心内膜炎
SubacuteInfectiveendocarditis亚急性感染性心内膜炎
心肌疾病
Specificcardiomyopathy特异性心肌病
Viralmyocarditis病毒性心肌炎
Hypertrophiccardiomyopathy(HCM)肥厚性心肌病
Asymmetricseptalhypertrophy(ASH)非对称性室间隔肥厚
Restrictivecardiomyopathy(RCM)限制性心肌病
Dilatedcardiomyopathy(DCM)扩张型心肌病
Alcoholiccardiomyopathy酒精性心肌病
Peripartumcardiomyopathy围生期心肌病
Drug-inducedcardiomyopathy药物性心肌病
Keshandisease(KD)克山病
Endemiccardiomyopathy(ECD)地方性心肌病
Cardiomyopathies心肌疾病
Myocardialbridging心肌桥
Myocarditis心肌炎
Rightventricularcardiomyopathy右室心肌病
Arrhythmogenicrightventricularcardiomyopathy(ARVC)致心律失常型右室心肌病
Unclassifiedcardiomyopathies,UCM)
心包疾病
Purulentpericarditis化脓性心包炎
Acutepericarditis急性心包炎
Tuberculouspericarditis结核性心包炎
Constrictivepericarditis缩窄性心包炎
血管疾病
Peripheralarteriosclerosisobliteration闭塞性周围动脉粥样硬化
Primaryarteritisoftheaortaanditsmainbranches多发性大动脉炎
Raynaudsyndrome雷诺综合征
Pulnessdisease无脉病
Thromboangitisobliterans血栓闭塞性脉管炎
Thrombophlebitis血栓性静脉炎
Aorticdissection主动脉夹层
其它疾病
SyndromeX
Cardiogenicshock心原性休克
Postpericardiostomysyndrome心肌损伤后综合征
Pulmonaryembolism肺动脉栓塞
Syncope晕厥
Syphliticcardiovasculardisease梅毒性心血管病
Cardiovascularneurosis心脏血管神经官能症
药物
Vasodilator血管扩张剂(phlebectasis静脉扩张,arteriectasis动脉扩张)
Diuretic利尿剂(thiazidediuretic噻嗪类利尿剂;loopdiuretic袢利尿剂;potassium-sparingdiuretics保钾利尿剂)
inotropicagent正性肌力药(digitalispreparation洋地黄制剂;adrenergicreceptorstimulant肾上腺素能受体兴奋剂;
phosphodiesteraseinhibitor磷酸二酯酶抑制剂)
Angiotensinconvertingenzymeinhibitor(ACEinhibitors)(ACEI)血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂
Aldosteroneantagonist醛固酮拮抗剂
Betaadrenergicreceptorblocker(betablockers)ß肾上腺素能受体阻滞剂
Calciumchannelblocker(CCB)钙通道阻滞剂
AngiotensionⅡantagonist(AngiotensionⅡreceptorblocker)血管紧张素Ⅱ受体阻滞剂
Alphablockersα1受体阻滞剂
Nitroglycerin硝酸甘油
Digoxin地高辛
LanatosideC西地兰
antiarrhythicdrugs抗心律失常药
lidocaine利多卡因
Propafenone普罗帕酮
Amiodarone胺碘酮
调脂药降脂药
HMG-CoAreductaseinhibitorsHMG-CoA还原酶抑制剂
Nicotinicacid烟酸
Clofibrate氯贝丁酯
抗血小板药物
溶栓药
recombinanttissuetypeplasminogenactivator,rt-PA重组组织型纤维蛋白酶原激活剂
抗凝药
操作
interventionaltherapyforcardiovasculardiseases心血管病介入性治疗
HolterECGmonitoring动态心电图
Ultrasoundangioplasty超声消融术
Directionalcoronaryatherectomy定向旋切术
Highfrequencyrotationalatherectomy高频旋磨术
Laserangioplasty激光血管成形术
Catheterablation心导管消融
Radiofrequencycatheterablation经导管射频消融
Percutaneousballoonmitralvalvuloplasty(PBMV)经皮穿刺球囊二尖瓣成形术
Percutaneousballoonpulmonicvalvuloplasty(PBPV)经皮穿刺球囊肺动脉瓣成形术
Percutaneoustransluminalseptialmyocardialablation,(PTSMA)经皮经腔间隔心肌消融术
Percutaneoustransluminalcoronaryangioplasty(PTCA)经皮穿刺腔内冠状动脉成形术
Percutaneousintracoronarystentimplantation经皮穿刺冠状动脉内支架安置术
TransluminalExtractioncatheter(TEC)经皮血管内切吸导管
Artificialcardiacpacing人工心脏起搏
Multisitecardiacpacing多部位心脏起搏
Biatrialpacing双心房起搏
biventricularpacing双心室起搏
bifocalpacing双灶起搏
Hearttransplantation心脏移植
Angiojetrheolyticthrombectomy新鲜血栓吸引术
Uprighttilt-tabletesting直立倾斜试验
Implantablecardioverterdefibrillator(ICD)置入型心律转复除颤器
Thumpversion捶击复律
Cough-version咳嗽复律
Cardioversion心脏电复律
Defibrillation心脏电除颤
Revascularization血管重建
其它
Hemolyticstreptococcus甲族乙型溶血性链球菌
Antithymocyteglobulin(ATG)抗胸腺细胞球蛋白
Vagusnerve迷走神经,
Brainstemdeath脑干死亡
Braindeath脑死亡
Myocardialremodeling心肌重塑
Hemodynamics血液动力学
Atrialnatriureticfactor(ANF)心钠素
Vasopressin血管加压素,抗利尿激素
Bradykinin缓激肽
Triggeredactivity触发活动
Afterdepolarization后除极
Lateventricularpotential心室晚电位
Sinusnoderecoverytime(SNRT)窦房结恢复时间
Sinoatrialconductiontime(SACT)窦房传导时间
Intrinsicheartrate固有心率
Accessoryatrioventricularpathways房室旁路
Atriohisiantracts房希氏束
Nodoventricularfibers结-室纤维
Fasciculoventricularfibers分支室纤维
Insulinresistance胰岛素抵抗
Vasodepressorresponse血管减压反应
Pulsustardus细迟脉
MinimumInhibitoryconcentration(MIC)最小抑菌浓度
Systolicanteriormotion(SAM)(二尖瓣前叶)收缩期前向运动
Intermittentclaudication间歇性跛行
附录:
心血管系统词汇的基本构成
本文主要总结介绍了心血管系统常用的词汇的构成,以及主要的词根、词干及前后缀,希望对心血管科研医务人员有所裨益。
1基本词根
C1.z.s词根或词干是复合词的核心,主要来源于希腊语和拉丁语。
当词根或词干之间相连接或后接后缀时,若连接处无元音字母,需加上连接元音字母0或i,因此,字典中通常列举的是词根/词干+连接元音字母所组成的构词形,这里主要列举出构词形、词义及相关的例词。
cardio:
heart心脏(electrocardiogram心电图,cardiolo—gy心脏病学)
corono:
crown,theheart冠,心脏(coronarybypass冠状动脉搭桥术)
aorto:
aorta主动脉(aortosclerosis主动脉硬化)
atrio:
cavity,atrium心房(atrioseptop1asty房间隔修补术)
ventrio:
ventricle心室(intraventricu1arblock室内传导阻滞)
angio:
vessel血管(angiogram血管造影术)
vasolavessel血管(vasoconstrictor血管收缩剂)
artero:
artery动脉(arteri0stenosis动脉狭窄)
veno:
vein静脉(venostasis静脉淤滞)
phlebo:
vein静脉(thrombophlebitis血栓性静脉炎)
stetho:
chest胸(stethoscope听诊器stethalgia胸痛)
thoraco:
chest胸(thoracomyodynia胸肌痛)
sphygmo:
pulse脉搏(sphygmomanometer血压计,sphygmopalpation切脉)
hemo:
blood血(hemorrhage出血)
hemato:
blood血(hematuria血尿)
plasmo:
plasma血浆(plasmapheresis血浆除去法)
thrombo:
clot血块(thrombosis血