甘肃省天水市兰州市届高三下学期一模考试英语试题.docx
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甘肃省天水市兰州市届高三下学期一模考试英语试题
第I卷
第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
A
TylerwasborninfectedwithHIVandhismotherwasalsoinfected.Fromtheverybeginningofhislife,hewasdependentonmedications(药物)toenablehimtosurvive.Whenhewasfive,hehadatubesurgically(外科手术上)insertedinavein(静脉)inhischest.Thistubewasconnectedtoapump,whichhecarriedinasmallbackpackonhisback.Medicationswereconnectedtothispumpandwerecontinuouslysuppliedthroughthistubetohisbloodstream.Attimes,healsoneededsupplementedoxygentosupporthisbreathing.
Tylerwasn'twillingtogiveuponesinglemomentofhischildhoodtothisdeadlydisease.Itwasnotunusualtofindhimplayingandracingaroundhisbackyard,wearinghisbackpackanddragginghistankofoxygenbehindhiminhislittlewagon(小推车).AllofuswhoknewTylerwereamazedathispurejoyinbeingaliveandtheenergyitgavehim.Tyler'smomoftenmadejokesonhimbytellinghimthathemovedsofastsheneededtodresshiminred.Thatway,whenshepeeredthroughthewindowtocheckonhimplayingintheyard,shecouldquicklyspothim.
Thisterriblediseaseeventuallyworehimdown.Hegrewquiteilland,unfortunately,sodidhisHIV-infectedmother.Whenitbecameclearthathewasn'tgoingtosurvive,Tyler'smomtalkedtohimaboutdeath.ShecomfortedhimbytellingTylerthatshewasdyingtoo,andthatshewouldbewithhimsooninheaven.
Afewdaysbeforehisdeath,Tylerbeckoned(召唤)meovertohishospitalbedandwhispered,"Imightdiesoon.I'mnotscared.WhenIdie,pleasedressmeinred.Mompromisedshe'scomingtoheaven,too.I'llbeplayingwhenshegetsthere,andIwanttomakesureshecanfindme."
1.WhydidTylerwearabackpackonhisbackwhenhewasyoung?
A.Becausehismothergaveittohimasagift.
B.Becausehehadnorighttochoosebuttowearit.
C.Becausehewantedtobedifferentfromtheotherkids.
D.Becausetherewasapumpinit,whichcouldhelpwithhisdisease.
2.Tyleraskedthewritertodresshiminredwhenhediedinorderto________.
A.showredishisfavoritecolor.
B.seethewriteragaininthehospital.
C.makehismotherrecognizehimeasily.
D.persuadehismothertokeepherpromise.
3.What’sTyler’sattitudetowardsdeath?
A.Excited.B.Fearful.C.Doubtful.D.Optimistic.
4.Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellusbywritingthispassage?
A.Evenachildcanteachusalot.
B.Patientsshouldbetreatedwithrespect.
C.Peopleshouldhavegreatcouragetofacetheproblems.
D.WeshouldtryourbesttohelpthosewhoareinfectedwithHIV.
【答案】1.D2.C3.D4.C
B
Wecanachieveknowledgeeitheractivelyorpassively.Weachieveitactivelybydirectexperience,bytestingandprovinganidea,orbyreasoning.
Weachieveknowledgepassivelybybeingtoldbysomeoneelse.MostofthelearningthattakesplaceintheclassroomandthekindthathappenswhenwewatchTVorreadnewspapersormagazinesispassive.Conditionedaswearetopassivelearning,it’snotsurprisingthatwedependonitinoureverydaycommunicationwithfriendsandco-workers.
Unfortunately,passivelearninghasaseriousproblem.Itmakesustendtoacceptwhatwearetoldevenwhenitislittlemorethanhearsay(传闻)andrumor.
DidyoueverplaythegameRumor?
Itbeginswhenonepersonwritesdownamessagebutdoesn’tshowittoanyone.Thenthepersonwhispersit,wordforword,toanotherperson.Thatperson,inturn,whispersittostillanother,andsoon,throughallthepeopleplayingthegame.Thelastpersonwritesdownthemessagewordforwordasheorshehearsit.Thenthetwowrittenstatementsarecompared.Typically,theoriginalmessagehaschanged.
That’swhathappensindailylife.Thesimplefactthatpeoplerepeatastoryintheirownwordschangesthestory.Then,too,mostpeoplelistenimperfectly.Andmanyenjoyaddingtheirowncreativetouchtoastory,tryingtoimproveonit,stampingitwiththeirownpersonalstyle.Yetthosewhohearitthinktheyknow.
Thisprocessisalsofoundamongscholarsandauthors:
Astatementofopinionbyonewritermayberestatedasfactbyanother,whomayinturnbequotedbyyetanother;andthisprocessmaycontinue,unlessitoccurstosomeonetoquestionthefactsonwhichtheoriginalwriterbasedhisopinionortochallengetheinterpretationheplaceduponthosefacts.
5.Accordingtothepassage,activelearningmayoccurin________.
A.readingscientificjournals
B.listeningtotheteacherinclass
C.doingachemicalexperiment
D.watchingnewsprogrammesonTV
6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph2referto?
A.Classroom.B.Newspapers.C.Activelearning.D.Passivelearning.
7.ThegameRumorismentionedinParagraph4inordertotellreadersthat________.
A.playinggamescanmakepeoplemoreactive
B.peopletendtoliketellinglieswhenplayinggames
C.amessagemaybechangedwhenbeingpassedon
D.peoplemayhaveproblemswiththeirsenseofhearing
8.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?
A.Scholarsandauthorscan’tbetrusted.
B.Passivelearningmaynotbereliable.
C.Peoplelikespreadingrumorsindailylife.
D.ActivelearningismoreImportantthanpassivelearning.
【答案】5.C6.D7.C8.B
C
Fourgreatrailwayjourneys
Travellingbyrailholdsaromanticandold-fashionedappealthatcan’tbematchedbyflyingordriving.Bytakingtheslowroute,yougettoexperienceandinteractwithanareainacompletelydifferentway.
TheRockyMountaineer
Where:
Canada,fromVancouvertoBanff,JasperandCalgary.
When:
InJune,whichisspringtimeintheRockies,completewithbloomingflowersandabundantwildlife.
Duration:
betweentwoandeightdays,travellingonlyindaylight,stayinginluxuryhotels.
Highlights:
SplendidviewsofRockymountains,incredibleluxuryateverystageofthetrip,traditionalnativestorytelling,wineclassesandnaturalhistoryworkshop.
TheChepe
Where:
Mexico.ItbeginsitsjourneyinthemountainsofChihuahuaandfinishesontheSinaloacoast.
When:
Intherainyseason,fromJunetoOctober,you’llgetlushvegetation(丰富的植被)andbloomingcacti(仙人掌),althoughmid-summer(July)temperaturescanreach44°C.
Duration:
Doingtheroutestraightthroughtakes14hours,butyou’llwanttostopoffovernightandexploretraditionaltownsalongtheway.
Highlights:
Thetrainwindsitswaydownthrough656kmofthespectacularCopperCanyon(whichisdeeperthantheGrandCanyon),over37precarious-lookingbridgesandthrough86tunnels.Localpeoplesellcraftsandfoodsalongtheroute.
TheGhan
Where:
Australia,fromAdelaidetoDarwinviaAliceSprings.
When:
Goingduringthewetseason(December,January)willallowyoutoseemorewildlifeandtropicalsplendourinthenorth,thoughpeakseasonisusuallythewinter.
Duration:
Goingstraightthroughtakes52hours.Therearedisembarkationpoints(登陆点)fromwhichyoucantaketours.
Highlights:
GoingthroughAustralia’sRedCentrewithcobalt-blueskies,redearthandnotmuchelse—abeautifulandserene(宁静的)experience.
TheRoyalScotsman
Where:
TravelsaroundtheScottishHighlandsorallthewayaroundGreatBritain.
When:
Warmerweatherandupto20hoursofdaylightinJunemakesittheperfecttimetowatchospreyssoaring(鱼鹰飞翔)overmirror-likelochs(湖),orgoinOctoberforautumncoloursandtherathervocalstag-ruttingseason.
Duration:
Tripscanbeasshortastwodaysoraslongasseven.Highlights:
Possiblythemostexpensivetrainjourneyintheworld.You’llbetreatedlikeamemberofthemonarchy(皇室).Indulgent(放纵的)cuisine,finewinesandcarriagesthatlooklikeroomsatBalmoralCastleawaitthosewillingtopartwithaminimumof£2350perpersonforatwo-nighttrip.
9.Whichofthefollowingjourneyhastheshortestduration?
A.TheChepe.B.TheGhan.
C.TheRockymountaineer.D.TheRoyalscotsman.
10.Visitorsmayhavetheopportunitytotrysomewinein________.
A.TheRoyalscotsmanandTheChepe
B.TheRoyalscotsmanandTheGhan
C.TheRockymountaineerandTheChepe
D.TheRockymountaineerandTheRoyalScotsman
11.IfaChinesefamilywantstohaveatravelduringtheSpringFestival,whichonewouldbesuitableforthem?
A.TheChepe.B.TheGhan.C.TheRockymountaineer.D.TheRoyalscotsman.
【答案】9.A10.D11.B
【名师点睛】
细节理解题是高考英语阅读理解题中的一个重要考查题型,在题型比例中占有很大的比例。
要求考生具有快速寻找信息的能力,采用针对性方法进行阅读。
根据写作模式及有关信息词,将精力放在你需要的细节上,快速通篇跳读,直到找出你所需要的信息。
例如第2题问题是你在哪条线路能尝试酒,就在这几条线路中查找有关酒的信息。
发现只有在第一条线路中提到可以在那里参加有关酒类的课,所以应该在这条线路中能尝试酒。
再比如第1题问那一条线路持续时间最短,将每条线路中时间找出,再稍作对比即可。
细节理解题要求仔细认真。
D
Mostepisodesofabsent-minded-forgettingwhereyouleftsomethingorwonderingwhyyoujustenteredaroom—arecausedbyasimplelackofattention,saysSchacter.“You’resupposedtoremembersomething,butyouhaven’tencodeditdeeply.”
Encoding,Schacterexplains,isaspecialwayofpayingattentiontoaneventthathasamajorimpactonrecallingitlater.Failuretoencodeproperlycancreateannoyingsituation.Ifyouputyourmobilephoneinapocket,forexample,anddon’tpayattentiontowhatyoudidbecauseyou’reinvolvedinaconversation,you’llprobablyforgetthatthephoneisinthejacketnowhanginginyourwardrobe(衣柜).“Yourmemoryitselfisn’tfailingyou,”saysSchacter,“Rather,youdidn’tgiveyourmemorysystemtheinformationitneeded.”
Lackofinterestcanalsoleadtoabsent-mindedness.“Amanwhorecitesportsstatisticsfrom30yearsago,”saysZelinski,“maynotremembertodropaletterinthemailbox.”Womenhaveslightlybettermemoriesthanmen,possiblybecausetheyaremoreinterestedinwhat’shappeningaroundthem,andmemoryreliesonjustthat.
Visualcues(提示)canhelppreventabsent-