考研英语一完型填空英语知识应用讲义文档格式.docx
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Thissuggestthatdimmerbulbsburnlonger,thatthereisan_________innotbeingtoobright.
A.tendencyB.advantageC.inclinationD.priority
atendencyfor/todos.th
anadvantagein
aninclinationfor
takepriorityovers.th
例3
Negativeattitudestowardobesity,groundedinhealthconcerns,havestimulatedanumberofanti-obesity______.Myownhospitalsystemhasbannedsugarydrinksfromitsfacilities.Manyemployershaveinstitutedweightlossandfitnessinitiatives.MichelleObamahaslaunchedahigh-visibilitycampaign……
A.discussionsB.businessC.policiesD.studies
我的医院禁止含糖饮料
很多雇主开展减肥和健身活动
米歇尔奥巴马发起……运动
（三）固定搭配
例4
MichelleObamahaslaunchedahigh-visibilitycampaign_______childhoodobesity,evenclaimingthatitrepresentsourgreatestnationalsecuritythreat.
A.forB.againstC.withD.without
固定搭配+常识判断。
五．应对方法
1.答题顺序：
跳过空格，通读全文——左顾右盼，寻找答案——检查答案，纠错防漏
2.做题方法：
上蹿下跳，左顾右盼（本质是用已经信息推断出未知信息）
3.甄别方法：
找关联词
4.关键能力：
语义衔接+语义甄别
六．答题技巧
1.难易相间法。
句首或者句尾的空格，一般较为容易选出（往往都是逻辑关系词）。
一句话的最后一个单词空格，要看后句；
一句话的第一个单词空格，就看前句。
（一般会用最后一个单词空格的方式）
例5
Weighingyourselfregularlyisawonderfulwaytostayawareofanysignificantweightfluctuations.______,whendonetoooften,thishabitcansometimeshurtmorethanit______.
A．besidesB.thereforeC.otherwiseD.However
A.helpsB.caresC.warnsD.reduces
2.选项锁定法。
选项中有两个正反答案，那么必选其一。
例6
Anumberofstudieshaveconcludedthatnormal-weightpeopleareinfactathigherriskofsomediseasescomparedtothosewhoareoverweight.Andtherearehealthconditionsforwhichbeingoverweightisactually_______.
A.protectiveB.dangerousC.sufficientD.troublesome
3.关联词答题法。
例7
Forexample,manycollegiateandprofessionalfootballplayersqualifyasobese,thoughtheirpercentagebodyfatislow.Conversely,someonewithasmallframemayhavehighbodyfatbuta______BMI.
A.strangeB.changeableC.normalD.constant
（请注意，but后不会给你出简单的题目，让你直接填high）
例8
Justsevenyearsago,theTexasLegislatureprescribedthatallhighschoolersmustpasstwomathcoursesandgeometrytograduate.Thissummer,thestatereversedcourse,easingits__1__math,science,andsocialstudiesrequirementsto__2__classtimeforjobtraining.
1.A.specialB.vitalC.strictD.absurd
2.A.freeupB.getbyC.passupD.drainon
附：
英语中常见的10大类逻辑关系词
1.表列举——例如：
suchas……，forexample,forinstance,tonameafew……,including
2.表原因——因为：
because,becauseof,as,since,for,inthat,nowthat,owingto,thanksto,dueto,onaccountof,given,considering,asaresultof……,accordingto……
3.表结果——所以：
so,sothat,suchthat,asaresult,consequently,therefore,thus,hence,forthisreason，leadto,accordingly
4.表让步——虽然：
though,although,eventhough,evenif,inspiteof,despite，whereas,muchas,as,while
5.表对比——而：
but,however,yet,nevertheless,incomparison,conversely,bycontrast,onthecontrary,against,insteadof,ratherthan
6.表时间顺序——先后：
then,after,before,following,priorto
7.表目的——为了：
inorderto,sothat,withaviewto,inorderthat,soasto,forthepurposeof,inhopeof,lest
8.表条件——假如：
if，supposing,incase,intheeventthat,aslongas,provided,onconditionthat,unless
9.表并列——也，and,aswellas,similarly,simultaneously,also
10.表递进——此外：
inaddition,besides,additionally,apartfrom，furthermore,indeed,moreover,still,inparticular
七．真题训练
AncientGreekphilosopherAristotleviewedlaughteras“abodilyexerciseprecioustohealth.”But---_1_someclaimstothecontrary,laughingprobablyhaslittleinfluenceonphysicalfitness.Laughterdoes_2__short-termchangesinthefunctionoftheheartanditsbloodvessels,_3_heartrateandoxygenconsumptionButbecausehardlaughterisdifficultto_4_,agoodlaughisunlikelytohave__5__benefitstheway,say,walkingorjoggingdoes.
__6__,insteadofstrainingmusclestobuildthem,asexercisedoes,laughterapparentlyaccomplishesthe__7__,studiesdatingbacktothe1930’sindicatethatlaughter__8__muscles,decreasingmuscletoneforupto45minutesafterthelaughdiesdown.
Suchbodilyreactionmightconceivablyhelp_9__theeffectsofpsychologicalstress.Anyway,theactoflaughingprobablydoesproduceothertypesof__10___feedback,thatimproveanindividual’semotionalstate._11__oneclassicaltheoryofemotion,ourfeelingsarepartiallyrooted____12___physicalreactions.Itwasarguedattheendofthe19thcenturythathumansdonotcry___13___theyaresadbuttheybecomesadwhenthetearsbegintoflow.
Althoughsadnessalso_14_tears,evidencesuggeststhatemotionscanflow_15_muscularresponses.Inanexperimentpublishedin1988,socialpsychologistFritzStrackoftheUniversityofWü
rzburginGermanyaskedvolunteersto_16_apeneitherwiththeirteeth-therebycreatinganartificialsmile–orwiththeirlips,whichwouldproducea（n）_17__expression.Thoseforcedtoexercisetheirsmilingmuscles_18_moreexuberantlytofunnycartoonsthandidthosewhosemouthswerecontractedinafrown,__19__thatexpressionsmayinfluenceemotionsratherthanjusttheotherwayaround.__20__,thephysicalactoflaughtercouldimprovemood.
1.[A]among[B]except[C]despite[D]like
2.[A]reflect[B]demand[C]indicate[D]produce
3.[A]stabilizing[B]boosting[C]impairing[D]determining
4.[A]transmit[B]sustain[C]evaluate[D]observe
5.[A]measurable[B]manageable[C]affordable[D]renewable
6.[A]Inturn[B]Infact[C]Inaddition[D]Inbrief
7.[A]opposite[B]impossible[C]average[D]expected
8.[A]hardens[B]weakens[C]tightens[D]relaxes
9.[A]aggravate[B]generate[C]moderate[D]enhance
10.[A]physical[B]mental[C]subconscious[D]internal
11.[A]Exceptfor[B]Accordingto[C]Dueto[D]Asfor
12.[A]with[B]on[C]in[D]at
13.[A]unless[B]until[C]if[D]because
14.[A]exhausts[B]follows[C]precedes[D]suppresses
15.[A]into[B]from[C]towards[D]beyond
16.[A]fetch[B]bite[C]pick[D]hold
17.[A]disappointed[B]excited[C]joyful[D]indifferent
18.[A]adapted[B]catered[C]turned[D]reacted
19.[A]suggesting[B]requiring[C]mentioning[D]supposing
20.[A]Eventually[B]Consequently[C]Similarly[D]Conversely
The
ethical
judgments
of
the
Supreme
Court
justices
have
become
an
important
issue
recently.
court
cannot
_1_
its
legitimacy
as
guardian
rule
law
_2_
behave
like
politicians.
Yet,
in
several
instances,
acted
ways
that
_3_
court’s
reputation
for
being
independent
and
impartial.
Justice
Antonin
Scalia,
example,
appeared
at
political
events.
That
kind
activity
makes
it
less
likely
decisions
will
be
_4_
impartial
judgments.
Part
problem
is
thatthe
are
not
_5_by
ethics
code.
At
very
least,
should
make
itself
_6_to
thecode
conduct
_7_to
rest
federal
judiciary.
This
other
similar
cases
_8_the
question
whether
there
still
a
_9_between
politics.
framers
Constitution
envisioned
_10_having
authority
apart
from
politics.
They
gave
permanent
positions
_11_they
would
free
to
_12_
those
power
no
need
_13_
support.
Our
legal
system
was
designed
set
politics
precisely
because
they
so
closely
_14_.
Constitutional
results
choices
rooted
fundamental
social
_15_
liberty
property.
When
deals
with
policy
decisions,
_16_
isinescapably
political-which
why
split
along
ideological
lines
easily
_17_
unjust.
must
_18_
doubts
about
by
making
themselves
_19_
code
conduct.
rulings
more
seen
separate
and,
_20_,convincing
law.
1.
[A]emphasize
[B]maintain
[C]modify
[D]
recognize
2.
[A]when[B]lest
[C]before
unless
3.
[A]restored
[B]weakened
[C]established[D]
eliminated
4.
[A]challenged
[B]compromised
[C]suspected
accepted
5.
[A]advanced
[B]caught[C]bound[D]founded
6.
[A]resistant
[B]subject
[C]immune
[D]prone
7.
[A]resorts[B]sticks
[C]loads
[D]applies
8.
[A]evade
[B]raise
[C]deny
[D]settle
9.
[A]line
[B]barrier
[C]similarity
[D]conflict
10.
[A]by
[B]as
[C]though
[D]towards
11.
[A]so
[B]since
[C]provided
[D]though
12.
[A]serve
[B]satisfy[C]upset
[D]replace
13.
[A]confirm
[B]express
[C]cultivate
[D]offer
14.
[A]guarded
[B]followed
[C]studied
[D]tied
15.
[A]concepts
[B]theories
[C]divisions
[D]conventions
16.
[A]excludes
[B]questions
[C]shapes
[D]controls
17.
[A]dismissed
[B]released
[C]ranked
[D]distorted
18.
[A]suppress
[B]exploit
[C]address
[D]ignore
19.
[A]accessible
[B]amiable
[C]agreeable
[D]accountable
20.
all
means[B]atall
costs
[C]in
word
[D]as
result
Peopleare,onthewhole,pooratconsideringbackgroundinformationwhenmakingindividualdecisions.Atfirstglancethismightseemlikeastrengththat__1__theabilitytomakejudgmentswhichareunbiasedby__2__factors.ButDr.UriSimonsohnspeculatedt
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