中考宾语从句讲解及练习文档格式.docx

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中考宾语从句讲解及练习文档格式.docx

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中考宾语从句讲解及练习文档格式.docx

如:

Idon’tthink(that)youareright.

Pleasetelluswhereheis.

CanyoutellmehowIcangettotherailwaystation?

2.如果主句的时态是一般过去时,宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态(一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时,

过去完成时)。

Heaskedwhattimeitwas.

Hetoldmethathewaspreparingforthesportsmeet.

HeaskedifyouhadwrittentoPeter.

HesaidthathewouldgobacktotheU.S.soon.

3.如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理,其时态常用一般现在时。

OurteachersaidthatJanuaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.

Scientistshaveprovedthattheearthturnsaroundthesun.

that

主句的谓语动词是say,think,tell,know,hear,see,feel,mean,hope,wish,remember,forget等时,或主句的谓语动词是由形容词afraid,glad,sure,sorry等作表语的系表结构时,后面常接that引导的宾语从句。

e.g.Hesaysthathewantstospeaktotheheadmaster.

I’msorry(that)heisn’thererightnow.

宾语从句需要注意的一些点:

1. 

 

that的省略:

that引导的宾语从句用来陈述事实,that本身无词义,在从句中不作任何成分,在口语中或非正式文体中常常可被省略。

e.g.Iguess(that)somebodyelsehasborrowedit.

I’mafraid(that)you’llhavetowait.

以下情况下不能省略that

  A.当主句谓语动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时,可以省略第一个that,其他不能省略。

  eg.Ibelieve(that)youhavedoneyourbestandthatthingswillgetbetter.

  B.当it作形式宾语时

  eg.Shemadeitclearthatshehadnothingtodowithhim.

  C.当宾语从句前置时

  eg.Thatourteamwillwin,Ibelieve.

2. 

宾语从句的否定转移:

主句是I/Wethink/suppose/guess/believe等时,从句中的否定习惯上要转移到主句中。

如:

我认为鸡不会游泳。

误:

Ithinkchickenscannotswim.

正:

Idon’tthinkchickenscanswim.

此外,上述情况在变成反意疑问句时,附加疑问句要看从句,如果主句的主语不是第一人称,则附加疑问句要看主句。

试比较:

Ithinkheiswrong,isn’the?

Hethinksheisright,doesn’the?

if/whether

if/whether都可作宾语从句的引导词,意为“是否”,在一般情况下可以互换。

if多用于口语和非正式文体中,whether则多用于比较正式的文体中。

e.g.Sheaskedmeif/whetherIcouldhelpherwithherEnglish.

Idon’tknowif/whetheritisgoingtorain.

Note:

只用whether的六种情况:

在带to的动词不定式前

Hedoesn’tknowwhethertogotothecinemaortowatchTVathome.

在介词后

I’mthinkingofwhetherweshouldgofishing.

3. 

直接与ornot连用时

Idon’tknowwhetherornottheywillcometohelpus.

4. 

在动词discuss后面的宾语从句中

Wediscussedwhetherwouldhaveasportsmeetingnextweek.

5. 

宾语从句提前时只能用whether

Whetherthisistrueornot,Ican’tsay.

6. 

引导位于句首的主语从句或表语从句用whether

Whetherheisrightorwrongisaquestion.

难点:

1.避免重复出现连接代词或连接副词;

e.g.*Ican’tseethatwhatisoverthere.(应去掉that)

2.从句中的语序为陈述语序;

e.g.*Doyouknowhowoldisshe?

(应改为:

…howoldsheis)

3.从句中的时态与主句时态前后呼应。

e.g.*Shedidn’ttellmewhenshewillcome.(应改为:

…whenshewouldcome)

4.转换:

由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句可用疑问代词和疑问副词+动词不定式替代,进行句型

上的转换。

e.g.I’venoideawhatwe’regoingtodonext.=I’venoideawhattodonext.

CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothepostoffice?

=Couldyoutellmehowtogettothepostoffice?

宾语从句中的It

可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句

  ①动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置.

  Ithinkitnecessarythatwetakeplentyofhotwatereveryday.

  我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的.

  IfeelitapitythatIhaven’tbeentotheget-together.

  我没去聚会,感觉非常遗憾.

  IhavemadeitarulethatIkeepdiaries.

  我每天写日记成了习惯.

  Weallfinditimportantthatwe(should)makeaquickdecisionaboutthismater.

  我们都认为对这件事马上做出决定很重要.

  ②有些动词带宾语从句时需要在宾语与从句前加it

  这类动词主要有:

hate,take,owe,have,seeto.

  Ihateitwhentheywiththeirmouthsfulloffood.

  我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话.

  Hewillhaveitthatourplanisreallypractical.

  他会认为我们的计划确实可行.

  Wetakeitthatyouwillagreewithus.

  我们认为你会同意我们的.

  Whenyoustarttheengine,youmustseetoitthatcarisinneutral.

  开启发动机时,一定要使汽车的离合器处于空挡位置.

  ③若宾语从句是wh-类,则不可用it代替

  Weallconsiderwhatyousaidtobeunbelievable.

  我们都认为你所说的是不可信的.

  Wediscoveredwhatwehadlearnedtobevaluable.

  我们发现我们所学到的东西都是有用的.

宾语从句中考题练兵:

一、单项选择

()1.Idon’tthinkhewillcomehereontime,?

(重庆)

A.won’theB.willheC.doesheD.ishe

()2.Willyoupleasetellme?

(上海)

A.wherePudongAirportisB.howfarPudongAirportwas

C.howcanwegettoPudongAirportD.whenwasPudongAirportbuilt

()3.It’snotpolitetoaskpeopleinEngland.(常州)

A.howmuchmoneyyouhavegotB.whattheweatherislike

C.whatyourcitylookslikeD.howoldareyou

()4.Iwonderifhetonight.Ifhe,I’llletyouknow.(扬州)

A.willcome;

willcomeB.comes;

comes

C.willcome;

comesD.comes;

willcome

()5.Ican’tsayIwanttoseehimagain.Wehaven’tseeneachotherfornearlythreeyears.(镇江)

A.howlongB.howsoonC.howoftenD.howmuch

()6.Mr.GreentoldmethatheonatripnextSunday.(通化)

A.aregoingB.wasgoingC.willgoD.wouldgoing

()7.OurgeographyteachertoldusthatJapantheeastofChina.(河北)

A.isinB.wasinC.istoD.wasto

()8.Nobodyknowshe’llcomeornot.(辽宁)

A.thatB.ifC./D.whether

二、按要求改写句子

“Doyouwanttotrysomethingnew?

”Tom’smotheraskedhim.(改为复合句,句意不变)(济南)

Tom’smotheraskedhimtotrysomethingnew.

2.Couldyoutellmethewaytothestation?

(改写句子,句意不变)(青岛)

Couldyoutellmetothestation?

3.“Ihavefinishedmyhomework.”Johntoldme.(改为复合句,句意不变)(天津)

Johntoldmethathomework.

4.Idon’tknowhowIcanreachthezoo.(改为简单句)(宿迁)

Idon’tknowthezoo.

三、根据汉语提示,完成句子.

我还没有决定是否去参加迈克的生日聚会。

(黑龙江)

Ihaven’tdecidedIwillgotoMike’sbirthdayparty.

张清问他奶奶是否还要些面条。

(西安)

ZhangQingaskedhisgrandmashenoodles.

据说在南京长江上又建了一座桥。

(南京)

thatbridgeovertheChangjiangRiverinNanjing.

请你告诉我这把锁是用什么制成的好吗?

(无锡)

Wouldyoupleasetellme?

你能告诉我他从美国回来多久了?

Canyoutellme?

【提高练习】

I.从下列A、B、C、D中选择一个正确选项填空。

1.Idon'

tknow_________hewillcometomorrow._________hecomes,I'

lltellyou.

A.if;

Whether 

B.whether;

C.if;

That 

D.if;

If

2.Idon'

tknow_________thedayaftertomorrow.

A.whendoeshecome 

B.howwillhecome 

 

C.ifhecomes 

D.whetherhe'

llcome

3.Couldyoutellme_________thenearesthospitalis?

A.what 

B.how 

C.whether 

D.where

4.Couldyoutellme_________theradiowithoutanyhelp?

A.howdidhemend 

B.whatdidhemend 

C.howhemended 

D.whathemended

5.Iwanttoknow_________.

A.whomisshelookingafter 

B.whomsheislookingC.whomisshelooking 

D.whomsheislookingafter

6.Doyouknowwhere_________now?

A.helives 

B.doeshelive 

C.helived 

D.didhelive

7.Doyouknowwhattime_________?

A.thetrainleave 

B.doesthetrainleave 

C.willthetrainleave 

D.thetrainleaves

8.Idon'

tknow_________.Canyoutellme,please?

A.howthetwoplayersareold 

B.howoldarethetwoplayers

C.thetwoplayersarehowold 

D.howoldthetwoplayersare

9.Thesmallchildrendon'

tknow_________.

A.whatistheirstockingsin 

B.whatisintheirstockings

C.whereistheirstockingsin 

D.whatintheirstockings

10.Ican'

tunderstand_________.

A.whatdoesChristmasmean 

B.whatChristmasdoesmean

C.whatmeanChristmasdoes 

D.whatChristmasmeans

11.Thegirlsaskedifthey____somefoodanddrinkwiththem.

A.tookB.takeC.takesD.willtake

12.Catherinesaidthatshe___toGuangzhou.

A.hasnevergoneB.hadnevergoneC.hasneverbeenD.hadneverbeen

13.Thestudentswanttoknowwhetherthey___dictation 

today.

A.hadB.has.C.willhaveD.are

14.SheaskedLindaif___goandgetsome.

A.couldsheB.shecouldC.shecanD.shemay

15.Lindasaidthemoon___roundtheearth.

A.travelledB.hastravelledC.travellsD.hadtravelled

16.Canyoutellme___youwereborn,Betty?

A.whoB.whatC.whenD.that

17.Idon'

tknow___theyhavepassedtheexam.

A.whatB.ifC.whenD.where

18.Ihardlyunderstand.___hehastoldme.

A.thatB.whatC.whichD.who

19Shedidn'

tknow___backsoon.

A.whetherhewouldbeB.ifwouldhebeC.hewillbe

20.Idon'

tknow_____hestillliveshereaftersomanyyears.

A.whetherBwhereC.whatD.when

21.Doyouknow_____theylistenedtoyesterdayevening?

A.whatBwhenCwhyDhow

22.Heaskedme_____toldmetheaccident.

AwhomBwhichCwhoDwhose

II.按要求转换句型。

1.DoesMr.BrownenjoylivinginChina?

Couldyoutellus?

(改写句子)

→Couldyoutellus_________Mr.Brown_________livinginChina?

2."

Doesthegirlneedanyhelp?

”heaskedme.(变为复合句)

→Heaskedme_________thegirl_________somehelp.

3.Jimisnotastudent.Tomisnotastudent,either.(合并为一个句子)

_________Jim_________Tomisastudent.

4.Whendoesthetrainleave?

Iwanttoknow.(改为含宾语从句的复合句)

Iwanttoknow_________thetrain_________.

5.Theywenthomeaftertheyhadfinishedtheirhomework.(用not...until改写) 

They_________gohome_________theyhadfinishedtheirhomework.

6.DidPetercomehereyesterday?

LiLeiwantstoknow.(改为含宾语从句的复合

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