高考主谓一致精讲精炼Word文档格式.docx
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Tenpoundswasmissingfromthebox.
Threeplusthreeissix.
Fifteenminutesisenoughforustogetdressed.
6.当and连接两个并列主语在意义上指同一人、同一物、同一事或者同一概念时，应看作单数，谓语动词用单数。
另外，当and连接两个形容词去修饰一个单数形式的主语时，其实是指两种不同的事物，主语则应该看作是复数，那么谓语动词也应该用复数。
TheworkerandwriterisfromWuhan.
Warandpeaceisaconst
antthemeinhistory.
ChineseandJapanesesilkareofgoodquality.
英语中并列结构表示整体概念的有：
ironandsteel钢铁lawandorder治安
breadandbutter黄油面包awatchandchain一块带链的表
aknifeandfork一副刀叉acoatandtie一件配有领带的上衣
aimandend目的truthandhonesty真诚
7.something,everything,anything,nothing，somebody,nobody,noone等不定代词作主语，谓语通常是单数。
Iseverybodyheretoday？
今天每个人都在这儿吗？
Anythingispossible.=Nothingisimpossible.
8.表示单一概念的动名词、不定式或句子作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
Whenandwheretogofortheon-salaryholidayhasnotbeendecidedyet.
Beingblind,deaf,unabletoworkoruseyourhandseasilyissomethingthatmostpeoplecan’timagine.
Persuadinghimtojoinusseemsreallyhard.
Togotobedearlyandtoriseearlyisagoodhabit.
Whateverwasleftwastakenaway.
谓语动词用复数的情况
（1）由and连接的两个并列成分表示两个不同的概念。
Bothbreadandbutteraresoldout.
面包和黄油都卖完了。
（2）people，police，cattle等有生命的集体名词作主语。
Peoplereadforpleasureduringtheirsparetime.
人们闲暇之余的阅读是为了消遣。
（3）一些常用做复数或只有复数形式的名词，如goods，stairs，arms等作主语。
ThegoodsaremadeinChina.这些货物都是中国制造的。
（4）由山脉、群岛、瀑布等以s结尾的专有名词作主语。
TheHimalayasaretheroofoftheworld.
喜马拉雅山脉是世界屋脊。
谓语动词单、复数视情况而定
1.集体名词class，family，army，team，club，population，enemy，party，crowd，crew，audience，public，government，majority，group等作主语，强调整体用单数，指个体成员用复数。
ThepopulationinChinaisverylargeand80%ofthepopulationliveinruralareas.中国人口很多，其中80%的人住在农村。
2.单复数同形的名词作主语时，谓语形式要根据其具体含义而定，这类词有：
means，works，pains，deer，fish，sheep等。
Everymeanshasbeentriedtosolvetheproblem，butnoneiseffective.每种方法都试过，但没有一个有效。
Therearevariousmeansofcommunicatingwithastranger.
同陌生人交流有很多不同的方法。
3.“kind，sort，pair，type,piece,seriesof＋名词”作主语，以这些名词本身的单复数而定。
Thekindofpaperismadeofstraw.
Somekindsofanimalsaredyingout.
Thispairofglassesisveryexpensive.
Twoseriesofnewstampshavebeenordered.
4.all，none，some，any等不定代词作主语，根据其指代的内容而定。
Allisgoingonverywell.
Allarepresentbesidestheprofessor.
5.“half/most/enough/part/therest/thelast/lots/plenty/分数/百分数＋of＋名词”作主语，谓语动词要和of之后的名词单复数保持一致。
Alotofstudentsarecomingtothemeeting.
Alotofworkistobedonetopreparefortheconference.
Therestoftheworkersarestillverytired.
6.“the＋adj.”结构指一类人时，谓语动词用复数；
如果指个别人或表示抽象的概念，谓语动词用单数。
Thedisabledarewelltakencareofinthiscountry.
Thedeadinthisaccidentwas20,agirlfromNanjingUniversity.
Thenewiscertaintoreplacetheold.
7.anumberof＋复数名词，“许多……”，复数意义；
thenumberof＋复数名词，“……的数目”，单数意义。
thepopulationof…“……的人口数量”作主语时，谓语用单数，但如果是分数、百分数、halfof,therestofthepopulation作主语时，具体指其中的多少人，复数意义，谓语则用复数。
theaverageof…“……的平均数”，作主语时，谓语用单数。
Thenumberofthestudentsinourschoolisquitelargeandanumberofteachersworkhard.
ThepopulationofChinaislargeandmostofthepopulationarefarmers.
Theaverageofourscoreishigh.
8.what引导的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词的单复数要取决于作表语的名词的单复数。
Whatsurprisedmemostwashisattitudetowardshisstudy.
Whattheyneedarebooks.
9.quantitiesof＋名词作主语时，不论名词是复数还是不可数，谓语一律用复数。
aquantityof＋名词复数作主语时，谓语用复数。
aquantityof＋不可数名词作主语时，谓语用单数。
amountsof＋不可数名词作主语时，谓语用复数。
anamountof＋不可数名词作主语时，谓语用单数。
Everydayquantitiesofwaterarewasted.
Alargeamountofdamagehasbeendonebecauseofthefloods.
二、就近一致原则
（1）由or，either...or...，neither...nor...，notonly...butalso...等连接的并列主语，谓语动词常与最近的主语在单复数上保持一致。
NeitheryounorIamfitforthework.
你和我都不适合这份工作。
AreneitheryounorIfitforthework?
你和我都不适合这份工作吗？
EitherIortheyareresponsiblefortheresultofthematter.
Neithertheunkindwordsnortheunfriendlyattitudehascausedmeanydistress.
（2）由there，here等引起的倒装句，主语不止一个时，谓语通常和最邻近的主语保持一致。
Thereisapencilandtwopensinthepencil box.
Hereisapen,afewenvelopesandsomep
aperinthedrawer.
Inthedistancewasheardtheclappingofhandsandtheshoutsofthepeople.
（3）在定语从句中，关系代词如果在从句中作主语，依先行词决定从句谓语动词的单复数形式；
在“oneof＋复数名词＋who/that/which”引导的从句结构中，从句中的动词用复数形式；
但是之前有the（only）等修饰语时，则从句中的动词用单数形式。
Shehastwosonswhoworkinthesamecompany.
TheGreatWallisoneoftheworld-famousbuildingsthatdrawlotsoftourists.
TheGreatWallistheonlyoneofthebuildingsontheearththatisseenfromthemoon.
三．随远一致原则
主语后面跟有“with,togetherwith,aswellas,alongwith,inadditionto，except,but,like,nolessthan,ratherthan,morethan,besides,including,”等引起的短语，谓语动词要跟主语一致
Mr.Green,togetherwithhiswifeandchildren,hascometoChina.
Awomanwithababywasonthebus.
NobodybutJimandMikewasontheplayground.
ShelikeyouandTom,isverytall.
ThegirlsaswellastheboyhavelearnedtospeakJapanese.
Nooneexceptmyteachersknowsanythingaboutit.
Henry，ratherthanJaneandJohn，isresponsiblefortheloss.
◆动词不定式、动名词以及名词性从句作主语时的主谓一致
MostofwhathasbeensaidabouttheSmiths_______alsotrueoftheJohnsons.
A.areB.isC.beingD.tobe
◆one,either,neither,each等+of+复数名词或代词作主语时的主谓一致
—Eachofthestudents,workinghardathisorherlessons,______togo
touniversity.
—SodoI.
A.hopeB.hopesC.hopingD.hoped
◆由and连接并列主语时的主谓一致
Apoetandartist________comingtospeaktousaboutChineseliteratureandpaintingtomorrowafternoon.
A.isB.areC.wasD.were
◆定语从句中的主谓一致
Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho_____awinnerofscholarshipforthreeyears.
A.isB.areC.havebeenD.hasbeen
◆quantitiesof+名词作主语时的主谓一致
Withmoreforestsbeingdestroyed,hugequantitiesofgoodearth______eachyear.
A.iswashingawayB.isbeingwashedaway
C.arewashingawayD.arebeingwashedaway
◆thenumberof与anumberof的区别
①Asyoucansee,thenumberofcarsonourroads__________risingthesedays.
A.waskeepingB.keepC.keepsD.werekeeping
②Nowadays,alargenumberofwomen,especiallythosefromthecountryside,_______intheclothingindustry.
A.isworkingB.worksC.workD.worked
◆分数、百分数作主语时的主谓一致
①Thecompanyhadabout20notebookcomputersbutonlyone-third_____usedregularly.Nowwehave60workingalldaylong.
②_____ofthelandinthatdistrict______coveredwithtreesandgrass.
A.Twofifth;
isB.Twofifth;
areC.Twofifths;
isD.Twofifths;
are
◆倒装句中的主谓一致
①Atthefootofthemountain________.
A.avillagelieB.liesavillageC.doesavillagelieD.lyingavillage
②Ontopofthebooks_______thephotoalbumyou’relookingfor.
A.isB.areC.hasD.have
◆表示抽象概念的名词或词组作主语时的主谓一致
Asurveyoftheopinionsofexperts_________thatthreehoursofoutdoorexerciseaweek________goodforone’shealth.
A.show;
areB.shows;
isC.show;
isD.shows;
◆一些单复数形式相同的名词如作主语时的主谓一致
Everypossiblemeans_____topreventthepollution,buttheskyisstillnotclear.
A.isusedB.areusedC.hasbeenusedD.havebeenused
◆由连词“or，either…or…，neither…nor…，notonly…butalso…，whether…or…”等连接并列主语时的主谓一致（遵循就近一致原则）
Eitheryouortheheadmaster_______theprizestothosegiftedstudentsatthemeeting.
A.ishandingoutB.aretohandout
C.arehandingoutD.istohandout
1．（2009年福建卷）—Whydoesthelakesmellterrible?
—Becauselargequantitiesofwater________.
A．havepolluted B．isbeingpolluted
C．hasbeenpollutedD．havebeenpolluted
2．（2009年陕西卷）Dr.Smith，togetherwithhiswifeanddaughters，________visitBeijingthissummer.
A．isgoingtoB．aregoingtoC．wasgoingtoD．weregoingto
3．（2009年四川卷）Theteachertogetherwiththestudents________discussingReadingSkillsthat________newlypublishedinAmerica.
A．are；
wereB．is；
wereC．are；
wasD．is；
was
4．（2009年湖南卷）Eitheryouoroneofyourstudents________toattendthemeetingthatisduetomorrow.
A．areB．isC．haveD．be
5．（2009年江西卷）Atpresent，oneoftheargumentsinfavorofthenewairport________thatitwillbringalotofjobstothearea.
A．isB．areC．willbeD．was
6．（2008年陕西卷）—Didyougototheshowlastnight?
—Yeah.Everyboyandgirlinthearea________invited.
A．wereB．havebeenC．hasbeenD．was
7．（2007年浙江卷）ProfessorJameswillgiveusalectureontheWesternculture，butwhenandwhere________yet.
A．hasn’tbeendecidedB．haven’tdecided
C．isn’tbeingdecidedD．aren’tdecided
8．（2007年湖南卷）Welivedaybyday，butinthegreatthings，thetimeofdaysandweeks________sosmallthatadayisunimportant.
A．isB．areC．hasbeenD．havebeen
9．（2007年江西卷）Asurveyoftheopinionsofexperts________thatthreehoursofoutdoorexerciseaweek________goodforone’shealth.
A．show；
areB．shows；
isC．show；
isD．shows；
are
10．（2007年陕西卷）Asaresultoftheseriousflood，two thirdsofthebuildingsinthearea_____.
A．needrepairingB．needstorepair
C．needsrepairingD．needtorepair
1．（2010届东北三校联考）—Hi，whatdidourmonitorsayjustnow?
—EveryboyandeverygirlaswellasteacherswhoaretovisitWaterCube_______
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