上海高考英语一模冲刺讲义11选10Word文件下载.docx

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上海高考英语一模冲刺讲义11选10Word文件下载.docx

prediction;

applicant;

specialty;

concept;

angle;

position;

philosophy;

candidate;

background;

alteration

动词:

plunge;

reveal;

count;

extend;

realize;

allow;

maximize;

distinguish;

contribute;

expose;

refer;

obtain;

divide;

conceal;

multiply;

calculate

形容词:

constant;

precious;

uncomfortable;

enthusiastic;

relevant;

unconditional;

initial;

basic;

cultural;

extraordinary;

private;

complicated;

suitable;

instant;

dependent;

flexible;

proper;

responsible;

extinct;

embarrassing;

accurate

副词:

repeatedly;

carefully;

properly;

doubly;

enormously;

merely;

regularly;

normally;

virtually;

annually;

equally;

efficiently;

physically

一词多性:

farm;

benefit;

mirror;

back;

average;

favor;

access;

challenge;

change;

respect;

figure;

monitor;

still;

balance;

approach

一词多义:

common;

conduct;

promote;

approach;

multiply

二.专题精讲

(选自2014年一模)

●一词多性:

普陀一模:

例:

They_49farmed_withbarehands,oftenlivedclosetohunger,andhadtofashiontoolsfromwoodandstone.

解析:

farm有名词(农场)和动词(干农活儿)两种词性,此处farm的形式和后面的lived,had是平行结构,应用过去时farmed。

青浦一模:

Whilebothhensandducks43benefitthegardenbyeatingpests...

benefit一词多性,此处作动词,全句译为:

母鸡和鸭子可以通过吃害虫给花园带来益处。

松江一模:

awaythat48mirrorstheircompanystandards

此处译为:

反映(mirror)公司水平的方式。

徐汇一模:

employeeswillgetitsmoney__46back__

getsth.back译为“拿回…”,back同时可以做动词,有词组:

backyouup,表示支持。

杨浦一模:

Originally,it42favored_candidateswithamilitaryflightbackground.

favor在这里作动词,表示“支持”。

闵行一模:

例1:

InMarchthe42releaseofalarge-scale,24-yearsurveygaveoneoftheclearestpicturesyetofthedeclineofAustralianandAsianshorebirds

release既可以做名词还可以做动词,此处做名词,表示“发布”。

例2:

...includingthelong-distancemigrants(候鸟)thataremostdifficultto43monitor.

monitor做名词表示“班长”,做动词表示“监管”,此处做动词用。

浦东一模:

Thisallowsthehospitaltoworkmoreeffectivelythanifweonly48approachproblemsoneway.

approach做名词表示“方法;

途径;

接近”,做动词表示“接近;

着手处理”,此处做动词用,表示“着手处理”

Havingmoremalenurseswillhelpcreateapositive__49balance__betweenmaleandfemalestaff,

balance既是名词也是动词,都表示“平衡”,此处做名词用。

●一词多义:

Ducksareimmunetosome41commondiseasesfoundinhens.

commondisease翻译成“常见疾病”,common同时可以译成“共同的”例如:

commongoal。

He42conductedgoodresearchonthecompany’scorebusiness.

conduct进行;

导电;

指挥,conduct在这里译为“进行、做”。

长宁一模:

Errorsanduncertainties42multiply__,cascadingupwardthroughachainofturbulentfeatures,

multiply大家熟悉的意思是乘法,本句考查增加,增多的意思。

Malenursescanbeagreathelpinkeepingpatients46stillwhiletheyreceivepainfultreatment

still有“.静止的、不动的。

仍然”的意思,此处表示“不动的”。

●固定搭配:

Herearesometipsto44maximizeyourchancesofgettingajob.

固定搭配:

maximizethechancesof,译为最大化做某事的可能性。

classesthatare__41relevant_totheirposition

与他们职位相关的等级,词组是berelevantto。

butalsofinduniquewaysto__41distinguish__themselvesfromtheharshcompetition.

这里需要一个动词原形,填distinguish和from搭配,表示“区别”。

闸北一模:

...sothatthestudentsmay46refer__tothesepointsforreflectionorfurtherresearch.

这里需要一个动词原形,和to搭配,表示“参考”。

三.专题过关

检测题:

(选自2014年崇明一模)

Directions:

Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.spread

B.formal

C.chance

D.found

E.objective

F.experience

G.divisions

H.economical

I.respect

J.replaced

K.classroom

Theideaoftheyouthhostel(旅社)startedwithoneman:

RichardSchirrmann(1874-1961),aGermanschoolteacher,whofeltthattherewasaneedforovernightaccommodationforhisstudentsinorderthattheycouldseenewthingsandhavenewexperiencesoutsidethe__41__.

Hefeltthatonelearnsbyobserving,andtriedtomakehisdreamcometrueintheyear1909,whenhestartedprovidingaccommodationforhisstudentsininns,farmhousesandthelike.

ThefirstyouthhostelwasopenedinSchirrmann’sownschoolinAltena,afterwhichitwas__42__byapermanenthostelinAltenaCastle.Schirrmannwentonto__43__theGermanYouthHostelAssociationintheyear1919.Bythistime,theideaoftheyouthhostelhad__44__farandwide,alloverthelandsofEuropeandfurther.

Andthen,intheyear1932,a(n)__45__organizationcalledtheInternationalYouthHostelwasfoundedinAmsterdam,whichconsistedofyouthhostelsfromSwitzerland,Germany,Poland,theNetherlands,Norway,Britain,Ireland,France,Czechoslovakia,DenmarkandBelgium.RichardSchirrmannbecameitschairmanin1933.

Theideaoftheyouthhostelisforyoungpeoplewhoareonnaturetripstoget__46__accommodationinexchangeforsomemoneyandahelpinghandwiththedomesticchores(家务活).Thesehostelsweresaidtobuildcharacterandasenseofindependence,astheyouthwhostayedinthemgotthe__47__toseehowotherpeoplelivedaswellastohelptodowork.

Youthhostelsarealsoplacestomeetandmakenewfriends.Theyhavenoclass__48__andeveryonehastodotheirshare.Here,wealthandpositiondoesnothelpyougain__49__,butfriendlinessdoes.Thefriendlieryouare,themoreyoulearnfromthe__50__ofstayinginayouthhostel.

Keys:

41.K42.J43.D44.A45.B46.H47.C48.G49.I50.F

41:

由句意可知,在......的外面,因此classroom比较合适.

42:

be+edby被动形式,所以填replaced.

43:

goontodosth,因此此处应填动词原形。

由句意可知应当填found,继续成立hotel。

44:

此处应填动词的过去分词,要注意spread的过去分词就是原形,这一点较易错。

45:

冠词和名词中间可知应填形容词,修饰组织,可知应该用formal

46:

首先判断空格词性,accommodation前可填形容词,根据句意,青旅的主意是为自然旅行中的年轻人可以得到经济实惠的住宿,因此选economical符合题意。

47:

getthe______todosth,可知应该填一个名词,在方框中所剩的名词中筛选,chance符合句意。

48:

此处空格前的class应该理解为阶级,因此division比较合适,句意为“他们没有阶级区分,每个人都要彼此分享。

49:

gain后面应跟名词,难点在于respect即可做动词也可做名词,此处考生较易忽略respect的名词意。

50:

通过词性判断,可知此处应为名词,另根据句意,可知应是从经验中学习,因此是experience。

一.专题知识梳理

●现在分词的考查:

Motor-carscoverahundredmilesinlittlemorethananhour,whilecomputersoperateat_42lightning__speed.

本句考查现在分词作定语的用法,lightingspeed形容光速或极快的速度。

宝山一模:

Chancesareyou’llseeplentyofthemwiththeirheadsdown,tappingthescreensoftheirtabletsor41textingontheirsmartphones.

本句中的texting与tapping都是现在分词作伴随状语的用法。

Whenusingatablet,useacasethatcanbackupthedeviceatcomfortable49viewingangle.

本句的viewing与comfortable共同作前置定语修饰angle。

奉贤一模:

Andwhyeventhesmartestpeoplegettakeninbyfakebut50touchingstories.

本句中的touching为现在分词作前置定语的用法。

When47raisingducks,onehastoconsiderjusthowmanythelandwillsupport.

本题考查的是现在分词作时间状语的用法。

●过去分词的考查:

虹口一模:

Thoughtheirfriendshiphadnotbeenaparticularlylong-lastingone,MussorgskywasshockedbyHartmann’s45unexpecteddeath.

本题考查过去分词作前置定语的用法。

”unexpecteddeath”表示令人意想不到的死讯”。

金山一模:

Ifthereissomeoneorsomethingyoudislike,youarestill45limited,andyourabilitytogiveadviceisreduced.

本句中的limited为过去分词作表语的用法。

Most43complicatedideasandlongsentencesareavoidedwhilesymbolsorabbreviations(缩写)arepreferredinstead.

本题考查的是过去分词作前置定语。

Whilethesefolksmaybemakinggooduseoftheirtimebystaying42connected,theirbodiesarepayingaheavypriceforsuchconvenience.

本句中中的stay为系动词,后面的connected为过去分词作表语。

●较难词汇的考查:

Manyartists,however,wouldprovethattherehasalwaysbeenawarmrelationshipbetweenthe41distinctareasofhumanactivity.

本题的distinct为形容词,意思是“明显的,独特的,有区别的”。

黄浦一模:

Journalingmakesyouaccountableandmoreawareofwhatyou’reeating,soitmakessensethatit’llkeepyoufrom_48_mindlesslychewingifyouaren’tactuallyhungry.

mindlessly为副词,意思是“粗心大意地,不注意地”,在句中作状语修饰chewing。

二.专题精讲

(选自2014年嘉定一模)

Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.valueB.shapeC.designedD.understandingE.importantlyF.economistsG.responseH.vastI.connectedJ.majorK.amazingly

 

ThirteenyearsafterthelaunchofTaobao,Chinahasrisentobecometheworld’ssecondbusiestonlinemarketplace,behindonlytheUnitedStates.Thisisthekindofstatisticthat__41__love,butitdoesn’treallytellusanythingaboutwhysomanypeopleliketobuysomanythingsonline.

  Isitbecauseitseasy?

Isitbecauseofthe__42__selection?

Isitbecausewewanttofeel__43__tootherswithoutleavingthehouse?

  Taobaowasinfacta__44__toebay’sentranceintotheChinesemarketin2003.JackMa(马云)knewthatheknewChinabetterthantheAmericansdid,andthatTaobaocouldbeatebayatitsowngamehere.Hewasright,andJackMahashelpedto__45__thenatureofonlinecommerceinChina—whatitlookslike,howitworks,and,most__46__,whoitsusersare.

  Taobao’saesthetic(美学)isdistinctive,andhasinfluencedandinspiredcompetitorsinChinaandaroundtheworld.Thewayitworksisalsodifferentfromother__47__onlineretailers(零售店).ButtherealgeniusofTaobaoliesinits__48__ofitsusers.Whatitlookslikeandhowitworks,afterall,were__49__withtheusersinmind:

ayoung,increasingly“connected”andincreasinglywealthyChinesegeneration.

  WhentheydesignedTaobao,JackMaandhisteamrealizedthatmanyyoungpeopleinChinastrongly__50__socialinteractionwiththeirpeers,sotheymadesuchinteraction—everythingfrommessagingtolivechatstorecommendationsandreviews—acorepartoftheTaobaoshoppingexperience.

41.F42.H43.I44.G45.B46.E47.J48.D49.C50.A

41:

首先判断此空的词性,前面的that很显然是定语从句的引导词,statistic是先行词,那此空格处不可能是修饰love的形容词,love还可做动词用(这一点很多学生容易忽略),

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