David Cameron s Speech at Beida University ChinaWord格式.docx

David Cameron s Speech at Beida University ChinaWord格式.docx

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Nolongercanpeopletalkabouttheglobaleconomy…

…withoutincludingthecountrythathasgrownonaveragetenpercentayearforthreedecades.

Nolongercanwetalkabouttrade…

…withoutthecountrythatisnowtheworld’slargestexporterandthirdlargestimporter…

Andnolongercanwedebateenergysecurityorclimatechange…

…withoutthecountrythatisoneoftheworld’sbiggestconsumerofenergy.

Chinaisoncoursetoreclaim,laterthiscentury,itspositionastheworld’sbiggesteconomy…

…thepositionithasheldfor18ofthelast20centuries.

…andanachievementofwhichtheChinesepeoplearejustlyproud.

Putsimply:

Chinahasre-emergedasagreatglobalpower.

ThreatorOpportunity

Nowpeoplecanreacttothisinoneoftwoways.

TheycanseeChina’sriseasathreat…

…ortheycanseeitasanopportunity.

TheycanprotecttheirmarketsfromChina…

…oropentheirmarketstoChina.

TheycantryandshutChinaout…

…orwelcomeChinain,toanewplaceatthetoptableofglobalaffairs.

TherehasbeenachangeofGovernmentinBritainandachangeofPrimeMinister.

ButonthisvitalpointthereisabsolutecontinuitybetweenmygovernmentandtheGovernmentsofTonyBlairandGordonBrown.

WewantastrongrelationshipwithChina.Strongontrade.Strongoninvestment.Strongondialogue.

ImadethatclearasLeaderoftheOppositionwhenIvisitedBeijingandChongqingthreeyearsago.

AndIrepeatitasPrimeMinisterhereinChina’scapitaltoday.

IntheargumentabouthowtoreacttotheriseofChina…

…Isayit’sanopportunity.

Ichooseengagementnotdisengagement.

Dialoguenotstand-off.

Mutualbenefit,notzero-sumgame.

Partnershipnotprotectionism.

Britainisthecountrythatarguesmostpassionatelyforglobalisationandfreetrade.

FreetradeisinourDNA.

AndwewanttradewithChina.Asmuchofitaswecanget.

That’swhyIhavewithmeonthisvisitoneofthebiggestandmosthigh-powereddelegationsaBritishPrimeMinisterhaseverledtoChina.

JustthinkaboutsomeoftheprizesthattheriseofChinacouldhelptobringwithinourgrasp.

Strong,andsustainablegrowthfortheglobaleconomy.

VitalprogressontheDohatraderoundwhichcouldadd$170billiontotheglobaleconomy.

Arealchancetogetbackontracktowardsalegallybindingdealonemissions

Unprecedentedprogressintacklingpoverty.

Chinahaslifted500millionpeopleoutofpovertyinjustthirtyyears.

Althoughthereisstillalongwaytogo–that’smorepeopleliftedoutofpovertythanatanytimeinhumanhistory.

Youcanseetheresultsrightacrossthisenormouscountry.

WhenIworkedinHongKongbrieflyin1985,Shenzhenwasbarelymorethanasmalltown,surroundedbypaddyfieldsandwaterways.

TodayitisacitylargerthanLondon.Itmakesmostoftheworld’siPodsandoneintenofitsmobilephones.

Andthereareotherbenefitstoointacklingtheworld’smostintractableproblems.

Iwelcomethefact,forexample,thatmorethan900ChinesedoctorsnowworkinAfricancountriesandthatinUgandaitisaChinesepharmaceuticalfirmthatisintroducinganewanti-malarialdrug.

SoIwanttomakethepositivecase…

…fortheworldtoseeChina’sriseasanopportunitynotathreat.

ButChinaneedstohelpustomakethatargument…

…todemonstratethatasyoureconomygrows,sodooursharedinterests,andoursharedresponsibilities.

WeshareaninterestinChina’sintegrationintotheworldeconomy,whichisessentialforChina’sdevelopment.

IfwearetomaintainEurope’sopennesstoChina,wemustbeabletoshowthatChinaisopentoEurope.

Soweshareaninterestinaninternationalsystemgovernedbyrulesandnorms.

Weshareaninterestineffectivecooperativegovernance,includingfortheworldeconomy.

Weshareaninterestinfightingprotectionism…

…andinaco-ordinatedrebalancingbetweensurplusanddeficitcountries.

Theseinterests,thoseresponsibilitiesarebotheconomicandpolitical.

Letmetakeeachinturn.

EconomicResponsibilities

First,economicresponsibilities.

Let’sgetstraighttothepoint.

Theworldeconomyhasbeguntogrowagainafterthecrisis.

Butthatgrowthisveryuneven.

LedbyChina,Asiaandotheremergingmarketsaregrowingquickly.

Butinmuchoftheadvancedworldgrowthisslowandfragileandunemploymentstubbornlyhigh.

Weshouldnotbesurprisedatthis.

Thecrisishasdamagedmanyadvancedeconomiesandweakenedtheirfinancialsectors.

Theyfacemajorstructuralandfiscaladjustmentstorebalancetheireconomies.

Thisistrueofmyowncountry.

Weknowwhatstepsweneedtotaketorestorethepublicfinancesandrebalanceoureconomytowardsgreatersavingandinvestmentandgreaterexports.

Andwehavebeguntotakethem.

Butfortheworldeconomytobeabletogrowstronglyagain–andtogrowwithoutcreatingthedangerouseconomicandfinancialinstabilitiesthatledtothecrisis,weneedmorethanjustadjustmentintheadvancedworld.

Thetruthisthatsomecountrieswithcurrentaccountsurpluseshavebeensavingtoomuch…

…whileotherslikeminewithdeficitshavebeensavingtoolittle.

Andtheresulthasbeenadangeroustidalwaveofmoneygoingfromonesideoftheglobetotheother.

Weneedamorebalancedpatternofglobaldemandandsupply,amorebalancedpatternofglobalsavingandinvestment.

Nowsometimeswhenyouhearpeopletalkabouteconomicimbalances,itcanseemasthoughcountriesthataresuccessfulatexportingarebeingblamedfortheirsuccess.

That’sabsolutelynotthecase.

Weallshareaninterestandaresponsibilitytoco-operatetosecurestrongandbalancedglobalgrowth.

ThereisnogreaterillustrationofthisthanwhathappenedtoChinaasthewesternbankingsystemcollapsed…

…Chineseexportsfell12percent…

…growthdroppedtoitslowestpointinmorethanadecade…

…andsome20millionjobswerelostintheChineseexportsector.

Changesinthestructureofoureconomieswilltaketime.

Whatisimportantisthatthemajoreconomiesoftheworldhaveasharedvisionofthepathofthischange:

whatactionscountriesshouldavoid;

whatactionscountriesneedtotakeand,crucially,overwhatperioditshouldhappen.

ThisiswhytheG20–andthemeetinginSeoul–issoimportant.

Togetherwecanagreeacommonapproach.

Wecancommittothenecessaryactions.

Wecanagreethatwewillholdeachothertoaccount.

AndjustasChinaplayedaleadingroleattheG20inhelpingtoavertaglobaldepression…

…soitcanleadnow.

IknowfrommydiscussionswithPremierWenhowcommittedChinaistoactionstorebalanceitseconomy.

Chinaisalreadytalkingaboutmovingtowardsincreaseddomesticconsumption…

…betterhealthcareandwelfare…

…moreconsumergoodsasitsmiddleclassgrows…

…andintimeintroducinggreatermarketflexibilityintoitsexchangerate.

Thiscannotbecompletedovernight…

…butitmusthappen.

Let’sbeclearabouttherisksifitdoesnot…

…aboutwhatisatstakeforChinaandfortheUK–countriesthatdependonanopenglobaleconomy.

Attheworstpointofthecrisis,weavertedprotectionism.

Butatatimeofslowgrowthandhighunemploymentinmanycountriesthosepressureswillriseagain…

….alreadyyoucanseethem.

Countrieswillincreasinglybetemptedtotrytomaximisetheirowngrowthandtheirownemployment,attheexpenseofothers.

Globalisation–theforcethathasbeensopowerfulindrivingdevelopmentandbringinghugenumbersintotheworldeconomycouldgointoreverse.

Ifwefollowthatpathwewillallloseout.

TheWestwouldloseforsure.ButsotoowouldChina.

Forthelasttwodecades,tradehasbeenaverypositivefactorinChina’sre-emergenceontheworldstage.

Ithasdrivenamazinggrowth…

…andraisedthelivingstandardsofmillions.

TradehashelpedstitchbackChina’snetworkofrelationswithcountriesacrosstheworld.

Weneedtomakesurethatitdoesnotturnintoanegativefactor.

JustastheWestwantsgreateraccesstoChinesemarkets…

…soChinawantsgreateraccesstoWesternmarkets…

…anditwantsmarketeconomystatusintheEUtoo.

IhadveryconstructivetalkswithPremierWenonexactlythisissueyesterday.

IwillmakethecaseforChinatogetmarketeconomystatusintheEU…

…butChinaneedstohelp,byshowingthatitiscommittedtobecomingmoreopen,asitbecomesmoreprosperous.

Andweneedtoworktogethertodomoretoprotectintellectualpropertyrights…

…becausethiswillgivemorebusinessesconfidencetocomeandinvestinChina.

UKcompaniesareuniquelyplacedtosupportChina’sdemandformorehighvaluegoodsforitsconsumers.

OurPavilionattheWorldExpoinShanghai–whichwontheGoldAwardforthebestPaviliondesign–wasashowcaseforsomanyofBritain’sstrengths…

…fromadvancedengineeringtoeducation…

…fromgreatbrandstogreatpharmaceuticalbusinesses…

…fromlowcarbontofinancialservicestothecreativeindustries.

Inalltheseareasand