小学英语一般过去时.docx

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小学英语一般过去时.docx

小学英语一般过去时

一般过去时

A.结构

①be动词(is,am,are)→was/were

主语+谓语

②实义动词→相应的动词过去式

1表示过去的事实或状态。

例:

Hewasverybusyanhourago.他在过去的一小时非常忙碌。

Iwaseightyearsoldlastyear.我去年8岁。

2表示在过去某个时间内所作的事情,常和表示过去的时间状语连用。

例:

Sheboughtmanybooksyesterday.昨天她买了很多书。

IplayedtabletenniswithmyfriendlastMonday.

上周一我和一个朋友打了乒乓球。

表示过去的时间状语,有:

yesterday,lastweek,lastyear,twodaysago,...

B.

 

动词的过去式

动词有规则动词和不规则动词之分。

规则动词的过去式都是以-ed结尾,而不规则动词的过去式是没有规则。

①一般情况下,在动词原形后直接加ed。

如:

wanted,played。

②以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,直接加d。

如:

hoped,lived。

③重读闭音节单词需双写最后一个辅音字母,再加ed。

如:

stopped,shipped。

④以辅音字母+y结尾的动词变y为i,再加ed。

如:

studied,worried。

⑤有些动词不符合上面的规则,需要特殊记忆。

如:

am(is)-was,are-were,go-went,eat-ate,

swim-swam,buy-bought,see-saw,lose-lost

teach-taught,bring-brought,think-thought,

fall-fell,hurt-hurt,break-broke,win-won,

顺序

单词

词意

一般过去时

a

agree

同意

agreed

ask

asked

answer

回答

answered

b

become

成为

became

begin

开始

began

bring

带来

brought

buy

bought

c

call

呼叫

called

carry

搬运

carried

catch

抓住

caught

check

检查

checked

clean

清洁

cleaned

climb

climbed

come

came

cook

cooked

cut

cut

d

dance

跳舞

danced

do

did

draw

drew

drink

drank

drive

驾驶

drove

e

eat

ate

enjoy

欣赏

enjoyed

f

feel

感觉

felt

fly

flied

forget

忘记

forgot

fish

钓鱼

fished

g

get

得到

got

give

gave

go

went

grow

成长

grew

h

have

had

hear

听到

heard

help

帮助

helped

j

jump

jumped

k

keep

保存

kept

know

知道

knew

l

learn

学习

learned

listen

listened

like

喜欢

liked

look

looked

live

生活

lived

love

喜爱

loved

m

make

made

meet

遇见

met

move

移动

moved

n

need

需要

needed

o

open

打开

opened

p

paint

painted

pick

picked

play

played

plan

计划

planned

practise

练习

practised

prefer

更喜欢

preferred

put

put

r

read

read

ride

rode

run

ran

s

say

said

see

saw

sit

sat

skip

skipped

speak

spoke

start

开始

started

stay

停留

stayed

sweep

swept

study

学习

studied

swim

游泳

swam

t

talk

谈话

talked

take

带去

took

teach

taught

 

thank

谢谢

thanked

tell

告诉

told

think

thought

travel

旅游

traveled

try

tried

u

use

使用

used

w

wake

醒来

woke

walk

走路

walked

want

wanted

wash

washed

watch

watched

water

浇水

watered

wave

挥动

waved

work

工作

worked

worry

担心

worried

直接加ed

walk走____________climb爬_____________

turn转弯____________learn学习_____________

cookdinner做饭____________playthepiano弹钢琴____________

visitgrandparents看望(外)祖父母__________________________

cleanthebedroom打扫卧室__________________________

washtheclothes洗衣服__________________________

answerthephone接电话 __________________________

listentomusic听音乐 __________________________

cleantheroom打扫房间__________________________

collectinsects收集昆虫__________________________

jump跳____________ row划____________ work工作____________

show展示____________look看____________help帮助____________

relax放松___________return归还_____________pass传递______________

watchinsects观察昆虫_____________________________________

pickupleaves采摘树叶___________________________________

paint绘画______________kick踢______________ski滑雪______________

直接加d

like像,喜欢______________live居住______________

dance跳舞______________useacomputer使用计算机______________

love爱______________taste尝______________

close关上______________prepare准备_____________

不规则变化

eat吃____________have有;吃 ____________buy买 ____________

take买;带____________go去____________sing唱歌____________

teach(taught)教 run(ran)跑fight(fought)打架

getup起床____________swim游泳____________fly飞____________

swing(swung)荡 sleep(slept)睡觉 sweep(swept)thefloor扫地

do做____________ makethebed铺床____________

draw(drew)pictures画画write(wrote)aletter写信

catch(caught)butterflies捉蝴蝶meet(met)见面

drink(drank)喝tell(told)告诉ride(rode)骑find(found)寻找到

drive(drove)驾驶come(came)来become(became)变成 

feel(felt)感觉到 think(thought)思考 meet(met)遇见 fall(fell)落下 

leave离开_____________ wake(woke)up醒来bring带来____________

is___________am___________are____________see看到_________

grow种植grewstand(stood)站立

词形不变

readbooks读书__________________ put放__________________

setthetable摆饭桌__________________hit(hit)撞击、打cut切、割_______

最后一个字母双写再加ed

stop(stopped)停shop购物__________________

把y变成i再加ed

emptythetrash倒垃圾__________________

study学习 ______________________

 

C.过去式的肯定、否定、疑问及简短回答

①过去式的肯定、否定、疑问及简短回答的形式可表示如下:

肯定句

I(He,She,We,You,They)wenttherebybus.

否定句

I(He,She,We,You,They)didn'tgotherebybus.

疑问句

DidI(he,she,we,you,they)gothebybus?

简短回答

Yes,I(He,She,We,You,They)did.

No,I(He,She,We,You,They)didn't.

动词be的肯定、否定、疑问及简短回答形式如下:

肯定句

I(He,She)wasthere.

We(You,They)werethere.

否定句

I(He,She)wasn'tthere.

We(You,They)weren'tthere

疑问句

WasI(he,she)there?

Werewe(you,they)there?

简短回答

No,I(he,she)wasn't.

we(you,they)weren't.

一、将下列动词变成过去式。

look_______  watch_______  like______  hope______

decide______plan______  stop_______   carry______  

study______ play______ stay______   let______    

put_______  read_______  catch_____ teach_____ 

buy______   bring______  think______  sit_____   

write______drive_______ ring______sink______

run______    give_______   win_______ know______

grow______  throw_______  draw_____ show_____   

feel______   sleep_______ keep_____   sweep_____ 

 meet_______

二、改写句子填空:

1、Lucydidherhomeworkathome.(改否定句)

Lucy______________________herhomeworkathome.

2、Hefoundsomemeatinthefridge(冰箱).(变一般疑问句)

___________he_____________________meatinthefridge?

3、Shestayedthereforaweek.(对划线部分提问)

_______________________________she__________there?

4、Therewassomeorangeinthecup.(变一般疑问句)

_________there___________orangeinthecup?

1.I_________(have)anexcitingpartylastweekend.

2._________she_________(practice)herguitaryesterday?

No,she_________.

3.What________Tom________(do)onSaturdayevening?

He________(watch)TVand__________(read)aninterestingbook.

4.Theyall_________(go)tothemountainsyesterdaymorning.

5.She_________(notvisit)herauntlastweekend.

She________(stay)athomeand_________(do)somecleaning.

6.When________you_________(write)thissong?

I__________(write)itlastyear.

7.Myfriend,Carol,________(study)forthemathtestand________(practice)Englishlastnight.

8.________Mr.Li__________(do)theprojectonMondaymorning?

Yes,he_________.

9.How_________(be)Jim'sweekend?

It_________(benot)bad.

10.________(be)yourmotherasalesassistantlastyear?

No.she__________.

三.改句子

1.Iwasathomethismorning.(改为一般疑问句,并作否定回答)

        athomethismorning?

    ,      .      

2.Hedidmorningexercisesinthemorning.(改为否定句)

 He               inthemorning.

3.Theyhadabigdinneryesterday.(改为一般疑问句,并作肯定回答)

             abigdinneryesterday?

   ,    

  .

4.HowdidyoulikeShanghai?

(改为同义句)

                Shanghai?

5.Hepracticestheguitareveryday.(用yesterday作时间状语改写句子)

 He   theguitar   .

6.Ihadagoodtimeinthepark.(改为同义句)

 I      inthepark.

7.Icameherefiveyearsago.(对划线部分提问)

       you   here?

     .

8.Ican'tswim.(用lastyear作时间状语改写句子)

 I            .

9.IwenttoseemyunclelastSunday.(改为否定句)

 I      toseemyunclelastSunday.

10.omhadaneggthismorning.(对划线部分提问)

 What   Tom   thismorning?

I.一般过去时的概念一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。

常和表示过去的时间状语连用。

如:

lastyear,yesterday等;也可表示过去经常反复发生的动作,常和often,always等频率副词连用。

例如:

  I.一般过去时的概念

  一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。

常和表示过去的时间状语连用。

如:

lastyear,yesterday等;也可表示过去经常反复发生的动作,常和often,always等频率副词连用。

  例如:

①Isawhiminthestreetyesterday.昨天我在街上看见他了。

  ②LiMeialwayswenttoschoolonfootlastyear.去年李梅总是步行上学。

  II.一般过去时的构成

  我们主要来学习谓语动词为实义动词的一般过去时的构成。

  动词过去式的构成:

  

(1)规则动词过去式的构成有四条规则:

  ①一般在动词原形末尾直接加上-ed。

如:

look-looked。

  ②以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,去e再加-ed。

如:

live-lived。

  ③末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ed。

如:

stop-stopped。

  ④末尾是辅音字母+y结尾的动词,先变y为i,然后再加-ed。

如:

study-studied。

  

(2)不规则动词的过去式需特殊记忆。

如:

am(is)-was,are-were,go-went,come-came,take-took,have(has)-had等。

  III.一般过去时的几种句型

  肯定句结构为:

主语+动词的过去式+其它。

如:

Hewenttothetoystoreyesterday.他昨天去玩具店了。

  否定句结构为:

主语+didnot(didn't)+动词原形+其它。

如:

Hedidn'tgotothetoystoreyesterday.他昨天没去玩具店。

  一般过去时的一般疑问句的构成:

Did+主语+动词原形+其它?

如:

  1)-DidyougotoBeijinglastweek?

  -Yes,wedid.(No,wedidn't.)

  2)-Didyoumeetthebusinessmanbefore?

  -No,Ididn't.(Yes,Idid.)

  一般过去时的特殊疑问句的构成:

疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其它?

如:

  1)-Whatdidyoudolastnight?

  -Ididmyhomework.

  2)-Wheredidyougolastweek?

  -IwenttoShanghaiwithmyparents.

  一般过去时口诀

  一般过去时并不难,表示过去动作、状态记心间。

  动词要用过去式,时间状语句末站。

  否定句很简单,didn't站在动词原形前,其它部分不要变。

  一般疑问句也好变,did放在句子前,主语、动词原形、其它部分依次站。

  特殊疑问句也简单,疑问词加一般疑问句记心间。

  最后一条请注意,动词过去式要牢记。

 

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