国际经济学作业答案-第三章.doc
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Chapter3LaborProductivityandComparativeAdvantage—TheRicardianModel31
Chapter3LaborProductivityandComparativeAdvantage—TheRicardianModel
nMultipleChoiceQuestions
1. Countriestradewitheachotherbecausetheyare_______andbecauseof______.
(a) different,costs
(b) similar,scaleeconomies
(c) different,scaleeconomies
(d) similar,costs
(e) Noneoftheabove.
Answer:
C
2. Tradebetweentwocountriescanbenefitbothcountriesif
(a) eachcountryexportsthatgoodinwhichithasacomparativeadvantage.
(b) eachcountryenjoyssuperiortermsoftrade.
(c) eachcountryhasamoreelasticdemandfortheimportedgoods.
(d) eachcountryhasamoreelasticsupplyforthesuppliedgoods.
(e) Both(c)and(d).
Answer:
A
3. TheRicardiantheoryofcomparativeadvantagestatesthatacountryhasacomparativeadvantage
inwidgetsif
(a) outputperworkerofwidgetsishigherinthatcountry.
(b) thatcountry’sexchangerateislow.
(c) wageratesinthatcountryarehigh.
(d) theoutputperworkerofwidgetsascomparedtotheoutputofsomeotherproductishigherinthatcountry.
(e) Both(b)and(c).
Answer:
D
4. Inordertoknowwhetheracountryhasacomparativeadvantageintheproductionofoneparticularproductweneedinformationonatleast____unitlaborrequirements
(a) one
(b) two
(c) three
(d) four
(e) five
Answer:
D
5. Acountryengagingintradeaccordingtotheprinciplesofcomparativeadvantagegainsfromtradebecauseit
(a) isproducingexportsindirectlymoreefficientlythanitcouldalternatively.
(b) isproducingimportsindirectlymoreefficientlythanitcoulddomestically.
(c) isproducingexportsusingfewerlaborunits.
(d) isproducingimportsindirectlyusingfewerlaborunits.
(e) Noneoftheabove.
Answer:
B
6. Giventhefollowinginformation:
UnitLaborRequirements
Cloth
Widgets
Home
10
20
Foreign
60
30
(a) Neithercountryhasacomparativeadvantage.
(b) Homehasacomparativeadvantageincloth.
(c) Foreignhasacomparativeadvantageincloth.
(d) Homehasacomparativeadvantageinwidgets.
(e) Homehasacomparativeadvantageinbothproducts.
Answer:
B
7. IfitisascertainedthatForeignusesprison-slavelabortoproduceitsexports,thenhomeshould
(a) exportcloth.
(b) exportwidgets.
(c) exportbothandimportnothing.
(d) exportandimportnothing.
(e) Alloftheabove.
Answer:
A
8. IftheHomeeconomysufferedameltdown,andtheUnitLaborRequirementsineachoftheproductsquadrupled(thatis,doubledto30forclothand60forwidgets)thenhomeshould
(a) exportcloth.
(b) exportwidgets.
(c) exportbothandimportnothing.
(d) exportandimportnothing.
(e) Alloftheabove.
Answer:
A
9. IfwagesweretodoubleinHome,thenHomeshould:
(a) exportcloth.
(b) exportwidgets.
(c) exportbothandimportnothing.
(d) exportandimportnothing.
(e) Alloftheabove.
Answer:
A
10. Iftheworldequilibriumpriceofwidgetswere4Cloths,then
(a) bothcountriescouldbenefitfromtradewitheachother.
(b) neithercountrycouldbenefitfromtradewitheachother.
(c) eachcountrywillwanttoexportthegoodinwhichitenjoyscomparativeadvantage.
(d) neithercountrywillwanttoexportthegoodinwhichitenjoyscomparativeadvantage.
(e) bothcountrieswillwanttospecializeincloth.
Answer:
A
11. Giventhefollowinginformation:
NumberofUnitsProducedbyoneUnitofLabor
Cloth
Widgets
Home
10
20
Foreign
60
30
(a) Neithercountryhasacomparativeadvantage.
(b) Homehasacomparativeadvantageincloth.
(c) Foreignhasacomparativeadvantageincloth.
(d) Foreignhasacomparativeadvantageinwidgets.
(e) Homehasacomparativeadvantageinbothproducts.
Answer:
C
12. TheopportunitycostofclothintermsofwidgetsinForeignisifitisascertainedthatForeignusesprison-slavelabortoproduceitsexports,thenhomeshould
(a) exportcloth.
(b) exportwidgets.
(c) exportbothandimportnothing.
(d) exportandimportnothing.
(e) Alloftheabove.
Answer:
B
13. IfwagesweretodoubleinHome,thenHomeshould
(a) exportcloth.
(b) exportwidgets.
(c) exportbothandimportnothing.
(d) exportandimportnothing.
(e) Alloftheabove.
Answer:
B
14. Iftheworldequilibriumpriceofwidgetswere4Cloths,then
(a) bothcountriescouldbenefitfromtradewitheachother.
(b) neithercountrycouldbenefitfromtradewitheachother.
(c) eachcountrywillwanttoexportthegoodinwhichitenjoyscomparativeadvantage.
(d) neithercountrywillwanttoexportthegoodinwhichitenjoyscomparativeadvantage.
(e) bothcountrieswillwanttospecializeincloth.
Answer:
A
15. Iftheworldequilibriumpriceofwidgetswere40cloths,then
(a) bothcountriescouldbenefitfromtradewitheachother.
(b) neithercountrycouldbenefitfromtradewitheachother.
(c) eachcountrywillwanttoexport