高考英语浙江专用优编增分二轮试题专题2 阅读理解 第2节 题型一 2Word格式.docx
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3hours(7miles)
JoinasmallgroupbiketourforaneveningofexplorationintheheartofWashington,D.C.GetupclosetothemonumentsandmemorialsasyoubikethesitesofCapitolHillandtheNationalMall.Frequentstopsaremadeforphototakingasyourguideoffersuniquefactsandhistory.Tourincludesbike,helmet,andbottledwater.Allridersareequippedwithreflectivevestsandsafetylights.
21.Whichtourdoyouneedtobookinadvance?
A.CherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D.C.
B.WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTour.
C.CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington,D.C.
D.WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour.
答案 A
解+析 细节理解题。
根据第一项自行车旅行中的最后一句“Reserveyourspotbeforeavailability—andthecherryblossoms—disappear!
”可知,这项自行车旅行需要提前预订。
其他三项自行车旅行都没有提到需要预订。
22.WhatwillyoudoontheCapitalCityBikeTour?
A.Meetfamouspeople.
B.Gotoanationalpark.
C.Visitwell-knownmuseums.
D.Enjoyinterestingstories.
答案 D
根据第三项自行车旅行中的第二句“KnowledgeableguideswillentertainyouwiththemostinterestingstoriesaboutPresidents,Congress,memorials,andparks.”可知,在CapitalCityBikeTour中,导游会为你讲述关于总统、国会、纪念碑和公园的最有趣的故事。
23.Whichofthefollowingdoesthebicycletouratnightprovide?
A.Citymaps.B.Cameras.
C.Meals.D.Safetylights.
由题干中的atnight可定位到最后一项自行车旅行。
根据最后两句“Tourincludesbike,helmet,andbottledwater.Allridersareequippedwithreflectivevestsandsafetylights.”可知,在晚上进行的这项自行车旅行给游客配备了安全灯。
一、题型解读
1.话题特点
常考查间接信息理解类的话题有:
(1)人物类;
(2)故事类;
(3)文化教育类;
(4)史地自然类;
(5)社会生活类;
(6)科普说明类。
2.设问形式
特殊疑问句形式或填空形式:
(1)Accordingtotheauthor/passage,...
(2)Whatcanwelearnabout...?
(3)Whatwasthereasonfor...?
二、解题技巧——“断章取义”定答案
第一步:
阅读题干,确定关键词,锁定原文相关信息;
第二步:
定位题干关键词的转换形式;
第三步:
利用正确选项特征,确定答案。
正确选项特征:
①用同义或近义词复现。
如【真题感悟】第21题题干中bookinadvance“提前预定”与原文中“Reserveyourspotbeforeavailability—andthecherryblossoms—disappear(在有效期和樱花消失前预约).”意思相同,可知答案为A项。
②同根词或原词复现。
③语言简化。
简化原文中的复杂语言现象,并设置为答案。
④反义词复现。
把原文中的意思反过来表达。
A
山东枣庄一模)
NatalieTraylingisafamousstreetartistinMelbourne.Atfirst,thosewhohappenedtopassbyherandsparesomechangedidn’tevenrealizewhatamusical1geniuswasplaying.TheemotionaltunewasnotonlymasterfullyplayedbutalsocomposedbyNatalieherselfwhenshewasonly14.Gradually,aslongassheappears,peoplewillstop,absorbedinhermusic.Hermusicmakesyouthinkaboutcalmness,thegoodthingsinlife,andnevergivingup.
Butwhatpeopledonotknowisthatbehindthebeautifulmusicoftheoldwoman,itisfullofbitterness.Attheageof12,shewonamusic2scholarshipatSantaMariaCollege.At15sheknockedbackascholarshiptotheRoyalAcademyofMusicinLondonbecauseherparentscouldn’tpaynon-tuitioncosts.Whensheleftschool,shetaughtpianoatSantaMaria.Latershemetherhusband,Denis.Theyhadfourchildren,butthetwoofthemdied.In1984,Denisaskedforadivorce.Natalie’sson,Nathan,wasgivenmedicationfordepression.NatalielivedeitheroutdoorsinRoyalParkorinboardinghousesfornineyears.Inlate2003Nataliecollapsedwithanaemia(贫血)andwashospitalizedforsixmonths.
Forhalfacentury,Nataliehasbeen3teasedbyfate.Butevenso,shenevergaveupherloveformusic.Whenaskedwhymusicwassoimportanttoher,shesaid,“Musiciseverything.Idofeelpartofit.Thewholeworldismusic.”
WhenNataliewentontheInternet,shebecameasignofMelbourne.Peopleareimpressedbyher4persistenceindreamsandtheoptimismoflife.Nowsheisnolongerwanderingaround.Shecanplaythepianoatanytime,butaslongastheweatherisgood,shewillwalktothestreetsofMelbourne,andplaya9touchingmelodyfortherushofthecity.
1.WhyisNatalie’smusicsotouchingtothepassers-by?
A.Itisfullofbitterness.
B.Shecomposeditherself.
C.It’sareflectionofherownlife.
D.Itremindsthemofthebeautyoflife.
根据第一段最后两句“Gradually,aslongassheappears,peoplewillstop,absorbedinhermusic.Hermusicmakesyouthinkaboutcalmness,thegoodthingsinlife,andnevergivingup.”可知,路人听到娜塔莉的演奏都会驻足聆听,因为娜塔莉的乐声让你沉静下来,思考生命中那些美好的事物,让你觉得永远都不要放弃。
故选D。
2.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedwords“knockedback”inParagraph2?
A.Gaveup.B.Obtained.
C.Accepted.D.Wasawarded.
解+析 词义猜测题。
根据画线词后面的“becauseherparentscouldn’tpaynon-tuitioncosts”可知,娜塔莉在15岁时拒绝了伦敦皇家音乐学院的奖学金,因为她的父母负担不起学费以外的费用。
故选A。
3.WhatdoesmusicmeantoNatalie?
A.It’sherhobby.
B.It’sthesourceofhermisfortune.
C.Itispartofherlife.
D.It’sawaytoearnaliving.
答案 C
根据第三段中的“Musiciseverything.Idofeelpartofit.Thewholeworldismusic.”可知,对娜塔莉而言,音乐就是一切,她觉得自己是它的一部分,音乐是全世界。
故选C。
4.Whatdoestheauthortrytotellus?
A.Natalieisamusicalgenius.
B.Lifeisnoteasyforeveryone.
C.Nevergiveuphalfway.
D.Nataliehasastrongandbraveheart.
解+析 推理判断题。
根据最后一段得知娜塔莉在网上走红后,一下子成了墨尔本的标志。
人们被她对梦想的执着和对生活的乐观精神所打动。
说明作者想通过本文向我们介绍墨尔本坚强、勇敢的街头艺术家娜塔莉。
B
山东泰安质检)
Honestyisthebestpolicy.Wemayagreethatadmittingmistakesandbehavinginagenuinewayistherightwaytoleadourlives,butistheresomethinginourhumannaturethatmakesusimmoral?
Forexample,insomeshopsandcarparksyoucanfindanhonestybox—aboxwhereyoupayforsomethingbyputtingmoneyinit—butitreliesonyoutoputtherightamountofcashin.Thisreliesonpeoplebeinghonestandnottryingtocheatbutitdoesprovidea5temptationto6getawaywithnotpayingthefullamount.
PhilipGraves,apsychologist,suggeststhatthistemptationispartofour7evolution.Hesays,“Wehaveevolvedwiththeabilitytobedishonest.It’spartofourevolutionarypsychologicalmake-up—becauseifwecangainanadvantageoverthepeoplearoundus,wehaveagreaterchanceofsurviving.”
Sowhydoweplacesuchimportanceonbeinghonestifwebenefitfrombeingdishonest?
It’sbecauseitisselfishbehavior.Ifeverybodyactedselfishlyanddishonestlyallthetime,theworldwouldbeaveryunpleasantplace.AsPhilipGravessays,“Thereisabalancetostrikebetweentheextenttowhichwecanfeatherourownnest,sotospeak,andtheriskofbeingostracized(排斥)bythegroup.”So,forsocietiestoworktogetherweneedtotrusteachotherandthereforeweneedtobehonest.
Beingtrustworthywithmoneyisofcoursevitalforaneconomytosurvive.Butbeinghonestwithwordsisanothermatter,sayingwhatwethinktosomeonecangetusintohotwater.However,anewanonymousmessagingapphasbeendesignedthatletsanyonewithalinktoyourprofile(简介)tosendyouamessagewithoutknowingwhoit’sfrom.Theappnowhas300millionuserswhichperhapsindicateshowhonestwereallyliketobe—butinallhonesty,doyouwanttoknowwhatpeoplethinkaboutyou?
Ishonestyalwaysthebestpolicy?
语篇解读 这是一篇议论文。
在生活、工作中,诚实一定是上策吗?
本文讨论了诚实守信是人的本能还是社交生活的必然产物。
5.Whatdoesanhonestyboxrequirepeopletodo?
A.Getthechangeoutofitfreely.
B.Putthecorrectamountofmoneyinit.
C.Donatethepocketmoneytoothers.
D.Payalargeramountofmoney.
答案 B
根据第一段中的“Forexample,insomeshopsandcarparksyoucanfindanhonestybox—aboxwhereyoupayforsomethingbyputtingmoneyinit—butitreliesonyoutoputtherightamountofcashin.”可知,诚实盒子要求人们在盒子里放入正确数目的钱。
故选B。
6.AccordingtoPhilipGraves,beingdishonest.
A.isadisadvantage
B.shouldbe8advocated
C.ispartofourevolution
D.helpspeoplesurvivebetter
根据第二段PhilipGraves的话“Wehaveevolvedwiththeabilitytobedishonest.It’spartofourevolutionarypsychologicalmake-up—becauseifwecangainanadvantageoverthepeoplearoundus,wehaveagreaterchanceofsurviving.”可知,不诚实是我们进化的一部分。
7.WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytalkabout?
A.Thereasonforbeinghonest.
B.Thebenefitofbeingdishonest.
C.The10outcomeofselfishness.
D.Theimportanceofgroupwork.
解+析 段落大意题。
根据第三段内容尤其是该段首句“Sowhydoweplacesuchimportanceonbeinghonestifwebenefitfrombeingdishonest?
”可知,此段主要向我们叙述要诚实的原因。
8.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?
A.Honestyisalwaysthebestpolicy.
B.Theauthorisinfavorofdishonesty.
C.Themarketofthenewappispromising.
D.Beinghonestwithwordsissometimesimproper.
根据最后一段第二句“Butbeinghonestwithwordsisanothermatter,sayingwhatwethinktosomeonecangetusintohotwater.”可知,诚实的话有时候是不恰当的。
Ⅰ.障碍词汇突破
(一)阅读下列句子,并根据句意猜测画线部分的意思
1.Chaplinwasnotjustagenius,buthewasamongthemostinfluentialfiguresinfilmhistory.
天才
2.Angela’s$7,000tuitionatuniversitythisyearwillbepaidforwithscholarships.奖学金
3.Heteasedthedogbypu