一般过去式和完成时的区别Word文档格式.docx
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过去时常用的非持续性动词有come,go,leave,start,die,finish,become,getmarried等。
举例:
Isawthisfilmyesterday.
(强调看的动作发生过了。
)
Ihaveseenthisfilm.
(强调对现在的影响,电影的内容已经知道了。
Whydidyougetupsoearly?
(强调起床的动作已发生过了。
Whohasn'
thandedinhispaper?
(强调有卷子,可能为不公平竞争。
ShehasreturnedfromParis.
她已从巴黎回来了。
Shereturnedyesterday.
她是昨天回来了。
HehasbeenintheLeagueforthreeyears.
(在团内的状态可延续)
HehasbeenaLeaguememberforthreeyears.
(是团员的状态可持续)
HejoinedtheLeaguethreeyearsago.
(三年前入团,joined为短暂行为。
Ihavefinishedmyhomeworknow.
---WillsomebodygoandgetDr.White?
---He'
salreadybeensentfor.
句子中如有过去时的时间副词(如yesterday,last,week,in1960)时,不能使用现在完成时,要用过去时。
(错)Tomhaswrittenalettertohisparentslastnight.
(对)Tomwrotealettertohisparentslastnight.
过去完成时
1)概念:
表示过去的过去
----|-------|-----|---->
其构成是had+过去分词构成。
那时以前那时现在
2)用法
a.在told,said,knew,heard,thought等动词后的宾语从句。
Shesaid(that)shehadneverbeentoParis.
b.状语从句
在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中,发生在先,用过去完成时;
发生在后,用一般过去时。
Whenthepolicearrived,thethieveshadrunaway.
c.表示意向的动词,如hope,wish,expect,think,intend,mean,suppose等,用过去完成时表示"
原本…,未能…"
Wehadhopedthatyouwouldcome,butyoudidn'
t.
3)过去完成时的时间状语before,by,until,when,after,once,assoonas。
HesaidthathehadlearnedsomeEnglishbefore.
Bythetimehewastwelve,Edisonhadbegantomakealivingbyhimself.
Tomwasdisappointedthatmostoftheguestshadleftwhenhearrivedattheparty.
典型例题
Thestudents___busilywhenMissBrownwenttogetabookshe___intheoffice.
A.hadwritten,leftB,werewriting,hasleftC.hadwritten,hadleftD.werewriting,hadleft
答案D."
把书忘在办公室"
发生在"
去取书"
这一过去的动作之前,因此"
忘了书"
这一动作发生在过去的过去,用过去完成时。
句中when表示的是时间的一点,表示在"
同学们正忙于…"
这一背景下,when所引导的动作发生。
因此
前一句应用过去进行时。
注意:
hadno…when还没等……就……
hadnosooner…than刚……就……
Hehadnosoonerboughtthecarthanhesoldit
一般过去时与现在完成时比较练习题
I.用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1.Withthemedicineboxunderherarm,MissZhao______(hurry)offtolookaftertheman.
2.Jim______(make)manyfriendssincehe______(come)toChina.
3.They______(know)eachotherforabouttenyears.
4.He______already______(write)alettertothefactorytoaskthemtostopmakingnoise.
5.—When______she______(leave)?
—Twohoursago.
6.—______you______(see)thefilmbefore?
—Yes,I______.
—Where______you______(see)it?
—AtTheQueen’sCinema.
7.—Thankyouallthesame,Mr.Black,butIdon’teatsweets.
—Oh,Iamsorry.I______(notknow)that.
8.Theyusually______(go)fishingwhentheylivedthere.
9.Howlong______she______(be)ill?
10.Theydidn’tstarttoworkinthefielduntiltherain______(stop).
II.按要求完成句子。
A)句型转换。
1.Johnwenttoseehisgrandmotheronceaweek.(对划线部分提问)
__________________John______toseehisgrandmother.
2.Hehasalreadyfinishedhishomework.(改为否定句)
He______finishedhishomework______.
3.YouhaveneverbeentoShanghaibefore.(改为反意疑问句)
YouhaveneverbeentoShanghaibefore,______?
B)同义句转换,每空一词。
4.Myfathercamebackthedaybeforeyesterday.
Myfatherhas____________fortwodays.
5.Myuncleboughtthenewcartwomonthsago.
Myunclehas______thenewcar______twomonthsago.
6.TheyleftChangshaanhourago.
Theyhave__________________Changshaforanhour.
7.Thefilmbegantenminutesago.
Thefilm__________________fortenminutes.
8.Theoldmandied5yearsago.
Theoldman__________________for5years.
III.单项填空。
1.—I’msorry,Cathy,I______yourradioforsuchalongtime.
—Nevermind.
A.haveborrowed
B.havelent
C.havekept
D.havereturned
2.—Wherehaveyou______thesedays?
—Ihave______toYangzhouwithmyfriends.
A.been,gone
B.been,been
C.gone,been
D.gone,gone
3.—Whereisyourfather?
Wehaven’tseeneachotherforweeks.
—______.
A.HehasbeentoAmerica
B.HehasgonetoEngland
C.HeisgoingtoAustralia
D.Hewouldvisitmygrandparents
4.Theyhave______sincethefactoryopened.
A.lefttheschool
B.joinedtheteam
C.becomeworkers
D.workedhere
5.Jim______theGreatWallmanytimes.
A.wentto
B.goesto
C.hasgoneto
D.hasbeento
6.It______tenyearssincethey______toFrance.
A.was,moved
B.was,havemoved
C.is,havemoved
D.is,moved
7.—______totheUnitedStates?
—No,never,butIwenttoCanadaafewyearsago.
A.Haveyoubeen
B.Haveyougone
C.Didyougo
D.Willyougo
8.Iwon’tgotoseethefilmtonightbecauseI______myticket.
A.didn’tlose
B.havelost
C.willlose
D.didn’thave
9.MissWuhastaughtinthisschool______.
A.fortenyears
B.tenyearsago
C.sincetenyears
D.fortenyearsago
10.I______today’shomeworkalready.Whataboutyou?
A.havefinished
B.finish
C.tofinish
D.finishing
11.—AnnhasgonetoShanghai.—So______herparents.
A.has
B.had
C.did
D.have