初中英语阅读理解解题技巧.docx
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初中英语阅读理解解题技巧
英语阅读理解解题技巧
一、概述
中考阅读理解题选材，一般遵循三个原则：
1.文章不少于三篇，阅读量在1，000单词左右；
2.题材广泛，包括科普、社会、文化、政治、经济等多方面内容；
3.体裁多样，包阔记叙文、说明文、应用文等。
二、中考阅读理解主要考查6种能力：
1掌握所读材料的主旨和大意的能力。
此类考查主旨和大意的题大多数针对段落（或短文）的主题，主题思想，标题或目的，其主要提问方式是：
1）Whichisthebesttitleofthepassage?
2）Whichofthefollowingisthispassageabout?
3）Inthispassagethewritertriestotellusthat______.
4）Thepassagetellsusthat______.
5）Thispassagemainlytalksabout_______.
2.把握文章的事实和细节的能力。
此类考查事实和细节的题目大多数是针对文章的细节设计的，其主要提问方式是：
1）Whichofthefollowingisright?
2）Whichofthefollowingisnotmentioned?
3）WhichofthefollowingisNotTrueinthepassage?
4）Choosetherightorderofthispassage.
5）Fromthispassageweknow________.
3.根据上下文猜测生词的含义的能力。
此类猜测词义的题目要求考生根据上下文确定某一特定的词或短语的准确含义。
其主要提问方式是：
1）Theword“”inthepassageprobablymeans________.
2）Theunderlinedword“It”inthepassagerefersto_______.
3）Inthisstorytheunderlinedword“”means________.
4）Here“it”means________.
4.对阅读材料全篇的逻辑关系的理解，对文章各段，各句之间的逻辑关系的理解能力。
此类题目主要考查的是句语句之间，短语短之间的逻辑关系，其主要提问方式是：
1）Manyvisitorscometothewrite’scityto________.
2）SomeshopscanbebuiltDongfengSquaresothattheymay_____.
3）Airpollutionisthemostseriouskindofpollutionbecause_____.
4）WhydidthewritergetoffthetraintwostopsbeforeViennastation?
5.依据短文内容和考生应有的常识进行推理和判断的能力。
此类题目文章中没有明确的答案，需要考生再理解全文的基础上进行推理和判断。
其主要提问方式是：
1）Wecanguessthewriterofthelettermaybea______.
2）Wecaninferfromthetextthat_______.
3）Fromtheletterswe’velearnedthatit’svery___toknowsomethingaboutAmericansocialcustoms.
4）Fromthestorywecanguess______.
5）Whatwouldbehappyif…?
6.推断作者意图和态度的能力。
此类题目的主要提问方式是：
1）HowdidthewriterfeelatViennastation?
2）Thewriterwritesthistextto______.
3）Thewriterbelievesthat______.
4）Thewritersuggeststhat______.
三、题目类型
1A类题：
可以直接从原文中找到答案的题目
A类题是拿分题。
丢分原因：
1）凭印象做题，准确率低。
2）时间把握最容易出问题：
忘记内容的时候往往会回到文章中去找答案，一篇文章往往要读好几遍。
A类题解题技巧：
看清题目所问的内容之后，要在原文中划出原句，并标上题号。
这样做的目的：
1）做到万无一失，保证把该拿到的分数拿到手。
2）减少阅读文章的次数，争取宝贵的时间。
2B类题：
不能够从原文中直接找到答案的题
需要经过分析、判断、推理之后才能解答的题。
该类题是失分题，往往是出题老师用来拉开学生梯度和层次的题。
B类题包括：
文章主题和中心大意等，一般都是主旨题。
B类题解题技巧：
1、以原文为依据，不参杂个人意见，要客观不要主观。
要克服“我认为…怎么样”的观点。
2、答案是比出来的。
答案不选对的，只选最好的。
因为，有时候四个答案都是对的。
所以，当看到第一答案是正确的时候，也要看后面的答案。
遇到这种情况，往往有学生钻牛角尖。
老师给学生解释的时候，也可以这样说：
你的答案没错，但是另一个答案更好，更全面。
答案不选对的，只选最好的。
比答案的原则是：
好的>不知道的；不知道的>不对的。
3、注意绝对化的词。
如果答案选项中出现绝对化的词，比如：
all，always，never，nothing，every等等，除非文章当中使用了该类词汇，否则，一般都要排除。
比如，原文中出现了这样一个句子：
Almosteveryonelikesthemusic.答题时，要你判断如下这个句子正误（TrueorFalse）：
Everyonelikesthemusic.<——该句子应该是错误的。
4、答案要避免以点带面，以偏盖全。
尤其是多个选项都有道理，难以挑选正确答案的时候，要注意选择最符合题目要求的一个。
5、“傻瓜”原则。
文章中没有提到的就当时不知道，不要枉自猜测，自作聪明。
一切以文章内容为准。
四、阅读理解解题步骤
1、第一步：
先读题
2、第二步：
读文章
3、第三步：
解题
5、针对练习题
中考英语阅读训练
（01）ThisisatalkbyaLondontaxi（出租车）driver.
"I'vebeenataxidriverfornearlytenyears.MostLondontaxidrivershavetheirowntaxis."
"It'sanicejobmostoftime.youmeetalotofpeople.Ialwaysworkatnight,becausethereistoomuchtrafficduringtheday.Ilivetwentymiles（英里）outsideLondonandIgotoworkat5:
30intheafternoon."
"Iusuallygohomebetween2and3inthemorning."
"Someverystrangethingshappenedlateatnight.TheotherdayIwastakingawomanhomefromaparty.Shehadherlittledogwithher.Whenwegottoherhouse,shefoundthatshehadlostherkey.SoIwaitedinthecarwiththedogwhilesheclimbedinthroughthewindows."
"Iwaitedandwaited.AfterhalfanhourofringingthebellIdecidedtofindoutwhatwasgoingon.Itiedthedogtoatreeandstartedtoclimbinthroughthewindow.ThenextthingIknewwasthatthepolicecame.TheythoughtIwasathief（小偷）.
Luckilythewomancamedownstairs（下楼）.Shemusthavegonetosleepandforgottenaboutmeandthedog!
"
1.Thedriveralwaysworkedatnightbecauseitwaseasierto_____.
A.driveB.makemoneyC.climbinthroughthewindowD.meetalotofpeople
2.Thewomanclimbedinthroughthewindowbecause_____.
A.shewantedtohaveasleepB.herhusbanddidn'topenthedoorforher
C.shedidn'twanttopaythedriverDshecouldn'tfindherkey
3.Thestoryhappened_____.A.earlyinthemorningB.lateatnight
C.20milesoutsideLondonD.nearthepolicestation
4.Whichofthefollowingiswrong?
A.Thedriverworkeduntilbetween2and3inthemorning.B.Thepolicemadeamistake.
C.Thewomanhadnomoneytopaythedriver.D.Thewomanhadforgottenaboutthedriverandthedog.
5.Thedriverclimbedinthroughthewindowto
A.getmoneyfromthewomanB.returnthedogtothewoman
C.seewhatwashappeninginthehouseD.phonethepolice
（02）TherearefiftystatesintheUnitedStates.ThelargestinpopulationisCalifornia,thelargestinareaisAlaska.AlaskaisthesmallestinpopulationandRhodeIslandisthesmallestinsize.TheoldeststatesaretheonesalongtheAtlanticcoast.TheneweststatesareAlaskaandHawaii.Alaskaisalsothecoldeststate.CaliforniaandFloridaarethewarmer.HenryandhisfamilyliveinSeattle,abigcity,onthePacificcoast.ButLosAngelesandSanFrancisco,alsoonthePacificcoast,arelargerthanSeattle.Henry'scousin,Susan,livesinNewYork.ItisthelargestcityintheUnitedStates.ThousandsofpeoplevisitNewYorkeachyear.ThemostimportantcityintheUnitedStatesisWashington,D.C.Itisthecapital,butitismuchsmallerthanNewYork.
1.HowmanystatesarethereintheU.S.A.?
A.FiveB.Forty-Five.C.FiftyD.Fifteen.
2.Whichstateisthelargestinpopulation?
A.California.B.Rhode-Island.C.AlaskaD.LosAngeles.
3.Whichstateistheoldest,thenewest,andthesmallestinpopulation?
A.RhodeIsland.B.Seattle.C.SanFrancisco.D.Alaska.
4.Whichofthefollowingistrue?
A.TheoldeststatesaretheonesalongthePacificcoast.B.Washingtonisthemostimportantandthelargestcity.
C.NewYorkisthelargestcityintheUnitedStates.D.Henry'scousinlivesintheSeattle.
5.WhyisWashington,D.C.themostimportantAmericancity?
Because_________.
A.itisthelargestcityB.itisthelargestinpopulation
C.itisthemostbeautifulcityD.itisthecapitaloftheUnitedStates
（03）MrsBlacklivesinasmallvillage.Herhusbandisdead.Herson,Jack,livedwithher.Heworkedinashopinthevillage,butthenhefoundajobintownnamedGreensea.Hewenttolivethere.MrsBlackwasveryangry.Shegotonatrainandwenttoseeherson.Thenshesaidtohim,"Jack,whydoyounevertelephoneme?
"Jacklaughed,"But,mother,youhaven'tgotatelephone.""No."sheanswered,"Ihaven't,butyouhavegotone."
1.TheoldBlack______.
A.isdeadB.liveswithhiswifeC.wenttoasmallvillageD.workedinashop
2.Jacklivedwithhismother______heworkedinthevillage.A.beforeB.whenC.afterD.so
3.Greenseais_________.A.abigcityB.asmallvillageC.atownD.aman'sname
4.Jackdidn'tphonehismotherbecause______.
A.hehadnophoneB.hewasverybusyC.hismotherhadnophoneD.hewenthomeeveryday
5.Jack'smotherwasveryangrybecause______.
A.Jackdidn'twanttoringherupB.Jackhadatelephonebutshehadn't
C.shedidn'tknowhowtomakeatelephoneD.shedidn'tknowshecouldn'tbecalled
（04）Dannywasjusttiredaboutthewaythingsweregoing．HismomcametotheschoolandwentonandonaboutRickJackson．Itseemedthatshewouldneverstoptalking．"Somebody'sgottostopthatboy!
"shewasshouting．"Rick'stroublingeverybodyintheneighborhood（四邻）．Andhelovestopickon（结交）littleboyslikeDanny．"
Mrs．Green,Danny'steacher,wasconcerned（担心）alot．"Ididn'tknowthatDannywasbeingpickedon,"sheanswered．"He'sneversaidanythingaboutthistome!
"Mrs．GreenlookedatDanny．"Howlonghasthisbeengoingon?
"sheasked．Dannycouldonlyshakehisheadandlookatthefloor．Heknewifhesaidawordaboutthis,hewouldhavetroubleafterschool．
Dannyhadn'tsaidanythingabouttheproblembecausehewantedtodothingswiththeboysintheneighborhood．Afterall,mostofthemwerenicetohim．HehatedtoleavethegangjustbecauseofRick．Maybethetimehadcometofindnewfriends．Hefeltithardtomakeuphismind．
1．Welearnfromthereadingthat______．
A．DannywasnotagoodstudentB．Danny'smothertalkedtoomuchabouttheschool
C．Danny'steacherknewsomethingaboutDanny'sproblembeforeD．DannywantedtogetawayfromRick
2．WhenDanny'smothercameforMrsGreen,thematterwasnow______toMrsGreen．
A．seriousB．commonC．untrueD．similar
3．Dannynow______．A．wastiredoftheschoolandhisfriendsB．hadnofriendsatall
C．wasnotsurewhatheshouldtowiththeproblemD．madesomenewfriendsintheneighborhood
4．Dannydidn'tsayanythingaboutthemattertoMrsGreenbecause______．
A．shehadknownitB．theotherboyswouldtellher
C．hedidn'twanttobeintroubleD．hismotherdidn'twanthimtosayit
5．Theword'gang'inthereadingmeans'______'．
A．aplaceforboystoplaygamesB．agroupofyoungpeople
C．aschoolbusforchildrentoandfromschoolD．theteacher'soffice
（05）FoulshamHouseisafine,largehouseofthe1790s．ItstandsbytheRiverByer,intwenty—fivehectares（公顷）ofthebestfarmlandinthesouthwest．
ThehousewasbuiltbySmithson,andthestorygoesbacktoGeorge,thesonofKingofWhales,whofellinlovewiththebeautifulLadyKitty,atoneofthefirstFoulsham'swildwoods（野外）parties．ManyyearsagomanygreatmenrodeonthehillsaboutFoulshamHouse,andmanyfinegirlstookteaintheGreenRoom．Thehousehaseightbedrooms,threebathrooms（浴室）,twoliving—rooms,andadining—roomwitharealAdamfireplace．Itslibraryhasagoodviewovertheparkandtheriver．Allroomsarelightandairy,with
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